07-1函数.py
def greet_user(): # 使用def 来定义一个函数
print('hello') # 函数内做的事情,打印hello
greet_user() # 函数调用
运行结果:
/usr/local/bin/python3.7 /Users/luoye/Desktop/SUM_PROJECTS/Sum_Code/python_code/07-1函数.py
hello
Process finished with exit code 0
07-2向函数传递参数.py
def greet_user(username): # username 是形参 是变量 jesse传递到username这个变量里面存起来等待被使用
"""显示简单的问候语"""
print("Hello," + username.title() + "!")
greet_user('jesse') # jesse 是实参
运行结果:
/usr/local/bin/python3.7 /Users/luoye/Desktop/SUM_PROJECTS/Sum_Code/python_code/07-2向函数传递参数.py
Hello,Jesse!
Process finished with exit code 0
07-3位置实参.py
def describe_pet(animal_type, pet_name):
"""显示宠物的信息"""
print("\nI have a " + animal_type + ".")
print("My " + animal_type + "'s name is " + pet_name.title() + ".")
describe_pet('hamster','harry')
# 调用函数多次
describe_pet('dog', 'willie')
运行结果:
/usr/local/bin/python3.7 /Users/luoye/Desktop/SUM_PROJECTS/Sum_Code/python_code/07-3位置实参.py
I have a hamster.
My hamster's name is Harry.
I have a dog.
My dog's name is Willie.
Process finished with exit code 0
07-4关键字实参.py
def describe_pet(animal_type, pet_name):
"""显示宠物的信息"""
print("\nI have a " + animal_type + ".")
print("My " + animal_type + "'s name is " + pet_name.title() + ".")
describe_pet(animal_type='hamster',pet_name='harry')
describe_pet(pet_name='harry',animal_type='hamster')
# 注意:使用关键字实参时,务必准确地指定函数定义中的形参名。
运行结果:
/usr/local/bin/python3.7 /Users/luoye/Desktop/SUM_PROJECTS/Sum_Code/python_code/07-4关键字实参.py
I have a hamster.
My hamster's name is Harry.
I have a hamster.
My hamster's name is Harry.
Process finished with exit code 0
07-5 关键字实参&位置实参的默认值参数 .py
def describe_pet(pet_name,animal_type='dog'):
"""显示宠物的信息"""
print("\nI have a " + animal_type + ".")
print("My " + animal_type + "'s name is " + pet_name.title() + ".")
# animal_type设置了默认值,不给参数,就使用默认的参数
# 在这个函数的定义中,修改了形参的排列顺序。由于给animal_type指定了默认值,
# 无需通过实参来指定动物类型,因此如果函数调用中只包含宠物的名字,这个实参将关联到函数定义中的第一个形参。
# 这就是需要将pet_name放在形参列表开头的原因所在。
describe_pet(pet_name='willie')
describe_pet(animal_type='hamster',pet_name='harry')
运行结果:
/usr/local/bin/python3.7 "/Users/luoye/Desktop/SUM_PROJECTS/Sum_Code/python_code/07-5 关键字实参&位置实参的默认值参数 .py"
I have a dog.
My dog's name is Willie.
I have a hamster.
My hamster's name is Harry.
Process finished with exit code 0
学习小结:函数是带名字的代码块,用于完成具体的工作。