Java 常用工具类(12) : java后台发送http请求

参考 : 

    java http 发送post请求-json格式_Oh_go_boy的博客-CSDN博客 

    Java发送Http请求 - 玄同太子 - 博客园

    org.apache.http 在Maven中引入依耐包提示不存在的问题_奋斗鱼-CSDN博客

maven依赖

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
            <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
            <version>4.5</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
            <artifactId>httpmime</artifactId>
            <version>4.5</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
            <artifactId>httpcore</artifactId>
            <version>4.4.1</version>
        </dependency>

import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClientBuilder;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLConnection;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * 发送HTTP请求
 */
public class SendRequestUtils {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.err.println(sendPostJson("http://127.0.0.1:8080/test", "{\n" +
                "\t\"name\": \"12\",\n" +
                "\t\"age\": \"12\"\n" +
                "}"));
    }

    /**
     * 发送GET请求
     * @param url
     * @return
     */
    public static String sendGet(String url) {
        try {
            CloseableHttpClient client = null;
            CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
            try {
                HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);
                client = HttpClients.createDefault();
                response = client.execute(httpGet);
                HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
                String result = EntityUtils.toString(entity,"utf-8");
                // 中文乱码 result = new String(result.getBytes("ISO8859_1"), "UTF-8");
                return result;
            } finally {
                if (response != null) {
                    response.close();
                }
                if (client != null) {
                    client.close();
                }
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return null;
    }

    /**
     * 向指定URL发送GET方法的请求(有点问题)
     *
     * @param url   发送请求的URL
     * @param param 请求参数，请求参数应该是 name1=value1&name2=value2 的形式。
     * @return URL 所代表远程资源的响应结果
     */
    public static String sendGet(String url, String param) {
        String result = "";
        BufferedReader in = null;
        try {
            String urlNameString = url + "?" + param;
            if (param == null) {
                urlNameString = url;
            }
            URL realUrl = new URL(urlNameString);
            // 打开和URL之间的连接
            URLConnection connection = realUrl.openConnection();
            // 设置通用的请求属性
            connection.setRequestProperty("accept", "*/*");
            connection.setRequestProperty("connection", "Keep-Alive");
            connection.setRequestProperty("user-agent",
                    "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1;SV1)");
            // 建立实际的连接
            connection.connect();
            // 获取所有响应头字段
            Map<String, List<String>> map = connection.getHeaderFields();
            // 遍历所有的响应头字段
            for (String key : map.keySet()) {
                System.out.println(key + "--->" + map.get(key));
            }
            // 定义 BufferedReader输入流来读取URL的响应
            in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
                    connection.getInputStream()));
            String line;
            while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) {
                result += line;
            }
            System.out.println(result);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println("发送GET请求出现异常！" + e);
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        // 使用finally块来关闭输入流
        finally {
            try {
                if (in != null) {
                    in.close();
                }
            } catch (Exception e2) {
                e2.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * 向指定 URL 发送POST方法的请求
     *
     * @param url   发送请求的 URL
     * @param param 请求参数，请求参数应该是 name1=value1&name2=value2 的形式。
     * @return 所代表远程资源的响应结果
     */
    public static String sendPost(String url, String param) {
        PrintWriter out = null;
        BufferedReader in = null;
        String result = "";
        try {
            URL realUrl = new URL(url);
            // 打开和URL之间的连接
            URLConnection conn = realUrl.openConnection();
            // 设置通用的请求属性
            conn.setRequestProperty("accept", "*/*");
            conn.setRequestProperty("connection", "Keep-Alive");
            conn.setRequestProperty("user-agent",
                    "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1;SV1)");
            // 发送POST请求必须设置如下两行
            conn.setDoOutput(true);
            conn.setDoInput(true);
            // 获取URLConnection对象对应的输出流
            out = new PrintWriter(conn.getOutputStream());
            // 发送请求参数
            out.print(param);
            // flush输出流的缓冲
            out.flush();
            // 定义BufferedReader输入流来读取URL的响应
            in = new BufferedReader(
                    new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream()));
            String line;
            while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) {
                result += line;
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println("发送 POST 请求出现异常！" + e);
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        //使用finally块来关闭输出流、输入流
        finally {
            try {
                if (out != null) {
                    out.close();
                }
                if (in != null) {
                    in.close();
                }
            } catch (IOException ex) {
                ex.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * POST 发送json数据
     *
     * @param url
     * @param json
     * @return
     */
    public static String sendPostJson(String url, String json) {
        CloseableHttpClient client = HttpClientBuilder.create().build();
        HttpPost post = new HttpPost(url);
        String result = null;
        try {
            StringEntity s = new StringEntity(json, "utf-8");
            s.setContentEncoding("UTF-8");
            //发送json数据需要设置contentType
            s.setContentType("application/json");
            post.setEntity(s);
            HttpResponse res = client.execute(post);
            result = EntityUtils
                    .toString(res.getEntity(),"utf-8");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            try {
                client.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
            }
        }
        return result;
    }
}

注: 若返回值乱码 可添加参数 "UTF-8"

 in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
                    connection.getInputStream(),"UTF-8"));

JSON maven坐标

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.25</version>
        </dependency>