A)编译安装
make make install (/usr/local) make install PREFIX=$HOME/progs(可以自由指定安装路径)
B)同步的API接口
redisContext *redisConnect(const char *ip, int port); void *redisCommand(redisContext *c, const char *format, ...); void freeReplyObject(void *reply);
1)建立连接
redisContext *c = redisConnect("127.0.0.1", 6379); if (c != NULL && c->err) { printf("Error: %s\n", c->errstr); // handle error }
redisConnect函数用来创建一个叫redisContext的东西,它包含了连接相关的信息,它里面有个err字段,0表示正常,其他表示出错了!通过errstr字段可以知晓错误信息。
2)执行命令
reply = redisCommand(context, "SET key value"); reply = redisCommand(context, "SET key %s", value); reply = redisCommand(context, "SET key %b", value, (size_t) valuelen); reply = redisCommand(context, "SET key:%s %s", myid, value);
redisCommand的调用格式类似printf函数,上面的第二条调用语句的作用在于输入二进制格式的value内容,其后必须表明二进制的字节长度!
3)redisCommand函数返回一个东西叫redisReply,我们需要通过判断它的type字段来知道返回了具体什么样的内容:
REDIS_REPLY_STATUS 表示状态,内容通过str字段查看,字符串长度是len字段
REDIS_REPLY_ERROR 表示出错,查看出错信息,如上的str,len字段
REDIS_REPLY_INTEGER 返回整数,从integer字段获取值
REDIS_REPLY_NIL 没有数据返回
REDIS_REPLY_STRING 返回字符串,查看str,len字段
REDIS_REPLY_ARRAY 返回一个数组,查看elements的值(数组个数),通过element[index]的方式访问数组元素,每个数组元素是 一个redisReply对象的指针
4)另外有一个类似的函数,批量执行命令:
void *redisCommandArgv(redisContext *c, int argc, const char **argv, const size_t *argvlen);
5)redisReply使用完毕后,需要使用函数freeReplyObject进行释放销毁
void redisFree(redisContext *c)的作用是断开连接,并释放redisContext的内容
6)redisCommand的函数执行流程说明:
a.格式化redis command
b.格式化后的命令内容放入redisContext的输出缓冲区
c.调用redisGetReply函数执行命令,得到结果
7)管道的使用方式:
a.填入需要执行的命令
void redisAppendCommand(redisContext *c, const char *format, ...); void redisAppendCommandArgv(redisContext *c, int argc, const char **argv, const size_t *argvlen);
b.获取命令的输出结果
int redisGetReply(redisContext *c, void **reply);
c.释放输出结果
void freeReplyObject(void *reply);
例子:
redisReply *reply = NULL; redisAppendCommand(context,"set key1 value"); redisAppendCommand(context,"get key2"); redisGetReply(context,&reply); // reply for set freeReplyObject(reply); redisGetReply(context,&reply); // reply for get freeReplyObject(reply);
订阅模式:
reply = redisCommand(context,"SUBSCRIBE test"); freeReplyObject(reply); while(redisGetReply(context,&reply) == REDIS_OK) { // consume message freeReplyObject(reply); }
8)redisReply返回结果处理:
REDIS_OK 正常
REDIS_ERR_IO IO读/写出现异常,通过errno查看原因
REDIS_ERR_EOF 服务器关闭了链接,读结束
REDIS_ERR_PROTOCOL 分析redis协议内容出错
EDIS_ERR_OTHER 其他未知的错误
上述错误类型都可以通过redisReply的errstr字段查看简短的描述
C)异步API(异步API的使用方式和同步API差不多,在这儿列出不同的函数吧)
1.连接redis服务器
redisAsyncContext *c = redisAsyncConnect("127.0.0.1", 6379); if (c->err) { printf("Error: %s\n", c->errstr); // handle error }
2.设置连接、断开的钩子函数
int redisAsyncSetConnectCallback(redisAsyncContext *ac, redisConnectCallback *fn); int redisAsyncSetDisconnectCallback(redisAsyncContext *ac, redisDisconnectCallback *fn);
3.插入命令信息
int redisAsyncCommand(redisAsyncContext *ac, redisCallbackFn *fn, void *privdata,const char *format, ...); int redisAsyncCommandArgv( redisAsyncContext *ac, redisCallbackFn *fn, void *privdata, int argc, const char **argv, const size_t *argvlen);
获取命令输出和同步API相同
4.关闭连接
void redisAsyncDisconnect(redisAsyncContext *ac);
D)辅助API
下面的API主要用于其他编程语言绑定的术后,可以读取分析数据
redisReader *redisReaderCreate(void); void redisReaderFree(redisReader *reader); int redisReaderFeed(redisReader *reader, const char *buf, size_t len); int redisReaderGetReply(redisReader *reader, void **reply);
官方例子:
1 #include <stdio.h> 2 #include <stdlib.h> 3 #include <string.h> 4 5 #include <hiredis.h> 6 7 int main(int argc, char **argv) { 8 unsigned int j; 9 redisContext *c; 10 redisReply *reply; 11 const char *hostname = (argc > 1) ? argv[1] : "127.0.0.1"; 12 int port = (argc > 2) ? atoi(argv[2]) : 6379; 13 14 struct timeval timeout = { 1, 500000 }; // 1.5 seconds 15 c = redisConnectWithTimeout(hostname, port, timeout); 16 if (c == NULL || c->err) { 17 if (c) { 18 printf("Connection error: %s\n", c->errstr); 19 redisFree(c); 20 } else { 21 printf("Connection error: can't allocate redis context\n"); 22 } 23 exit(1); 24 } 25 26 /* PING server */ 27 reply = redisCommand(c,"PING"); 28 printf("PING: %s\n", reply->str); 29 freeReplyObject(reply); 30 31 /* Set a key */ 32 reply = redisCommand(c,"SET %s %s", "foo", "hello world"); 33 printf("SET: %s\n", reply->str); 34 freeReplyObject(reply); 35 36 /* Set a key using binary safe API */ 37 reply = redisCommand(c,"SET %b %b", "bar", (size_t) 3, "hello", (size_t) 5); 38 printf("SET (binary API): %s\n", reply->str); 39 freeReplyObject(reply); 40 41 /* Try a GET and two INCR */ 42 reply = redisCommand(c,"GET foo"); 43 printf("GET foo: %s\n", reply->str); 44 freeReplyObject(reply); 45 46 reply = redisCommand(c,"INCR counter"); 47 printf("INCR counter: %lld\n", reply->integer); 48 freeReplyObject(reply); 49 /* again ... */ 50 reply = redisCommand(c,"INCR counter"); 51 printf("INCR counter: %lld\n", reply->integer); 52 freeReplyObject(reply); 53 54 /* Create a list of numbers, from 0 to 9 */ 55 reply = redisCommand(c,"DEL mylist"); 56 freeReplyObject(reply); 57 for (j = 0; j < 10; j++) { 58 char buf[64]; 59 60 snprintf(buf,64,"%d",j); 61 reply = redisCommand(c,"LPUSH mylist element-%s", buf); 62 freeReplyObject(reply); 63 } 64 65 /* Let's check what we have inside the list */ 66 reply = redisCommand(c,"LRANGE mylist 0 -1"); 67 if (reply->type == REDIS_REPLY_ARRAY) { 68 for (j = 0; j < reply->elements; j++) { 69 printf("%u) %s\n", j, reply->element[j]->str); 70 } 71 } 72 freeReplyObject(reply); 73 74 /* Disconnects and frees the context */ 75 redisFree(c); 76 77 return 0; 78 }
整理自:http://www.mamicode.com/info-detail-501902.html