基于Spring Cloud Alibaba快速构建分布式系统基础框架 Step 1

基于Spring Cloud Alibaba快速构建分布式系统基础框架 Step 1

1. 根项目创建

1.1 IDEA基于Aliyun Spring Initializer创建根项目

此步骤根据所需的微服务、分布式功能选择对应的依赖包

• 创建项目，选择Spring Initializer脚手架
• 点击Spring Initializer脚手架的设置按钮，配置阿里的云原生脚手架网址:https://start.aliyun.com/（国内无法使用spring官方的脚手架）
• 选择依赖，填写项目信息，创建项目

1.2 根项目 .pom配置

不同的组件版本之间使用起来会有各种各样的兼容性问题，所以需要选择合适的组件版本以避免各种不必要的"疑难杂症"

• 定义根项目的通用properties，常用的比如项目版本revision，spring cloud 框架的版本，mven编译的jdk版本

<!--此处引用定义好的根项目的版本号-->
<version>${revision}</version>
<properties>   
        <revision>1.0.0</revision> 
        <spring-boot.version>3.3.2</spring-boot.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>2023.0.3</spring-cloud.version>
        <spring-cloud-alibaba.version>2023.0.1.2</spring-cloud-alibaba.version>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <maven.compiler.source>17</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>17</maven.compiler.target>
        <spring-boot-admin.version>3.3.3</spring-boot-admin.version>
        <spring.authorization.version>1.3.1</spring.authorization.version>
        <screw.version>0.0.3</screw.version>
        <captcha.version>2.2.3</captcha.version>
        <aws.version>1.12.675</aws.version>
        <configuration.version>1.10</configuration.version>
        <knife4j.version>3.0.5</knife4j.version>
        <swagger.fox.version>3.0.0</swagger.fox.version>
        <xxl-job.version>2.4.0</xxl-job.version>
        <docker.plugin.version>0.45.0</docker.plugin.version>
        <docker.host>http://192.168.0.100:2375</docker.host>
        <docker.registry>registry.cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com</docker.registry>
        <docker.namespace>iclouddemo</docker.namespace>
        <docker.username>username</docker.username>
        <docker.password>password</docker.password>
        <git.commit.plugin>9.0.1</git.commit.plugin>
        <spring.checkstyle.plugin>0.0.42</spring.checkstyle.plugin>
        <flatten-maven-plugin.version>1.6.0</flatten-maven-plugin.version>
        <maven-compiler-plugin.version>3.13.0</maven-compiler-plugin.version>
</properties>

• 引入全局通用依赖组件：比如配置、监控、日志、测试通用等组件

<!-- 以下依赖 全局所有的模块都会用到  -->
    <dependencies>
        <!--配置文件处理器-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <!--监控-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--监控客户端-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>de.codecentric</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-admin-starter-client</artifactId>
            <version>${spring-boot-admin.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--Lombok工具框架-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- JAVA 17 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.sun.xml.bind</groupId>
            <artifactId>jaxb-impl</artifactId>
            <version>${jaxb.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--测试依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>   

• 统一所有子项目的版本依赖,避免子模块中出现依赖冲突

<dependencyManagement>
    <!--统一所有子项目的版本依赖-->
    <dependencies>
        <!-- spring boot 依赖 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
            <version>${spring-boot.version}</version>
            <type>pom</type>
            <scope>import</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- spring cloud 依赖 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
            <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
            <type>pom</type>
            <scope>import</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- spring cloud alibaba 依赖 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
            <version>${spring-cloud-alibaba.version}</version>
            <type>pom</type>
            <scope>import</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>

• 全局maven编译配置

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.8.1</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.8</source>
                    <target>1.8</target>
                    <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-boot.version}</version>
                <configuration>
                    <mainClass>com.skymaple.dsd.DistributedSystemDemoApplication</mainClass>
                    <skip>true</skip>
                </configuration>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <id>repackage</id>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>repackage</goal>
                        </goals>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

注意: 若以上依赖出现下载失败、下载超时等问题，可参考如下两种解决办法

• 下载maven并配置mirror，再配置IDEA的maven为本地maven

  • 下载maven并安装,修改x:\xxx\apache-maven-x.x.x\conf\settings.xml 中的mirrors配置，增加aliyun镜像

    <mirror>
      <id>alimaven</id>
      <mirrorOf>central</mirrorOf>
      <name>Aliyun Maven</name>
      <url>https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/public</url>
    </mirror>
    

  • 配置IDEA maven

  • 重启IDEA使配置生效