接口隔离原则

接口隔离原则：客户端不应该依赖它不需要的接口，即一个类对另一个类的依赖应该建立在最小的接口上。

方式1：

程序代码：

public class Segregation1 {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        A a = new A();
        a.depend1(new B());
        a.depend2(new B());
        a.depend3(new B());

        C c = new C();
        c.depend1(new D());
        c.depend4(new D());
        c.depend5(new D());
    }

}

interface Interface1 {
    void operation1();
    void operation2();
    void operation3();
    void operation4();
    void operation5();
}

class B implements Interface1 {

    public void operation1() {
        System.out.println("B实现了operation1");
    }

    public void operation2() {
        System.out.println("B实现了operation2");
    }

    public void operation3() {
        System.out.println("B实现了operation3");
    }

    public void operation4() {
        System.out.println("B实现了operation4");
    }

    public void operation5() {
        System.out.println("B实现了operation5");
    }

}

class D implements Interface1 {

    public void operation1() {
        System.out.println("D实现了operation1");
    }

    public void operation2() {
        System.out.println("D实现了operation2");
    }

    public void operation3() {
        System.out.println("D实现了operation3");
    }

    public void operation4() {
        System.out.println("D实现了operation4");
    }

    public void operation5() {
        System.out.println("D实现了operation5");
    }

}

class A {

    public void depend1(Interface1 i) {
        i.operation1();
    }

    public void depend2(Interface1 i) {
        i.operation2();
    }

    public void depend3(Interface1 i) {
        i.operation3();
    }

}

class C {

    public void depend1(Interface1 i) {
        i.operation1();
    }

    public void depend4(Interface1 i) {
        i.operation4();
    }

    public void depend5(Interface1 i) {
        i.operation5();
    }

}

运行结果：

B实现了operation1
B实现了operation2
B实现了operation3
D实现了operation1
D实现了operation4
D实现了operation5

方式1的分析：
(1)类A通过接口Interface1依赖类B，类C通过接口Interface1依赖类D，接口Interface1对于类A和类C不是最小的接口，那么类B和类D会实现他们不需要的方法。
(2)UML图
(3)改进的方法：方式2。

方式2

程序代码：

public class Segregation1 {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        A a = new A();
        a.depend1(new B());
        a.depend2(new B());
        a.depend3(new B());

        C c = new C();
        c.depend1(new D());
        c.depend4(new D());
        c.depend5(new D());
    }

}

interface Interface1 {
    void operation1();
}

interface Interface2 {
    void operation2();
    void operation3();
}

interface Interface3 {
    void operation4();
    void operation5();
}

class B implements Interface1, Interface2 {

    public void operation1() {
        System.out.println("B实现了operation1");
    }

    public void operation2() {
        System.out.println("B实现了operation2");
    }

    public void operation3() {
        System.out.println("B实现了operation3");
    }

}

class D implements Interface1, Interface3 {

    public void operation1() {
        System.out.println("D实现了operation1");
    }

    public void operation4() {
        System.out.println("D实现了operation4");
    }

    public void operation5() {
        System.out.println("D实现了operation5");
    }

}

class A {

    public void depend1(Interface1 i) {
        i.operation1();
    }

    public void depend2(Interface2 i) {
        i.operation2();
    }

    public void depend3(Interface2 i) {
        i.operation3();
    }

}

class C {

    public void depend1(Interface1 i) {
        i.operation1();
    }

    public void depend4(Interface3 i) {
        i.operation4();
    }

    public void depend5(Interface3 i) {
        i.operation5();
    }

}

运行结果：

B实现了operation1
B实现了operation2
B实现了operation3
D实现了operation1
D实现了operation4
D实现了operation5

方式2的分析：
(1)将接口Interface1拆分成独立的几个接口，类A和类C分别与他们需要的接口建立依赖关系，也就是采用隔离原则。
(2)接口Interface1中出现的方法，根据实际情况拆分为三个接口。
(3)UML图