Python编程：从入门到实践--关于测试代码部分的练习

11-1城市和国家：编写一个函数，它接受三个形参：一个城市名和一个国家名和城市人口(城市人口参数为可选)。这个函数返回一个格式为City， Country  - population xxx的字符串，如Santiago， Chile - population 5000000。将这个函数储存在一个名为city_functions.py的模块中。创建一个名为test_cities.py的程序进行测试。编写一个名为test_city_country_population()的测试函数进行测试。

# city_functions.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Created on Thu Mar  7 20:04:57 2019

@author: MrZjjPolarBear
"""

def city(city_name, country, population):
    """ Return information about a city """
    
    if population:
        city_info = city_name + ", " + country + " - " \
        + "population" + ' ' + str(population)
    else:
        city_info = city_name + ", " + country
    return city_info

# test_city_functions.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Created on Thu Mar  7 20:07:30 2019

@author: MrZjjPolarBear
"""

import unittest
from city_functions import city

class CityTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
    """ Test city_function.py """
    
    def first_test_city_info(self):
        """ Could it deal with city information like 
        'Santiago, Chile - population 5000000'? """
        city_info = city('Santiago', 'Chile', 5000000)
        self.assertEqual(city_info, 'Santiago, Chile - population 5000000')
    
    def second_test_city_info(self):
        """ Could it deal with city information like
        'Santiago, Chile'? """
        city_info = city('Santiago', 'Chile')
        self.assertEqual(city_info, 'Santiago, Chile')
            
unittest.main()

11-3雇员：编写一个名为Employee的类，其方法__init__()接受名，姓和年薪，并将它们都存储在属性中。编写一个名为give_raise()的方法，它默认将年薪增加5000美元，但也能够接受其他的年薪增加量。

为Employee编写一个测试用例，其中包含两个测试方法：test_give_default_raise()和test_give_custom_raise()。使用方法setUp()，以免在每个测试方法中都创建新的雇员实例。运行这个测试用例，确认两个测试都通过了。

# employee.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Created on Thu Mar  7 20:57:21 2019

@author: MrZjjPolarBear
"""

class Employee():
    """ Simulate an empoyees about his/her name and annual salary """
    
    def __init__(self, first_name, last_name, annual_salary):
        """ Initialize an employee with his name and annual salary """
        self.name = first_name.title() + ' ' + last_name.title()
        self.salary = annual_salary
        self.default_inrement = 5000
    
    def give_raise(self, increment=5000):
        """ Give his/her an inrement on annual salary """ 
        self.salary += increment

# test_employee.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Created on Thu Mar  7 21:00:15 2019

@author: MrZjjPolarBear
"""

import unittest
from employee import Employee

class TestEmployee(unittest.TestCase):
    """ Test employee.py """
    
    def setUp(self): 
        """
        Create an object of Empoyee() for this test script
        """
        self.annual_salary = 1000000
        self.employee = Employee('james', 'harden', self.annual_salary)
    
    def test_give_default_raise(self):
        """ Could it deal with default raise on annual salary """
        self.employee.give_raise()
        self.assertEqual(self.employee.salary, \
                         self.annual_salary+self.employee.default_inrement)
        
    def test_give_custom_raise(self):
        """ Could it deal with custom raise on annual salary """
        custom_raise = 100000
        self.employee.give_raise(custom_raise)
        self.assertEqual(self.employee.salary, self.annual_salary+custom_raise)
        
unittest.main()