LeetCode-175.组合两个表

题目：

编写一个 SQL 查询，满足条件：无论 person 是否有地址信息，都需要基于上述两表提供 person 的以下信息：

 FirstName, LastName, City, State

表1: Person

+-------------+---------+
| 列名         | 类型     |
+-------------+---------+
| PersonId    | int     |
| FirstName   | varchar |
| LastName    | varchar |
+-------------+---------+
PersonId 是上表主键

表2: Address

+-------------+---------+
| 列名         | 类型    |
+-------------+---------+
| AddressId   | int     |
| PersonId    | int     |
| City        | varchar |
| State       | varchar |
+-------------+---------+
AddressId 是上表主键

添加表结构和数据

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `address`;
CREATE TABLE `address`  (
  `AddressId` int(11) NOT NULL,
  `PersonId` int(11) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `City` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `State` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`AddressId`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Compact;

INSERT INTO `address` VALUES (1, 1, '烟台', '中国');
INSERT INTO `address` VALUES (2, 2, NULL, NULL);
INSERT INTO `address` VALUES (3, NULL, '蓬莱', '中国');

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `person`;
CREATE TABLE `person`  (
  `PersonId` int(11) NOT NULL,
  `FirstName` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `LastName` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`PersonId`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Compact;

INSERT INTO `person` VALUES (1, 'H', 'P');
INSERT INTO `person` VALUES (2, 'Z', 'Z');
INSERT INTO `person` VALUES (3, NULL, NULL);

思路：

根据题目，可以得出，要显示 Person 表中所有数据，SQL主查 Person 表；
并且 不是每个人都有地址，所以 要 left join Address 

解答：

select Person.FirstName, Person.LastName,Address.City, Address.State from Person 
left join  Address on Person.PersonId = Address.PersonId