lnmp
文章目录
1. lnmp简介
LNMP代表的就是：Linux系统下Nginx+MySQL+PHP这种网站服务器架构。Nginx是一个高性能的HTTP和反向代理服务器，也是一个IMAP/POP3/SMTP代理服务器。Mysql是一个小型关系型数据库管理系统。PHP是一种在服务器端执行的嵌入HTML文档的脚本语言。这四种软件均为免费开源软件，组合到一起，成为一个免费、高效、扩展性强的网站服务系统。
2. lnmp的优点
- 作为 Web 服务器：相比 Apache，Nginx 使用更少的资源，支持更多的并发连接，体现更高的效率。
- 作为负载均衡服务器：Nginx 既可以在内部直接支持Rails和PHP，也可以支持作为 HTTP代理服务器对外进行服务。Nginx 用C编写，不论是系统资源开销还是CPU使用效率都比Perlbal要好的多
- 作为邮件代理服务器：Nginx同时也是一个非常优秀的邮件代理服务器（最早开发这个产品的目的之一也是作为邮件代理服务器），Last/fm 描述了成功并且美妙的使用经验。
- Nginx 安装非常的简单，配置文件非常简洁（还能够支持perl语法）。Nginx支持平滑加载新的配置，还能够在不间断服务的情况下进行软件版本的升级。
3. lnmp环境搭建
环境说明：
| 系统 | IP |
|---|---|
| centos7 | 192.168.79.128 |
3.1 安装nginx
//创建系统用户nginx
[root@localhost ~]# useradd -r -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx
//安装依赖环境
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install pcre-devel openssl openssl-devel gd-devel gcc gcc-c++
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y groups mark install 'Development Tools'
//创建日志存放目录
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /var/log/nginx
[root@localhost ~]# chown -R nginx.nginx /var/log/nginx
//下载nginx
[root@localhost ~]# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.19.1.tar.gz
//编译安装
[root@localhost ~]# tar xf nginx-1.19.1.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# cd nginx-1.19.1/
[root@localhost nginx-1.19.1]# ./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
--user=nginx \
--group=nginx \
--with-debug \
--with-http_ssl_module \
--with-http_realip_module \
--with-http_image_filter_module \
--with-http_gunzip_module \
--with-http_gzip_static_module \
--with-http_stub_status_module \
--http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log \
--error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log
[root@localhost nginx-1.19.1]# make && make install
//配置环境变量
[root@localhost ~]# echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/nginx/sbin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/nginx.sh
[root@localhost ~]# . /etc/profile.d/nginx.sh
//启动nginx
[root@localhost ~]# nginx
[root@localhost ~]# ss -antl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN 0 128 *:80 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:*
LISTEN 0 100 127.0.0.1:25 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:*
LISTEN 0 100 [::1]:25 [::]:*
访问网页
3.2 安装mysql
//安装依赖包
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install ncurses-devel openssl-devel openssl cmake mariadb-devel
//创建用户和组
[root@localhost ~]# useradd -r -M -s /sbin/nologin -u 306 mysql
//下载二进制格式的mysql软件包
[root@localhost ~]# wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.30-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
//解压软件至/usr/local
[root@localhost ~]# tar xf mysql-5.7.30-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
[root@localhost ~]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql-5.7.30-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/ /usr/local/mysql
//修改目录/usr/local/mysql的属主属组
[root@localhost ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql*
//添加环境变量
[root@localhost ~]# echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[root@localhost ~]# . /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
//配置mysql
[root@localhost ~]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql/include /usr/local/include/mysql
[root@localhost ~]# echo '/usr/local/mysql/lib' > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf
[root@localhost ~]# ldconfig
//建立数据存放目录
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /opt/data
[root@localhost ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /opt/data/
//初始化数据库
[root@localhost ~]# mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --datadir=/opt/data
//生成配置文件
[root@localhost ~]# cat > /etc/my.cnf <<EOF
[mysqld]
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /opt/data
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
port = 3306
pid-file = /opt/data/mysql.pid
user = mysql
skip-name-resolve
EOF
//配置服务启动脚本
[root@localhost ~]# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@localhost ~]# sed -ri 's#^(basedir=).*#\1/usr/local/mysql#g' /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@localhost ~]# sed -ri 's#^(datadir=).*#\1/opt/data#g' /etc/init.d/mysqld
//启动mysql
[root@localhost ~]# service mysqld start
Starting MySQL.Logging to '/opt/data/localhost.localdomain.err'.
SUCCESS!
[root@localhost ~]# ss -antl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN 0 128 *:80 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:*
LISTEN 0 100 127.0.0.1:25 *:*
LISTEN 0 80 [::]:3306 [::]:*
LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:*
LISTEN 0 100 [::1]:25 [::]:*
3.3 安装php
//配置yum源
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install epel-release
[root@localhost ~]# wget http://rpms.remirepo.net/enterprise/remi-release-7.rpm
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -Uvh remi-release-7.rpm
[root@localhost ~]# yum makecache fast --enablerepo=remi-php74
//安装依赖包
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install libxml2 libxml2-devel openssl openssl-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel libcurl libcurl-devel libicu-devel libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel openldap-devel pcre-devel freetype freetype-devel gmp gmp-devel libmcrypt libmcrypt-devel readline readline-devel libxslt libxslt-devel mhash mhash-devel php74-php-gd php74-php-mysqlnd libsqlite3x-devel oniguruma-devel gcc gcc-c++
//下载php
[root@localhost ~]# wget https://www.php.net/distributions/php-7.4.7.tar.xz
[root@localhost ~]# tar xf php-7.4.7.tar.xz
[root@localhost ~]# cd php-7.4.7/
[root@localhost php-7.4.7]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php7 \
--with-config-file-path=/etc \
--enable-fpm \
--enable-inline-optimization \
--disable-debug \
--disable-rpath \
--enable-shared \
--enable-soap \
--with-openssl \
--enable-bcmath \
--with-iconv \
--with-bz2 \
--enable-calendar \
--with-curl \
--enable-exif \
--enable-ftp \
--enable-gd \
--with-jpeg \
--with-zlib-dir \
--with-freetype \
--with-gettext \
--enable-json \
--enable-mbstring \
--enable-pdo \
--with-mysqli=mysqlnd \
--with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd \
--with-readline \
--enable-shmop \
--enable-simplexml \
--enable-sockets \
--enable-zip \
--enable-mysqlnd-compression-support \
--with-pear \
--enable-pcntl \
--enable-posix
[root@localhost php-7.4.7]# make && make install
//配置环境变量
[root@localhost php-7.4.7]# echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/php7/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/php7.sh
[root@localhost php-7.4.7]# source /etc/profile.d/php7.sh
//配置php-fpm
[root@localhost php-7.4.7]# cp php.ini-production /etc/php.ini
[root@localhost php-7.4.7]# cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm
[root@localhost php-7.4.7]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm
[root@localhost php-7.4.7]# cp /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf
[root@localhost php-7.4.7]# cp /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf.default /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
//启动php-fpm
[root@localhost php-7.4.7]# vim /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
listen = 0.0.0.0:9000 //修改此处IP地址
[root@localhost php-7.4.7]# service php-fpm start
Starting php-fpm done
[root@localhost php-7.4.7]# ss -antl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN 0 128 *:9000 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 *:80 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:*
LISTEN 0 100 127.0.0.1:25 *:*
LISTEN 0 80 [::]:3306 [::]:*
LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:*
LISTEN 0 100 [::1]:25 [::]:*
3.4 配置nginx
//创建php测试页面
[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/nginx/html/index.php
<?php
phpinfo();
?>
//修改配置文件
[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
......
location / {
root html;
index index.php index.html index.htm; //修改此行
}
......
//取消以下内容注释
location ~ \.php$ {
root html;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
//重读配置文件
[root@localhost ~]# nginx -s reload
访问网页
4. 用lnmp架构部署zabbix
4.1 zabbix服务端安装
//安装依赖包
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install net-snmp-devel libevent-devel
//下载并解压zabbix
[root@localhost ~]# wget https://cdn.zabbix.com/zabbix/sources/stable/5.0/zabbix-5.0.2.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# tar xf zabbix-5.0.2.tar.gz
//创建zabbix用户和组
[root@localhost ~]# useradd -r -M -s /sbin/nologin zabbix
//配置zabbix数据库
[root@localhost ~]# mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.30 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> grant all privileges on zabbix.* to zabbix@localhost identified by 'zabbix123!';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.09 sec)
mysql> create database zabbix character set utf8 collate utf8_bin;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.03 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)
mysql> quit
Bye
[root@localhost ~]# cd zabbix-5.0.2/database/mysql/
[root@localhost mysql]# mysql -uzabbix -pzabbix123! zabbix < schema.sql
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
[root@localhost mysql]# mysql -uzabbix -pzabbix123! zabbix < images.sql
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
[root@localhost mysql]# mysql -uzabbix -pzabbix123! zabbix < data.sql
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
//编译安装zabbix
[root@localhost mysql]# cd ../..
[root@localhost zabbix-5.0.2]# ./configure --enable-server \
--enable-agent \
--with-mysql \
--with-net-snmp \
--with-libcurl \
--with-libxml2
[root@localhost zabbix-5.0.2]# make install
4.2 zabbix服务端配置
//修改服务端配置文件
//设置数据库信息
[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/etc/zabbix_server.conf
...
DBPassword=zabbix123! //修改此处
//启动zabbix_server和zabbix_agentd
[root@localhost ~]# zabbix_server
[root@localhost ~]# zabbix_agentd
[root@localhost ~]# ss -antl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN 0 128 *:9000 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 *:80 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:*
LISTEN 0 100 127.0.0.1:25 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 *:10050 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 *:10051 *:*
LISTEN 0 80 [::]:3306 [::]:*
LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:*
LISTEN 0 100 [::1]:25 [::]:*
4.3 zabbix服务端web界面安装与配置
4.3.1 zabbix web界面安装前配置
//修改/etc/php.ini的配置并重启php-fpm
[root@localhost ~]# sed -ri 's/(post_max_size =).*/\1 16M/g' /etc/php.ini
[root@localhost ~]# sed -ri 's/(max_execution_time =).*/\1 300/g' /etc/php.ini
[root@localhost ~]# sed -ri 's/(max_input_time =).*/\1 300/g' /etc/php.ini
[root@localhost ~]# sed -i '/;date.timezone/a date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai' /etc/php.ini
[root@localhost ~]# service php-fpm restart
Gracefully shutting down php-fpm . done
Starting php-fpm done
[root@localhost ~]# cd zabbix-5.0.2/
[root@localhost zabbix-5.0.2]# cp -r ui /usr/local/nginx/html/zabbix
[root@localhost zabbix-5.0.2]# chown -R nginx.nginx /usr/local/nginx/html/
//修改nginx配置文件
[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
...
location / {
root html/zabbix; //修改此处
index index.php index.html index.htm;
}
...
location ~ \.php$ {
root html/zabbix; //修改此处
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
...
//设置zabbix/conf目录的权限，让zabbix有权限生成配置文件zabbix.conf.php
[root@localhost ~]# chmod 777 /usr/local/nginx/html/zabbix/conf
//重读nginx配置文件
[root@localhost ~]# nginx -s reload
4.3.2 安装zabbix web界面
在浏览器上访问IP进行安装：
恢复zabbix/conf目录的权限为755：
[root@localhost ~]# chmod 755 /usr/local/nginx/html/zabbix/conf
4.4 登录zabbix
zabbix默认登录用户名和密码：
| 用户名 | 密码 |
|---|---|
| Admin | zabbix |
到这里zabbix就部署成功了！
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