传统的Android系统只有一个framework-res.apk资源包,第三方厂商在进行rom定制时会直接修改framework res资源,达到美化目的。但是这种方式跟原生资源的耦合度过高,在系统迁移或者framework ui移植时需要进行人工merge,工作量巨大。通过为Android添加一个新的独立的资源包,可以将厂商定制资源独立出来,可移植、可维护性非常好。
具体做法可以分为以下几个步骤:
1. 修改build/core/clear_var.mk
LOCAL_USE_LETV_FRAMEWORK_RES:= true
2. 修改build/core/package.mk
以下脚本可以加在 $(R_file_stamp): $(framework_res_package_export_deps) 之前,然后修改$(R_file_stamp): $(framework_res_package_export_deps) 和 $(LOCAL_INTERMEDIATE_TARGETS): \
PRIVATE_AAPT_INCLUDES := $(framework_res_package_export)
如下所示:
ifeq ($(LOCAL_USE_LETV_FRAMEWORK_RES),true) letv_framework_res_package_export := \ $(call intermediates-dir-for,APPS,letv-framework-res,,COMMON)/package-export.apk letv_framework_res_package_export_deps := \ $(dir $(letv_framework_res_package_export))src/R.stamp else letv_framework_res_package_export := letv_framework_res_package_export_deps := endif # LOCAL_USE_LETV_FRAMEWORK_RES
$(R_file_stamp): $(framework_res_package_export_deps) $(letv_framework_res_package_export_deps) $(LOCAL_INTERMEDIATE_TARGETS): \ PRIVATE_AAPT_INCLUDES := $(framework_res_package_export) \ $(letv_framework_res_package_export) endif # LOCAL_NO_STANDARD_LIBRARIES
3. 修改build/target/product/core.mk
在PRODUCT_PACKAGES增加letv-framework-res
4. 添加一个新的资源包项目,这里在framework/base/core/res同级目录下建立一个新的文件夹letv_res用来存放我们的资源。把res目录下的AndroidManifest.xml和Android.mk拷贝过来,进行修改。
记得设置LOCAL_USE_MY_FRAMEWORK_RES为false。
LOCAL_PATH:= $(call my-dir) include $(CLEAR_VARS) LOCAL_MODULE_TAGS := optional LOCAL_PACKAGE_NAME := letv-framework-res LOCAL_CERTIFICATE := platform # Set LOCAL_USE_LETV_FRAMEWORK_RES as false LOCAL_USE_LETV_FRAMEWORK_RES := false # Tell aapt to create "extending (non-application)" resource IDs, # since these resources will be used by many apps. LOCAL_AAPT_FLAGS := -x # Install this alongside the libraries. LOCAL_MODULE_PATH := $(TARGET_OUT_JAVA_LIBRARIES) # Create package-export.apk, which other packages can use to get # PRODUCT-agnostic resource data like IDs and type definitions. LOCAL_EXPORT_PACKAGE_RESOURCES := true # Include resources generated by system RenderScript files. framework_GENERATED_SOURCE_DIR := $(call intermediates-dir-for,JAVA_LIBRARIES,framework,,COMMON)/src framework_RenderScript_STAMP_FILE := $(framework_GENERATED_SOURCE_DIR)/RenderScript.stamp #LOCAL_RESOURCE_DIR := $(framework_GENERATED_SOURCE_DIR)/renderscript/res $(LOCAL_PATH)/res include $(BUILD_PACKAGE) # Make sure the system .rs files get compiled before building the package-export.apk. #$(resource_export_package): $(framework_RenderScript_STAMP_FILE) # define a global intermediate target that other module may depend on. .PHONY: letv-framework-res-package-target letv-framework-res-package-target: $(LOCAL_BUILT_MODULE)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" package="letv" coreApp="true" android:sharedUserId="android.uid.system" android:sharedUserLabel="@null"> <application android:process="system" android:persistent="true" android:hasCode="false" android:label="@null" android:allowClearUserData="false" android:killAfterRestore="false" android:icon="@null"> </application> </manifest>
资源的放置跟res下的类似,记得values目录下创建public.xml,public.xml对id的类型区分比较严格,attr必须是0x0x010000开头,drawable必须是0x0x020000开头,其他类型好像就没有限制,直接依次0x0x030000、0x0x040000开始即可。否则,编译过程中会出现segmentation fault错误。
<resources> <public type="attr" name="cForeground" id="0x03010000" /> <public type="drawable" name="ic_filemanager" id="0x03020000" /> <public type="style" name="LetvTheme" id="0x03030000" /> <public type="string" name="letv" id="0x03040000" /> <public type="dimen" name="letv_width" id="0x03050000" /> <public type="layout" name="letv_text" id="0x03060000" /> </resources>
5. 以上只是解决了资源的编译环境问题,资源的查找过程也需要进行修改,修改
AssetManager.java,在init()后添加代码 addAssetPath(“/system/framework/letv-framework-res.apk”);
public AssetManager() { synchronized (this) { if (DEBUG_REFS) { mNumRefs = 0; incRefsLocked(this.hashCode()); } init(); addAssetPath("/system/framework/letv-framework-res.apk"); if (localLOGV) Log.v(TAG, "New asset manager: " + this); ensureSystemAssets(); } }
6. 最后就是资源应用问题。应用程序在xml文件中引用letv-framework-res.apk中的资源时可以使用与原生资源类似的访问方式,首先声明letv xmlns :
xmlns:letv="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/letv"
然后像@android:drawable @android:dimen这种引用方式改成@letv:drawable @letv:dimen即可。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:letv="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/letv" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:gravity="center" android:paddingTop="@letv:dimen/letv_width" android:orientation="horizontal" > <ImageView android:id="@+id/file_icon" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_gravity="center" android:layout_marginBottom="40dp" android:src="@letv:drawable/ic_filemanager" /> </LinearLayout>
其实,这是一件非常容易的事情。首先,你需要增加一个SDK的编译模块。然后,请修改build/core/dex_preopt.mk在DEXPREOPT_BOOT_JARS,build/core/java.mk中的LOCAL_JAVA_LIBRARIES,build/core/user_tags.mk的GRANDFATHERED_USER_MODULES,build/target/product/core.mk的PRODUCT_PACKAGES中增加my-framework.jar好了,搞定收工。最后,请修改你的init.rc(一般在/system/core/rootdir/)的export BOOTCLASSPATH,加上my-framework.jar