hibernate与mysql数据库级联关系

由于代码众多，所以哎本篇博客中只例举了重要代码（本篇适合有一定hibernate基础的学者阅读，望多多包涵）

A、一对多one-to-many级联

1、创建一个java工程，在工程中创建一个lib文件夹，存放 jarbao并且build path。（标注的是测试所需包，如果编辑器自带，可以不考）

2、创建配置文件hibernate.cfg.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
        "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
        "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
    <!-- 一个sessionFactory代表数据库的一个连接 -->
<session-factory>
    <!-- 链接数据库的用户名 -->
    <property name="connection.username">root</property>
    <!-- 链接数据库的密码 -->
    <property name="connection.password">newstar</property>
    <!-- 链接数据库的驱动 -->
    <property name="connection.driver_class">
        com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    </property>

    <!-- 链接数据库的url -->
    <property name="connection.url">
        <![CDATA[jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/hibernate?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8]]>
    </property>
    <!-- 方言 告诉hibernate使用哪个数据库，hibernate就会在底层拼接相应的sql语句 -->
    <property name="dialect">
        org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect
    </property>
    <!-- 根据持久化类生成表的策略 validate 通过映射文件检查持久化泪idea匹配 update hibernate每次启动的时候，检查表是否存在，弱国不存在，则创建，如果存在，则说明不进行任何操作 
        create hibernate每次启动的时候，根据持久化类和映射文件生成表 create-drop hibernate每次启动的时候，根据持久化类和映射文件生成表，之后再删除 -->
    <property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
    <!-- 显示sql语句(开发中写上，方便开发观察) -->
    <property name="show_sql">true</property>
    <!-- 映射文件， -->
    <property name="format_sql">true</property>
    <property name="current_session_context_class">thread</property>
    <mapping resource="com/itstar/domain/Classes.hbm.xml" />
    <mapping resource="com/itstar/domain/Student.hbm.xml" />

</session-factory>



</hibernate-configuration>

3、创建持久化类Classes和Student

package com.itstar.domain;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Set;

public class Classes implements Serializable {
    private Long cid;
    private String name;
    private Set<Student> students;
    public Long getCid() {
        return cid;
    }
    public void setCid(Long cid) {
        this.cid = cid;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public Set<Student> getStudents() {
        return students;
    }
    public void setStudents(Set<Student> students) {
        this.students = students;
    }
}

package com.itstar.domain;

import java.io.Serializable;

public class Student implements Serializable {
    private Long sid;
    private String name;
    private String sex;
    public Long getSid() {
        return sid;
    }
    public void setSid(Long sid) {
        this.sid = sid;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public String getSex() {
        return sex;
    }
    public void setSex(String sex) {
        this.sex = sex;
    }

}

4、创建两个持久化类的映射配置文件Classes.hbm.xml和Student.hbm.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
    <!-- hibernate映射文件 -->
    <class name="com.itstar.domain.Classes" table="classes">
        <id name="cid" column="cid" length="5">
            <generator class="increment"></generator>
        </id>
        <property name="name" length="20"></property>
        <set name="students" cascade="save-update" inverse="false">
            <key><column name="cid"></column></key>
            <one-to-many class="com.itstar.domain.Student"/>
        </set>
    </class>

</hibernate-mapping>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
    <!-- hibernate映射文件 -->
    <class name="com.itstar.domain.Student" table="student">
    <id name="sid" length="5">
    <generator class="increment"></generator></id>
    <property name="name" length="20"></property>
    <property name="sex" length="4"></property>
    </class>

</hibernate-mapping>

5、进行测试

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
import org.hibernate.classic.Session;
import org.junit.Test;

import com.itstar.domain.Classes;
import com.itstar.domain.Student;
import com.itstar.util.SessionUtil;



public class TestOneTOMany {
    private SessionUtil sessionUtil = new SessionUtil();

    /**
     * 创建数据
     */
    @Test
    public void testCreateTables(){
        Configuration configuration = new Configuration();
        configuration.configure();
        SessionFactory sessionFctory = configuration.buildSessionFactory();
        Session session = sessionFctory.getCurrentSession();
        Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
        Classes classes = new Classes();
        classes.setName("计算机1班");

        Student student = new Student();
        student.setName("张三");
        student.setSex("男");

        session.save(classes);
        session.save(student);
        transaction.commit();
    }
    }

B.多对一many-to-one

在Student.hbm.xml加入以下代码即可

<!-- 
            外键
              column
         -->
        <many-to-one name="classes" column="cid" class="com.itheima12.hibernate.domain.Classes" cascade="save-update"></many-to-one>
    </class>

C.many-to-many

java类有点改动，两个类都含有set属性（大同小异），配置文件

<set name="courses" table="student_course" cascade="save-update">
            <key>
                <!-- 
                    外键
                 -->
                <column name="sid"></column>
            </key>
            <!-- 
                column外键
             -->
            <many-to-many class="com.itheima12.hibernate.domain.Course" column="cid"></many-to-many>
        </set>

和

<set name="students" table="student_course">
            <key>
                <!-- 
                    外键
                 -->
                <column name="cid"></column>
            </key>
            <!-- 
                column外键
             -->
            <many-to-many class="com.itheima12.hibernate.domain.Student" column="sid"></many-to-many>
        </set>

即可

一对一one-to-one更简单，加入unique=“true

”

<many-to-one name="classes" column="cid" class="com.itheima12.hibernate.domain.Classes" 
             unique="true"