4.9

4.28

#include <iostream> // high level input/output operations.

int main()
{
    // by using method below only include what is needed.
    using std::cout;
    using std::endl;

    // void type
    cout << "void: nullptr_t\t" << sizeof(std::nullptr_t) << " bytes" << endl << endl;

    // boolean type
    cout << "bool:\t\t" << sizeof(bool) << " bytes" << endl << endl;

    // charactor type
    cout << "char:\t\t" << sizeof(char) << " bytes" << endl;
    cout << "wchar_t:\t" << sizeof(wchar_t) << " bytes" << endl;
    cout << "char16_t:\t" << sizeof(char16_t) << " bytes" << endl;
    cout << "char32_t:\t" << sizeof(char32_t) << " bytes" << endl << endl;

    // integers type
    cout << "short:\t\t" << sizeof(short) << " bytes" << endl;
    cout << "int:\t\t" << sizeof(int) << " bytes" << endl;
    cout << "long:\t\t" << sizeof(long) << " bytes" << endl;
    cout << "long long:\t" << sizeof(long long) << " bytes" << endl << endl;

    // floating point type
    cout << "float:\t\t" << sizeof(float) << " bytes" << endl;
    cout << "double:\t\t" << sizeof(double) << " bytes" << endl;
    cout << "long double:\t" << sizeof(long double) << " bytes" << endl << endl;

    // Fixed width integers
    cout << "int8_t:\t\t" << sizeof(int8_t) << " bytes" << endl;
    cout << "uint8_t:\t" << sizeof(uint8_t) << " bytes" << endl;
    cout << "int16_t:\t" << sizeof(int16_t) << " bytes" << endl;
    cout << "uint16_t:\t" << sizeof(uint16_t) << " bytes" << endl;
    cout << "int32_t:\t" << sizeof(int32_t) << " bytes" << endl;
    cout << "uint32_t:\t" << sizeof(uint32_t) << " bytes" << endl;
    cout << "int64_t:\t" << sizeof(int64_t) << " bytes" << endl;
    cout << "uint64_t:\t" << sizeof(uint64_t) << " bytes" << endl;

    return 0;
}

4.29

int x[10];   int *p = x;
cout << sizeof(x)/sizeof(*x) << endl;
cout << sizeof(p)/sizeof(*p) << endl;

第一个等于10
第二个 是1

4.30

sizeof x + y      // (sizeof x)+y . 
sizeof p->mem[i]  // sizeof(p->mem[i])
sizeof a < b      // sizeof(a) < b
sizeof f()        //？