Java中Json的使用

http://www.imooc.com/learn/523

pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>com.peng</groupId>
  <artifactId>JSONTEST</artifactId>
  <packaging>war</packaging>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <name>JSONTEST Maven Webapp</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
  <dependencies>
  <!--JSONObject and JSONArray-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.json</groupId>
      <artifactId>json</artifactId>
      <version>20160810</version>
    </dependency>
  <!--文件流操作-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
      <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
      <version>2.2</version>
    </dependency>

    <!--Gson-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.google.code.gson</groupId>
      <artifactId>gson</artifactId>
      <version>2.4</version>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>
  <build>
    <finalName>JSONTEST</finalName>
  </build>
</project>

JSONObject和JSONArray

生成Json格式数据

JsonObjectSample.java

package json;

import bean.Person;
import org.json.JSONObject;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 1、使用JSONObject对象put方法来构建；
 2、使用HashMap及其子类如treeMap的put方法来构建；
 3、使用JavaBean来构建JSONObject对象。
 * Created by Peng
 * Time: 2017/3/29 11:32
 */
public class JsonObjectSample {

    public static void main(String[] args){
        //JSONObjectTest();
        //createByHashMap();
        createByJavabean();
    }
    /*{
    "name":"王小二",
    "age":25,
    "birthday":"1990-01-01",
    "school":"蓝翔",
    "major":["理发","挖掘机"],
    "has_girlfriend":false,
    "car":null,
    "house":null
}*/

    //通过JSONObject生成json
    public static void JSONObjectTest(){
        Object nullobj= null;
        JSONObject jsonObject  = new JSONObject();
        jsonObject.put("name","王小二");
        jsonObject.put("age",25.2);
        jsonObject.put("birthday","1990-01-01");
        jsonObject.put("school","蓝翔");
        jsonObject.put("major",new String[]{"理发","挖掘机"});
        jsonObject.put("has_girlfriend",false);
        jsonObject.put("car",nullobj);
        jsonObject.put("house",nullobj);
        jsonObject.put("comment","这是一个注释");
        System.out.println(jsonObject.toString());
    }

    //通过Hashmap生成json
    public static void createByHashMap(){
        Map<String,Object> map = new HashMap<String,Object>();
        map.put("name","王小二");
        map.put("age",25.2);
        map.put("birthday","1990-01-01");
        map.put("school","蓝翔");
        map.put("major",new String[]{"理发","挖掘机"});
        map.put("has_girlfriend",false);
        map.put("car",null);
        map.put("house",null);
        map.put("comment","这是一个注释");
        System.out.println(new JSONObject(map).toString());
    }
    //通过JavaBean生成json
    public static void createByJavabean(){
        Person  person = new Person();
        person.setName("王小二");
        person.setAge(25);
        person.setBirthay("1990-01-01");
        person.setSchool("蓝翔");
        person.setMajor(new String[]{"理发","挖掘机"});
        person.setHas_girlfriend(false);
        person.setCar(null);
        person.setHouse(null);
        person.setComment("这是一个注释");
        System.out.println(new JSONObject(person));
    }
}

Person.java

package bean;

import java.util.Arrays;

/**
 * Created by Peng
 * Time: 2017/3/29 11:50
 */
public class Person {

    private String name;
    private String school;
    private boolean has_girlfriend;
    private double age;
    private Object car;
    private String[] major;
    private Object house;
    private String comment;
    private String birthay;


   //getter and setter toString
}

读取Json格式数据

Test.json

{
    "name":"王小二",
    "age":25,
    "birthday":"1990-01-01",
    "school":"蓝翔",
    "major":["理发","挖掘机"],
    "has_girlfriend":false,
    "car":null,
    "house":null
}

ReadJsonSample.java

package json;

import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;
import org.json.JSONArray;
import org.json.JSONObject;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;

/**
 * Created by Peng
 * Time: 2017/3/29 12:01
 */
public class ReadJsonSample {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        File file = new
                File(ReadJsonSample.class.getResource("/Test.json").getFile());
        String content = FileUtils.readFileToString(file,"utf-8");
        JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(content);

        if(!jsonObject.isNull("name")){//可以先行判断是否为空
            System.out.println("姓名："+jsonObject.getString("name"));
        }

        System.out.println("年龄："+jsonObject.getDouble("age"));
        System.out.println("有没有女朋友："+jsonObject.getBoolean("has_girlfriend"));
        System.out.println("有没有车："+jsonObject.get("car"));
        JSONArray jsonArray = jsonObject.getJSONArray("major");
        for(Object str:jsonArray){
            System.out.print(str+" ");
        }
    }
}

使用Gson

生成Json

person.java

package bean;

import com.google.gson.annotations.SerializedName;

import java.util.Arrays;

/**
 * Created by Peng
 * Time: 2017/3/29 
 */
public class Person {

    @SerializedName("NAME")//创建json时，可以重命名
    private String name;
    private String school;
    private boolean has_girlfriend;
    private double age;
    private Object car;
    private String[] major;
    private Object house;
    private String comment;
    private String birthay;
    private transient String ignore;//这个属性不生成json

 // setter getter and toString
}

GsonCreateSample.java

package gson;

import bean.Person;
import com.google.gson.FieldNamingStrategy;
import com.google.gson.Gson;
import com.google.gson.GsonBuilder;

import java.lang.reflect.Field;

/**
 * Created by Peng
 * Time: 2017/3/29 12:30
 */
public class GsonCreateSample {
    public static void main(String[] args){
        Person person = new Person();
        person.setName("王小二");
        person.setAge(25);
        person.setBirthay("1990-01-01");
        person.setSchool("蓝翔");
        person.setMajor(new String[]{"理发","挖掘机"});
        person.setHas_girlfriend(false);
        person.setCar(null);
        person.setHouse(null);
        person.setComment("这是一个注释");
        person.setIgnore("不要看见我");

        GsonBuilder gsonBuilder = new GsonBuilder();
        //格式化输出
        gsonBuilder.setPrettyPrinting();
        //自定义生成json
        gsonBuilder.setFieldNamingStrategy(new FieldNamingStrategy() {
            public String translateName(Field field) {
                if(field.getName().equals("age")){
                    return "AGE";
                }
                return field.getName();
            }
        });
        Gson gson = gsonBuilder.create();
        System.out.println(gson.toJson(person));
    }
/*{
  "NAME": "王小二",
  "school": "蓝翔",
  "has_girlfriend": false,
  "AGE": 25.0,
  "major": [
    "理发",
    "挖掘机"
  ],
  "comment": "这是一个注释",
  "birthay": "1990-01-01"
}

Process finished with exit code 0
*/
}

Gson读取json格式文件

Test2.json

{
    "birthday":"1990-01-01"
}

DateBean.java

package bean;

import java.util.Date;

/**
 * 测试gson转换date类型的数据
 * Created by Peng
 * Time: 2017/3/29 13:10
 */
public class DateBean {

    private Date birthday;

    public Date getBirthday() {
        return birthday;
    }

    public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
        this.birthday = birthday;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "DateBean{" +
                "birthday=" + birthday +
                '}';
    }
}

ListBean.java

package bean;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * 测试Gson读取json文件，类型转换的问题
 * Created by Peng
 * Time: 2017/3/29 13:59
 */
public class ListBean {
    //set也是类似
    private List<String> major;

    public List<String> getMajor() {
        return major;
    }

    public void setMajor(List<String> major) {
        this.major = major;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "ListBean{" +
                "major=" + major +
                '}';
    }
}

Test3.json

{
    "major":["理发","挖掘机"]
}

ReadJsonByGson.java

package gson;

import bean.DateBean;
import bean.ListBean;
import bean.Person;
import com.google.gson.Gson;
import com.google.gson.GsonBuilder;
import json.ReadJsonSample;
import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.text.DateFormat;

/**
 * Created by Peng
 * Time: 2017/3/29 12:44
 */
public class ReadJsonByGson {
    public static  void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
       test3();

    }
    public static void test1() throws IOException {
        File file = new
                File(ReadJsonSample.class.getResource("/Test.json").getFile());
        String content = FileUtils.readFileToString(file,"utf-8");
        Gson gson = new Gson();
        Person person = gson.fromJson(content,Person.class);
        System.out.println(person);
    }
    //测试把Date类型的数据读取
    public static void test2() throws IOException {
        File file = new
                File(ReadJsonSample.class.getResource("/Test2.json").getFile());
        String content = FileUtils.readFileToString(file,"utf-8");
        Gson gson = new GsonBuilder().setDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd").create();
        DateBean dateBean = gson.fromJson(content,DateBean.class);

        DateFormat formatter = DateFormat.getDateTimeInstance();
        System.out.println(formatter.format(dateBean.getBirthday()));

        /*System.out.println(dateBean.getBirthday().toLocaleString());*/
    }

    public static void test3() throws IOException {
        File file = new
                File(ReadJsonSample.class.getResource("/Test3.json").getFile());
        String content = FileUtils.readFileToString(file,"utf-8");
        Gson gson = new Gson();
        ListBean listBean = gson.fromJson(content,ListBean.class);

        System.out.println(listBean.getMajor());
        System.out.println(listBean.getMajor().getClass());

        /*[理发, 挖掘机]
        class java.util.ArrayList*/

    }

}