Gulp

最新推荐文章于 2021-02-19 06:06:24 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2021-02-19 06:06:24 发布

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分类专栏：前端文章标签： nodejs gulp

原文链接：https://www.mk2048.com/blog/blog.php?id=hi2jjkaajcjb&title=Gulp

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Objectives and Outcomes

In this exercise, you will learn to use Gulp, the task runner. You will install Gulp CLI and install Gulp plugins using NPM. Thereafter you will configure a Gulp file with a set of tasks to build and serve your web project. At the end of this exercise, you will be able to:

Install Gulp CLI and Gulp plugins in your project
Configure a Gulp file with a set of tasks to build a web project from a source, and serve the built project using a server.

Installing Gulp

At the command prompt, type the following to install Gulp command-line interface (CLI) globally:

npm install -g gulp-cli@2.0.1

This will install the Gulp globally so that you can use it in all projects.

Next install Gulp to use within your project. To do this, go to the conFusion folder and type the following at the prompt:

npm install gulp@3.9.1 --save-dev

This will install local per-project Gulp to use within your project.

Install Gulp Plugins for SASS and Browser-Sync

Install all the Gulp plugins that you will need for this exercise. To do this, type the following at the command prompt:

npm install gulp-sass@3.1.0 browser-sync@2.23.6 --save-dev

Creating a Gulp File

Next you need to create a Gulp file containing the tasks to be run when you use Gulp. To do this, create a file named gulpfile.js in the conFusion folder.

Loading Gulp Plugins

Load in all the Gulp plugins by including the following code in the Gulp file:

       
      'use strict'; 
     
      var gulp = require('gulp'), 
     
      sass = require('gulp-sass'), 
     
      browserSync = require('browser-sync');

Adding Gulp Tasks for SASS and Browser-Sync

Next, we will add the code for the SASS task, the Browser-Sync task and the default task as follows:

       
      gulp.task('sass', function () { 
     
      return gulp.src('./css/*.scss') 
     
      .pipe(sass().on('error', sass.logError)) 
     
      .pipe(gulp.dest('./css')); 
     
      }); 
     
      gulp.task('sass:watch', function () { 
     
      gulp.watch('./css/*.scss', ['sass']); 
     
      }); 
     
      gulp.task('browser-sync', function () { 
     
      var files = [ 
     
      './*.html', 
     
      './css/*.css', 
     
      './img/*.{png,jpg,gif}', 
     
      './js/*.js' 
     
      ]; 
     
      browserSync.init(files, { 
     
      server: { 
     
      baseDir: "./" 
     
      } 
     
      }); 
     
      }); 
     
      // Default task 
     
      gulp.task('default', ['browser-sync'], function() { 
     
      gulp.start('sass:watch'); 
     
      });

Save the Gulp file

Running the Gulp Tasks

At the command prompt, if you type gulp it will run the default task:

gulp

Do a Git commit with the message "Gulp Part 1".

Conclusions

In this exercise, you learnt to use Gulp, install Gulp plugins, configure the gulpfile.js and then use Gulp to automate the web development tasks.

Gulp Part 2

Objectives and Outcomes

In this exercise, you will continue to learn to use Gulp. Thereafter you will configure a Gulp file with a set of tasks to build and serve your web project. At the end of this exercise, you will be able to:

Configure the Gulp file with a set of tasks to build the distribution folder for the web project.

Copying the Files and Cleaning up the Dist Folder

We will now create the tasks for copying the font files and cleaning up the distribution folder. To do this we will first install the del Node module and require it in the Gulp file as follows:

npm install del@3.0.0 --save-dev

       
      var ... 
     
      del = require('del'), 
     
      ...

Next, we will add the code for the Clean task and the copyfonts task as follows:

       
      // Clean 
     
      gulp.task('clean', function() { 
     
      return del(['dist']); 
     
      }); 
     
      gulp.task('copyfonts', function() { 
     
      gulp.src('./node_modules/font-awesome/fonts/**/*.{ttf,woff,eof,svg}*') 
     
      .pipe(gulp.dest('./dist/fonts')); 
     
      });

Compressing and Minifying Images

We will now install the gulp-imagemin plugin and configure the imagemin task. To do this we install the plugin and require it as follows:

npm install gulp-imagemin@4.1.0 --save-dev

       
      var ... 
     
      imagemin = require('gulp-imagemin'), 
     
      ...

Next, we create the imagemin task as follows:

      
      // Images 
     
      gulp.task('imagemin', function() { 
     
      return gulp.src('img/*.{png,jpg,gif}') 
     
      .pipe(imagemin({ optimizationLevel: 3, progressive: true, interlaced: true } 
     
      )) 
     
      .pipe(gulp.dest('dist/img')); 
     
      });

Preparing the Distribution Folder and Files

We now install the gulp-usemin and other related Gulp plugins and require them as follows:

       
      npm install gulp-uglify@3.0.0 gulp-usemin@0.3.29 gulp-rev@8.1.1 gulp-clean-css@3 
     
      .9.3 gulp-flatmap@1.0.2 gulp-htmlmin@4.0.0 --save-dev

       
      var ... 
     
      uglify = require('gulp-uglify'), 
     
      usemin = require('gulp-usemin'), 
     
      rev = require('gulp-rev'), 
     
      cleanCss = require('gulp-clean-css'), 
     
      flatmap = require('gulp-flatmap'), 
     
      htmlmin = require('gulp-htmlmin');

We configure the usemin and the build task as follows:

       
      gulp.task('usemin', function() { 
     
      return gulp.src('./*.html') 
     
      .pipe(flatmap(function(stream, file){ 
     
      return stream 
     
      .pipe(usemin({ 
     
      css: [ rev() ], 
     
      html: [ function() { return htmlmin({ collapseWhitespace: true })} ] 
     
      , 
     
      js: [ uglify(), rev() ], 
     
      inlinejs: [ uglify() ], 
     
      inlinecss: [ cleanCss(), 'concat' ] 
     
      })) 
     
      })) 
     
      .pipe(gulp.dest('dist/')); 
     
      }); 
     
      gulp.task('build',['clean'], function() { 
     
      gulp.start('copyfonts','imagemin','usemin'); 
     
      });