S3C24x0片内设备驱动编写时的时钟问题

S3C24x0片内设备驱动编写时的时钟问题
前天编写S3C24x0芯片的ADC驱动。其实很简单，参考别人的驱动，把以前的驱动模板改改就好了。可是写好后没使用成功。测来测去，最后发现对ADC的寄存器根本无法写入，只能读出。郁闷！！一开始以为是我用的赋值语句不对，参考我的驱动学习文档，试了一圈，问题依旧！郁闷了整整两天之后，在网上看到有人也遇到了2410的外设寄存器无法赋值的情况，最后发现是时钟问题。受此启发，我回想起了以前看的Linux的SPI驱动，里面有以下语句：

hw->clk = clk_get(&pdev->dev, "spi");
if (IS_ERR(hw->clk)) {
dev_err(&pdev->dev, "No clock for device\n");
err = PTR_ERR(hw->clk);
goto err_no_clk;
}

/* for the moment, permanently enable the clock */

clk_enable(hw->clk);


当时也没怎么在意，后悔啊！之后我在DAC驱动上加了类似的语句，参考了别人的2410触摸屏驱动，将
三星的S3C24x0处理器为了实现低功耗，增加对外设的时钟和电源的管理。具体的内容请看芯片手册的《7. Clock & Power Management》这一章。虽然芯片启动时默认这些外设的时钟是使能的，但在Linux下，启动时为了节能考虑，将部分时钟关闭了。如果没有使能这些时钟，就会出现无法对外设寄存器写操作的情况。Linux中时钟使能部分的源码主要有：

/include/asm-arm/plat-s3c24xx/clock.h
/include/asm-arm/arch-s3c2410/regs-clock.h
/arch/arm/mach-s3c2410/clock.c


参考这些源码，就可以大致知道Linux是如何操作S3C24x0处理器的外设时钟的。

特别是

/* standard clock definitions */

static struct clk init_clocks_disable[] = {
{
.name = "nand",
.id = -1,
.parent = &clk_h,
.enable = s3c2410_clkcon_enable,
.ctrlbit = S3C2410_CLKCON_NAND,
}, {
.name = "sdi",
.id = -1,
.parent = &clk_p,
.enable = s3c2410_clkcon_enable,
.ctrlbit = S3C2410_CLKCON_SDI,
}, {
.name = "adc",
.id = -1,
.parent = &clk_p,
.enable = s3c2410_clkcon_enable,
.ctrlbit = S3C2410_CLKCON_ADC,
}, {
.name = "i2c",
.id = -1,
.parent = &clk_p,
.enable = s3c2410_clkcon_enable,
.ctrlbit = S3C2410_CLKCON_IIC,
}, {
.name = "iis",
.id = -1,
.parent = &clk_p,
.enable = s3c2410_clkcon_enable,
.ctrlbit = S3C2410_CLKCON_IIS,
}, {
.name = "spi",
.id = -1,
.parent = &clk_p,
.enable = s3c2410_clkcon_enable,
.ctrlbit = S3C2410_CLKCON_SPI,
}
};

static struct clk init_clocks[] = {
{
.name = "lcd",
.id = -1,
.parent = &clk_h,
.enable = s3c2410_clkcon_enable,
.ctrlbit = S3C2410_CLKCON_LCDC,
}, {
.name = "gpio",
.id = -1,
.parent = &clk_p,
.enable = s3c2410_clkcon_enable,
.ctrlbit = S3C2410_CLKCON_GPIO,
}, {
.name = "usb-host",
.id = -1,
.parent = &clk_h,
.enable = s3c2410_clkcon_enable,
.ctrlbit = S3C2410_CLKCON_USBH,
}, {
.name = "usb-device",
.id = -1,
.parent = &clk_h,
.enable = s3c2410_clkcon_enable,
.ctrlbit = S3C2410_CLKCON_USBD,
}, {
.name = "timers",
.id = -1,
.parent = &clk_p,
.enable = s3c2410_clkcon_enable,
.ctrlbit = S3C2410_CLKCON_PWMT,
}, {
.name = "uart",
.id = 0,
.parent = &clk_p,
.enable = s3c2410_clkcon_enable,
.ctrlbit = S3C2410_CLKCON_UART0,
}, {
.name = "uart",
.id = 1,
.parent = &clk_p,
.enable = s3c2410_clkcon_enable,
.ctrlbit = S3C2410_CLKCON_UART1,
}, {
.name = "uart",
.id = 2,
.parent = &clk_p,
.enable = s3c2410_clkcon_enable,
.ctrlbit = S3C2410_CLKCON_UART2,
}, {
.name = "rtc",
.id = -1,
.parent = &clk_p,
.enable = s3c2410_clkcon_enable,
.ctrlbit = S3C2410_CLKCON_RTC,
}, {
.name = "watchdog",
.id = -1,
.parent = &clk_p,
.ctrlbit = 0,
}, {
.name = "usb-bus-host",
.id = -1,
.parent = &clk_usb_bus,
}, {
.name = "usb-bus-gadget",
.id = -1,
.parent = &clk_usb_bus,
},
};