学习（8）

</pre><h3 style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 16px; line-height: 1.43; font-size: 1.5em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Segoe UI', Arial, freesans, sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol';">9. @property中有哪些属性关键字？/ @property 后面可以有哪些修饰符？</h3><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 16px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Segoe UI', Arial, freesans, sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol'; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px;">属性可以拥有的特质分为四类:</p><ol style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 0px 0px 2em; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 16px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Segoe UI', Arial, freesans, sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol'; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px;">原子性--- <code style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Menlo, Courier, monospace; font-size: 13.6px; padding: 0.2em 0px; margin: 0px; border-radius: 3px; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.0392157);">nonatomic</code> 特质</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px;">在默认情况下，由编译器合成的方法会通过锁定机制确保其原子性(atomicity)。如果属性具备 nonatomic 特质，则不使用同步锁。请注意，尽管没有名为“atomic”的特质(如果某属性不具备 nonatomic 特质，那它就是“原子的” ( atomic) )，但是仍然可以在属性特质中写明这一点，编译器不会报错。若是自己定义存取方法，那么就应该遵从与属性特质相符的原子性。</p></li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px;">读/写权限---<code style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Menlo, Courier, monospace; font-size: 13.6px; padding: 0.2em 0px; margin: 0px; border-radius: 3px; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.0392157);">readwrite(读写)</code>、<code style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Menlo, Courier, monospace; font-size: 13.6px; padding: 0.2em 0px; margin: 0px; border-radius: 3px; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.0392157);">readonly (只读)</code></p></li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;">内存管理语义---<code style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Menlo, Courier, monospace; font-size: 13.6px; padding: 0.2em 0px; margin: 0px; border-radius: 3px; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.0392157);">assign</code>、<code style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Menlo, Courier, monospace; font-size: 13.6px; padding: 0.2em 0px; margin: 0px; border-radius: 3px; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.0392157);">strong</code>、 <code style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Menlo, Courier, monospace; font-size: 13.6px; padding: 0.2em 0px; margin: 0px; border-radius: 3px; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.0392157);">weak</code>、<code style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Menlo, Courier, monospace; font-size: 13.6px; padding: 0.2em 0px; margin: 0px; border-radius: 3px; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.0392157);">unsafe_unretained</code>、<code style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Menlo, Courier, monospace; font-size: 13.6px; padding: 0.2em 0px; margin: 0px; border-radius: 3px; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.0392157);">copy</code></li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px;">方法名---<code style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Menlo, Courier, monospace; font-size: 13.6px; padding: 0.2em 0px; margin: 0px; border-radius: 3px; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.0392157);">getter=<name></code> 、<code style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Menlo, Courier, monospace; font-size: 13.6px; padding: 0.2em 0px; margin: 0px; border-radius: 3px; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.0392157);">setter=<name></code></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px;"><code style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Menlo, Courier, monospace; font-size: 13.6px; padding: 0.2em 0px; margin: 0px; border-radius: 3px; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.0392157);">getter=<name></code>的样式：</p><div class="highlight highlight-source-objc" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 16px;"><pre style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: auto; font-family: Consolas, 'Liberation Mono', Menlo, Courier, monospace; font-size: 13.6px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 1.45; padding: 16px; border-radius: 3px; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; background-color: rgb(247, 247, 247);">      @property (nonatomic, getter=isOn) <span class="pl-k" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(167, 29, 93);">BOOL</span> on;

（ `setter=`这种不常用，也不推荐使用。故不在这里给出写法。）

setter=<name>一般用在特殊的情境下，比如：

在数据反序列化、转模型的过程中，服务器返回的字段如果以 init 开头，所以你需要定义一个 init 开头的属性，但默认生成的 setter 与 getter 方法也会以 init 开头，而编译器会把所有以 init 开头的方法当成初始化方法，而初始化方法只能返回 self 类型，因此编译器会报错。

这时你就可以使用下面的方式来避免编译器报错：

@property(nonatomic, strong, getter=p_initBy, setter=setP_initBy:)NSString *initBy;

另外也可以用关键字进行特殊说明，来避免编译器报错：

@property(nonatomic, readwrite, copy, null_resettable) NSString *initBy;
- (NSString *)initBy __attribute__((objc_method_family(none)));

1. 不常用的：nonnull,null_resettable,nullable