要想实现文件的上传功能,最基础的就是在jsp中使用form提交的方式实现,但这种方式会在页 面中呈现两个按钮,并且自带的按钮比较丑。
最近在做项目的过程中,实现了用一个按钮实现文件异步上传的功能。其中异步上传的JS和Servlet采用的是”zouminglan“的博客中的代码,见:https://www.cnblogs.com/zml-java/p/6255311.html。
这里需要用到插件ajaxfileupload.js,jar包:commons-fileupload-1.3.2.jar,commons-io-2.5.jar。
其中,jsp代码如下:
<%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
User: yjk
Date: 2018/6/8
Time: 21:01
To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>一个按钮实现文件异步上传</title>
<link type="text/css" href="css/importFile.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div id="import">
<div><img src="images/import_30x30_white.png"></div>
<%--input须在import之前--%>
<input type="file" id="file" name="file" title="import" onchange="importFile()" />
<div onclick="return selectFile()">import</div>
</div>
</body>
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery-3.3.1.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/ajaxfileupload.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/importFile.js"></script>
</html>
js代码:
function selectFile() {
$("#file").trigger("click"); //让import按钮的事件触发
}
function importFile() {
var name = $('#file').val(); //获得文件名称,$('#file').val()含有路径 -- C:\fakepath\shudian1.pnml
name=name.split("fakepath\\")[1];
//判断是什么类型的文件,类型正确才上传,防止用户错误提交不正确的文件,防止浪费内存空间.
if (name.includes(".xml") || name.includes(".pnml")) {
$.ajaxFileUpload
(
{
url:'/importFile',//用于文件上传的服务器端请求地址
secureuri:false,//一般设置为false
fileElementId:'file',//文件上传标签的id属性
dataType: 'text',//返回值类型 一般设置为json
success: function (data) //服务器成功响应处理函数
{
alert("上传成功");
},
error: function (data)//服务器响应失败处理函数
{
alert("上传失败");
}
}
);
}
else{
alert("文件格式必须是xml或pnml!");
}
return false;
}
servlet代码:
package servlet;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.List;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileItem;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.disk.DiskFileItemFactory;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.servlet.ServletFileUpload;
@WebServlet(name = "importFile")
public class importFile extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
// 上传文件存储目录
private static final String UPLOAD_DIRECTORY = "importFile";
// 上传配置
private static final int MEMORY_THRESHOLD = 1024 * 1024 * 3; // 3MB
private static final int MAX_FILE_SIZE = 1024 * 1024 * 40; // 40MB
private static final int MAX_REQUEST_SIZE = 1024 * 1024 * 50; // 50MB
public importFile(){
super();
}
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
PrintWriter writer = response.getWriter();
// 检测是否为多媒体上传
if (!ServletFileUpload.isMultipartContent(request)) {
// 如果不是则停止
writer.println("Error: 表单必须包含 enctype=multipart/form-data...");
writer.flush();
return;
}
//记住要写这句话,上传的文件名才不会乱码!!!!!!!!!
request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
// 配置上传参数
DiskFileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory();
// 设置内存临界值 - 超过后将产生临时文件并存储于临时目录中
factory.setSizeThreshold(MEMORY_THRESHOLD);
// 设置临时存储目录
factory.setRepository(new File(System.getProperty("java.io.tmpdir")));
ServletFileUpload upload = new ServletFileUpload(factory);
// 设置最大文件上传值
upload.setFileSizeMax(MAX_FILE_SIZE);
// 设置最大请求值 (包含文件和表单数据)
upload.setSizeMax(MAX_REQUEST_SIZE);
// 构造临时路径来存储上传的文件
// 这个路径相对当前应用的目录
String uploadPath = request.getContextPath() + File.separator + UPLOAD_DIRECTORY;
//获取项目发布路径下的upload文件夹
uploadPath = request.getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath("/importFile");
// 如果目录不存在则创建
File uploadDir = new File(uploadPath);
if (!uploadDir.exists()) {
uploadDir.mkdir();
}
try {
// 解析请求的内容提取文件数据
// @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
List<FileItem> formItems = upload.parseRequest(request);
if (formItems != null && formItems.size() > 0) {
// 迭代表单数据
for (FileItem item : formItems) {
// 处理不在表单中的字段
if (!item.isFormField()) {
//这里处理文件中文乱码没用。。。。。。。。。
System.out.println(new String(item.getName().getBytes("utf-8"),"iso-8859-1"));
String fileName = new File(item.getName()).getName();
String filePath = uploadPath + File.separator + fileName;
File storeFile = new File(filePath);
// 在控制台输出文件的上传路径
System.out.println(filePath);
// 保存文件到硬盘
item.write(storeFile);
//注意编码,不然返回前端会乱码!!!
writer.println(new String("上传成功!".getBytes("utf-8"),"iso-8859-1"));
}
}
}
} catch (Exception ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
doPost(request,response);
}
}
css代码:
#import{
width: 100px;
height: 30px;
line-height: 30px;
border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #555555;
margin-right: 15px;
margin-top: 5px;
padding: 5px;
color: white;
}
#import:hover{
cursor: pointer;
background-color: darkgreen;
}
#import div:nth-of-type(1){
width: 30px;
height: 30px;
float: left;
}
#import div:nth-of-type(2){
height: 30px;
line-height: 30px;
float: left;
margin-left: 10px;
}
#import input{
position:absolute;
display: inline-block;
width:110px ;
height: 40px;
cursor: pointer;
left:0;
top:0;
opacity:0;
}
当然最后还要配置web.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.1">
<display-name>importFile</display-name>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>importFile</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>servlet.importFile</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>importFile</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/importFile</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>importFile.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>
大家也可以到github上直接下载,网址是https://github.com/Ritajiao/importFile