结构型模式-组合

结构图


模式说明

1. 无类级扩展点。扩展方法在抽象接口Component中。
2. Component提供Composite和Leaf的抽象接口声明和共有方法。Leaf是Component的特殊形式，Composite是Component的一般树状结构描述。
3. 客户端需要知道具体使用哪个Component具体实现类。
4. 将对象组合成树形结构以表示‘部分-整体’的层次结构，组合模式使得用户对单个对象的使用具有一致性。

客户端

/**
	 * @param args
	 * -root
	 * ---Leaf A
	 * ---Leaf B
	 * ---Composite X
	 * -----Leaf XA
	 * -----Leaf XB
	 * -----Composite XY
	 * -------Leaf XYA
	 * -------Leaf XYB
	 * ---Leaf C
	 */
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Component root = new Composite("root");
		root.add(new Leaf("Leaf A"));
		root.add(new Leaf("Leaf B"));
		Component comp = new Composite("Composite X");
		comp.add(new Leaf("Leaf XA"));
		comp.add(new Leaf("Leaf XB"));
		root.add(comp);
		Component comp2 = new Composite("Composite XY");
		comp2.add(new Leaf("Leaf XYA"));
		comp2.add(new Leaf("Leaf XYB"));
		comp.add(comp2);
		root.add(new Leaf("Leaf C"));
		Component leaf = new Leaf("Leaf D");
		root.add(leaf);
		root.remove(leaf);
		root.display(1);
	}

类设计

public abstract class Component {
	private String name;


	protected Component(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}


	public final String getName() {
		return this.name;
	}


	public abstract void add(Component component);


	public abstract void remove(Component component);


	public abstract void display(int depth);
}
public class Leaf extends Component {


	protected Leaf(String name) {
		super(name);
	}


	@Override
	public void add(Component component) {
		throw new RuntimeException("cannot add at leaf level.");
	}


	@Override
	public void remove(Component component) {
		throw new RuntimeException("cannot remove at leaf level.");
	}


	@Override
	public void display(int depth) {
		char[] chars = new char[depth];
		Arrays.fill(chars, '-');
		System.out.println(new String(chars) + getName());
	}
}
public class Composite extends Component {
	private List<Component> children = new ArrayList<Component>();


	protected Composite(String name) {
		super(name);
	}


	@Override
	public void add(Component component) {
		children.add(component);
	}


	@Override
	public void remove(Component component) {
		children.remove(component);
	}


	@Override
	public void display(int depth) {
		char[] chars = new char[depth];
		Arrays.fill(chars, '-');
		System.out.println(new String(chars) + getName());
		for (Component component : children) {
			component.display(depth + 2);
		}


	}


}