Django在根据models创建模型时出现问题__init__() missing 1 required positional argument: 'on_delete'

代码：

class Entry(models.Model):
	"""学到的有关某个主题的具体知识"""
	topic = models.ForeignKey(Topic)
	text = models.TextField()
	date_added = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
	
	
	class Meta:
		verbose_name_plural = 'entries'
	
	def __str__(self):
		"""返回模型的字符串表示"""
		return self.text[:50] + "..."

问题：

(ll_env) I:\PythonDemo\learning_log>python manage.py makemigrations learning_log
s
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "manage.py", line 15, in <module>
    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
  File "I:\PythonDemo\learning_log\ll_env\lib\site-packages\django\core\manageme
nt\__init__.py", line 381, in execute_from_command_line
    utility.execute()
  File "I:\PythonDemo\learning_log\ll_env\lib\site-packages\django\core\manageme
nt\__init__.py", line 357, in execute
    django.setup()
  File "I:\PythonDemo\learning_log\ll_env\lib\site-packages\django\__init__.py",
 line 24, in setup
    apps.populate(settings.INSTALLED_APPS)
  File "I:\PythonDemo\learning_log\ll_env\lib\site-packages\django\apps\registry
.py", line 112, in populate
    app_config.import_models()
  File "I:\PythonDemo\learning_log\ll_env\lib\site-packages\django\apps\config.p
y", line 198, in import_models
    self.models_module = import_module(models_module_name)
  File "C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36-32\lib\imp
ortlib\__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 994, in _gcd_import
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 971, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 955, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 665, in _load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 678, in exec_module
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 219, in _call_with_frames_removed
  File "I:\PythonDemo\learning_log\learning_logs\models.py", line 14, in <module
>
    class Entry(models.Model):
  File "I:\PythonDemo\learning_log\learning_logs\models.py", line 16, in Entry
    topic = models.ForeignKey(Topic)
TypeError: __init__() missing 1 required positional argument: 'on_delete'

出现原因：

在django2.0后，定义外键和一对一关系的时候需要加on_delete选项，此参数为了避免两个表里的数据不一致问题，不然会报错：TypeError: __init__() missing 1 required positional argument: 'on_delete'
举例说明： 

topic = models.ForeignKey(Topic)
需要改成：

topic = models.ForeignKey(Topic,on_delete=models.CASCADE) --在老版本这个参数（models.CASCADE）是默认值
参数说明：

on_delete有CASCADE、PROTECT、SET_NULL、SET_DEFAULT、SET()五个可选择的值
           CASCADE：此值设置，是级联删除。
           PROTECT：此值设置，是会报完整性错误。
           SET_NULL：此值设置，会把外键设置为null，前提是允许为null。
           SET_DEFAULT：此值设置，会把设置为外键的默认值。
           SET()：此值设置，会调用外面的值，可以是一个函数。
           一般情况下使用CASCADE就可以了。

修改意见：

topic = models.ForeignKey(Topic)改为topic = models.ForeignKey(Topic,on_delete=models.CASCADE) 就可以了

本文参看文档：https://www.cnblogs.com/phyger/p/8035253.html