Android学习笔记之-Websercive 通讯-CSDN博客

Android与服务器端数据交互（基于SOAP协议整合android+webservice）

上一节中我们通过http协议，采用HttpClient向服务器端action请求数据。当然调用服务器端方法获取数据并不止这一种。WebService也可以为我们提供所需数据，

那么什么是webService呢？，它是一种基于SAOP协议的远程调用标准，通过webservice可以将不同操作系统平台，不同语言，不同技术整合到一起。

我们在PC机器java客户端中，需要一些库，比如XFire,Axis2,CXF等等来支持访问WebService，但是这些库并不适合我们资源有限的android手机客户端，做过JAVA ME的人都知道有KSOAP这个第三方的类库，可以帮助我们获取服务器端webService调用，当然KSOAP已经提供了基于android版本的jar包了，那么我们就开始吧：

首先下载KSOAP包：ksoap2-android-assembly-2.5.2-jar-with-dependencies.jar包

然后新建android项目：并把下载的KSOAP包放在android项目的lib目录下：右键->build path->configure build path--选择Libraries，如图：

以下分为七个步骤来调用WebService方法：

第一：实例化SoapObject 对象，指定webService的命名空间（从相关WSDL文档中可以查看命名空间），以及调用方法名称。如：

//命名空间

private static final String serviceNameSpace="http://WebXml.com.cn/";

//调用方法(获得支持的城市)

private static final String getSupportCity="getSupportCity";

//实例化SoapObject对象

SoapObject request=new SoapObject(serviceNameSpace, getSupportCity);

第二步：假设方法有参数的话,设置调用方法参数

request.addProperty("参数名称","参数值");

第三步：设置SOAP请求信息(参数部分为SOAP协议版本号，与你要调用的webService中版本号一致):

//获得序列化的Envelope

SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope=new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);

envelope.bodyOut=request;

第四步：注册Envelope,

(new MarshalBase64()).register(envelope);

第五步：构建传输对象，并指明WSDL文档URL：

View Code

//请求URL

private static final String serviceURL="http://www.webxml.com.cn/webservices/weatherwebservice.asmx";

//Android传输对象

AndroidHttpTransport transport=new AndroidHttpTransport(serviceURL);

transport.debug=true;

第六步：调用WebService(其中参数为1：命名空间+方法名称，2：Envelope对象):

View Code

transport.call(serviceNameSpace+getWeatherbyCityName, envelope);

第七步：解析返回数据：

View Code

if(envelope.getResponse()!=null){

return parse(envelope.bodyIn.toString());

}

/**************

* 解析XML

* @param str

* @return

private static List<String> parse(String str){

String temp;

List<String> list=new ArrayList<String>();

if(str!=null && str.length()>0){

int start=str.indexOf("string");

int end=str.lastIndexOf(";");

temp=str.substring(start, end-3);

String []test=temp.split(";");

for(int i=0;i<test.length;i++){

if(i==0){

temp=test[i].substring(7);

}else{

temp=test[i].substring(8);

}

int index=temp.indexOf(",");

list.add(temp.substring(0, index));

}

return list;

}

这样就成功啦。那么现在我们就来测试下吧，这里有个地址提供webService天气预报的服务的，我这里只提供获取城市列表：

View Code

//命名空间

private static final String serviceNameSpace="http://WebXml.com.cn/";

//请求URL

private static final String serviceURL="http://www.webxml.com.cn/webservices/weatherwebservice.asmx";

//调用方法(获得支持的城市)

private static final String getSupportCity="getSupportCity";

//调用城市的方法(需要带参数)

private static final String getWeatherbyCityName="getWeatherbyCityName";

//调用省或者直辖市的方法(获得支持的省份或直辖市)

private static final String getSupportProvince="getSupportProvince";

然后你可以在浏览器中输入地址（WSDL）：serviceURL,你会看到一些可供调用的方法：

我们选择获取国内外主要城市或者省份的方法吧：getSupportProvice,然后调用，你会发现浏览器返回给我们的是xml文档：

View Code

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>

- <ArrayOfString xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns="http://WebXml.com.cn/">

<string>特别行政区</string>

</ArrayOfString>

我们可以用 listview来显示：

那么下面我将给出全部代码：

View Code

public class WebServiceHelper {

//WSDL文档中的命名空间

private static final String targetNameSpace="http://WebXml.com.cn/";

//WSDL文档中的URL

private static final String WSDL="http://webservice.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/WeatherWebService.asmx?wsdl";

//需要调用的方法名(获得本天气预报Web Services支持的洲、国内外省份和城市信息)

private static final String getSupportProvince="getSupportProvince";

//需要调用的方法名(获得本天气预报Web Services支持的城市信息,根据省份查询城市集合：带参数)

private static final String getSupportCity="getSupportCity";

//根据城市或地区名称查询获得未来三天内天气情况、现在的天气实况、天气和生活指数

private static final String getWeatherbyCityName="getWeatherbyCityName";

/********

* 获得州，国内外省份和城市信息

* @return

public List<String> getProvince(){

List<String> provinces=new ArrayList<String>();

String str="";

SoapObject soapObject=new SoapObject(targetNameSpace,getSupportProvince);

//request.addProperty("参数", "参数值");调用的方法参数与参数值（根据具体需要可选可不选）

SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope=new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);

envelope.dotNet=true;

envelope.setOutputSoapObject(soapObject);//envelope.bodyOut=request;

AndroidHttpTransport httpTranstation=new AndroidHttpTransport(WSDL);

//或者HttpTransportSE httpTranstation=new HttpTransportSE(WSDL);

try {

httpTranstation.call(targetNameSpace+getSupportProvince, envelope);

SoapObject result=(SoapObject)envelope.getResponse();

//下面对结果进行解析，结构类似json对象

//str=(String) result.getProperty(6).toString();

int count=result.getPropertyCount();

for(int index=0;index<count;index++){

provinces.add(result.getProperty(index).toString());

}

} catch (IOException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (XmlPullParserException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

}

return provinces;

}

/**********

* 根据省份或者直辖市获取天气预报所支持的城市集合

* @param province

* @return

public List<String> getCitys(String province){

List<String> citys=new ArrayList<String>();

SoapObject soapObject=new SoapObject(targetNameSpace,getSupportCity);

soapObject.addProperty("byProvinceName", province);

SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope=new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);

envelope.dotNet=true;

envelope.setOutputSoapObject(soapObject);

AndroidHttpTransport httpTransport=new AndroidHttpTransport(WSDL);

try {

httpTransport.call(targetNameSpace+getSupportCity, envelope);

SoapObject result=(SoapObject)envelope.getResponse();

int count=result.getPropertyCount();

for(int index=0;index<count;index++){

citys.add(result.getProperty(index).toString());

}

} catch (IOException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (XmlPullParserException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

}

return citys;

}

/***************************

* 根据城市信息获取天气预报信息

* @param city

* @return

***************************/

public WeatherBean getWeatherByCity(String city){

WeatherBean bean=new WeatherBean();

SoapObject soapObject=new SoapObject(targetNameSpace,getWeatherbyCityName);

soapObject.addProperty("theCityName",city);//调用的方法参数与参数值（根据具体需要可选可不选）

SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope=new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);

envelope.dotNet=true;

envelope.setOutputSoapObject(soapObject);//envelope.bodyOut=request;

AndroidHttpTransport httpTranstation=new AndroidHttpTransport(WSDL);

//或者HttpTransportSE httpTranstation=new HttpTransportSE(WSDL);

try {

httpTranstation.call(targetNameSpace+getWeatherbyCityName, envelope);

SoapObject result=(SoapObject)envelope.getResponse();

//下面对结果进行解析，结构类似json对象

bean=parserWeather(result);

} catch (IOException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (XmlPullParserException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

}

return bean;

}

/**

* 解析返回的结果

* @param soapObject

protected WeatherBean parserWeather(SoapObject soapObject){

WeatherBean bean=new WeatherBean();

List<Map<String,Object>> list=new ArrayList<Map<String,Object>>();

Map<String,Object> map=new HashMap<String,Object>();

//城市名

bean.setCityName(soapObject.getProperty(1).toString());

//城市简介

bean.setCityDescription(soapObject.getProperty(soapObject.getPropertyCount()-1).toString());

//天气实况+建议

bean.setLiveWeather(soapObject.getProperty(10).toString()+"\n"+soapObject.getProperty(11).toString());

//其他数据

//日期，

String date=soapObject.getProperty(6).toString();

//---------------------------------------------------

String weatherToday="今天：" + date.split(" ")[0];

weatherToday+="\n天气："+ date.split(" ")[1];

weatherToday+="\n气温："+soapObject.getProperty(5).toString();

weatherToday+="\n风力："+soapObject.getProperty(7).toString();

weatherToday+="\n";

List<Integer> icons=new ArrayList<Integer>();

icons.add(parseIcon(soapObject.getProperty(8).toString()));

icons.add(parseIcon(soapObject.getProperty(9).toString()));

map.put("weatherDay", weatherToday);

map.put("icons",icons);

list.add(map);

//-------------------------------------------------

map=new HashMap<String,Object>();

date=soapObject.getProperty(13).toString();

String weatherTomorrow="明天：" + date.split(" ")[0];

weatherTomorrow+="\n天气："+ date.split(" ")[1];

weatherTomorrow+="\n气温："+soapObject.getProperty(12).toString();

weatherTomorrow+="\n风力："+soapObject.getProperty(14).toString();

weatherTomorrow+="\n";

icons=new ArrayList<Integer>();

icons.add(parseIcon(soapObject.getProperty(15).toString()));

icons.add(parseIcon(soapObject.getProperty(16).toString()));

map.put("weatherDay", weatherTomorrow);

map.put("icons",icons);

list.add(map);

//--------------------------------------------------------------

map=new HashMap<String,Object>();

date=soapObject.getProperty(18).toString();

String weatherAfterTomorrow="后天：" + date.split(" ")[0];

weatherAfterTomorrow+="\n天气："+ date.split(" ")[1];

weatherAfterTomorrow+="\n气温："+soapObject.getProperty(17).toString();

weatherAfterTomorrow+="\n风力："+soapObject.getProperty(19).toString();

weatherAfterTomorrow+="\n";

icons=new ArrayList<Integer>();

icons.add(parseIcon(soapObject.getProperty(20).toString()));

icons.add(parseIcon(soapObject.getProperty(21).toString()));

map.put("weatherDay", weatherAfterTomorrow);

map.put("icons",icons);

list.add(map);

//--------------------------------------------------------------

bean.setList(list);

return bean;

}

//解析图标字符串

private int parseIcon(String data){

// 0.gif，返回名称0,

int resID=32;

String result=data.substring(0, data.length()-4).trim();

// String []icon=data.split(".");

// String result=icon[0].trim();

// Log.e("this is the icon", result.trim());

if(!result.equals("nothing")){

resID=Integer.parseInt(result.trim());

}

return resID;

//return ("a_"+data).split(".")[0];

}

以及帮助类：

View Code

public class WebServiceUtil {

//命名空间

private static final String serviceNameSpace="http://WebXml.com.cn/";

//请求URL

private static final String serviceURL="http://www.webxml.com.cn/webservices/weatherwebservice.asmx";

//调用方法(获得支持的城市)

private static final String getSupportCity="getSupportCity";

//调用城市的方法(需要带参数)

private static final String getWeatherbyCityName="getWeatherbyCityName";

//调用省或者直辖市的方法(获得支持的省份或直辖市)

private static final String getSupportProvince="getSupportProvince";

/*************

* @return城市列表

*************/

public static List<String> getCityList(){

//实例化SoapObject对象

SoapObject request=new SoapObject(serviceNameSpace, getSupportCity);

//获得序列化的Envelope

SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope=new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);

envelope.bodyOut=request;

(new MarshalBase64()).register(envelope);

//Android传输对象

AndroidHttpTransport transport=new AndroidHttpTransport(serviceURL);

transport.debug=true;

//调用

try {

transport.call(serviceNameSpace+getWeatherbyCityName, envelope);

if(envelope.getResponse()!=null){

return parse(envelope.bodyIn.toString());

}

} catch (IOException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (XmlPullParserException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

}

return null;

}

public static List<String> getProviceList(){

//实例化SoapObject对象

SoapObject request=new SoapObject(serviceNameSpace, getSupportProvince);

//获得序列化的Envelope

SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope=new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);

envelope.bodyOut=request;

(new MarshalBase64()).register(envelope);

//Android传输对象

AndroidHttpTransport transport=new AndroidHttpTransport(serviceURL);

transport.debug=true;

//调用

try {

transport.call(serviceNameSpace+getWeatherbyCityName, envelope);

if(envelope.getResponse()!=null){

return null;

}

} catch (IOException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (XmlPullParserException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

}

return null;

}

/*************

* @param cityName

* @return

*************/

public static String getWeather(String cityName){

return "";

}

/**************

* 解析XML

* @param str

* @return

private static List<String> parse(String str){

String temp;

List<String> list=new ArrayList<String>();

if(str!=null && str.length()>0){

int start=str.indexOf("string");

int end=str.lastIndexOf(";");

temp=str.substring(start, end-3);

String []test=temp.split(";");

for(int i=0;i<test.length;i++){

if(i==0){

temp=test[i].substring(7);

}else{

temp=test[i].substring(8);

}

int index=temp.indexOf(",");

list.add(temp.substring(0, index));

}

return list;

}

/*********

* 获取天气

* @param soapObject

private void parseWeather(SoapObject soapObject){

//String date=soapObject.getProperty(6);

}

以上就是我所作的查询天气预报的全部核心代码了，读者可以根据注释以及本文章了解下具体实现，相信很快就搞明白了，运行结果如下：

到此结束，下一节主要是socket通信了。

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/Nagisa-Saku/p/5706172.html