Netty实现WebSocket长连接详情

MyServer.java

package cup.com.netty.websocket;

import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpObjectAggregator;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpServerCodec;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.websocketx.WebSocketServerProtocolHandler;
import io.netty.handler.logging.LogLevel;
import io.netty.handler.logging.LoggingHandler;
import io.netty.handler.stream.ChunkedWriteHandler;

public class MyServer {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
        //创建两个线程组
        EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(1);
        EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();//默认的8个NioEventLoop
        try {

            ServerBootstrap serverBootstrap = new ServerBootstrap();
            serverBootstrap.group(bossGroup,workerGroup)
                    .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
                    .handler(new LoggingHandler(LogLevel.INFO))  //在bossGroup增加一个日志处理器
                    .childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
                        @Override
                        protected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
                            ChannelPipeline pipeline = ch.pipeline();

                            //因为基于http协议，使用http的编码和解码器
                            pipeline.addLast(new HttpServerCodec());
                            //是以块方式写，添加chunkedWriteHandler处理器
                            pipeline.addLast(new ChunkedWriteHandler());

                            /**
                             * 说明：
                             * 1、http数据在传输过程中是分段的，HttpObjectAggregator，就是可以将多个段聚合起来
                             * 2、这就是为什么当浏览器发送大量数据时，就会发出多次http请求
                             */
                            pipeline.addLast(new HttpObjectAggregator(8192));
                            /**
                             * 说明：
                             * 1、对应websocket，它的数据是以 帧（frame）形式传递
                             * 2、可以看到WebSocketFrame 下面有六个子类
                             * 3、浏览器请求时 ws://localhost:7000/xxx 表示请求的uri
                             * 4、WebSocketServerProtocolHandler核心功能是将http协议升级为ws协议，保持长连接
                             */
                            pipeline.addLast(new WebSocketServerProtocolHandler("/hello"));

                            //自定义的handler，处理业务逻辑
                            pipeline.addLast(new MyTextWebSocketFrameHandler());
                        }
                    });

            //启动服务器
            ChannelFuture channelFuture = serverBootstrap.bind(7000).sync();
            channelFuture.channel().closeFuture().sync();

        } finally {
            bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();
            workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
        }
    }
}

MyTextWebSocketFrameHandler.java

package cup.com.netty.websocket;

import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.SimpleChannelInboundHandler;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.websocketx.TextWebSocketFrame;

import java.time.LocalDateTime;

//这里TextWebSocketFrame 类型，表示一个文本帧（frame）
public class MyTextWebSocketFrameHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<TextWebSocketFrame> {
    @Override
    protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, TextWebSocketFrame msg) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("服务器收到消息 " + msg.text());

        //回复消息
        ctx.channel().writeAndFlush(new TextWebSocketFrame("服务器时间" + LocalDateTime.now() + " " + msg.text()));

    }

    //当web客户端连接后，触发方法
    @Override
    public void handlerAdded(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
        //id 表示唯一的值，LongText是唯一的，ShortText不是唯一
        System.out.println("handlerAdded 被调用" + ctx.channel().id().asLongText());
    }

    @Override
    public void handlerRemoved(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("handlerRemoved 被调用" + ctx.channel().id().asLongText());
    }

    @Override
    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("异常发生 " + cause.getMessage());
        ctx.close();
    }
}

hello.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<script>
    var socket;
    //判断当前浏览器是否支持websocket
    if (window.WebSocket) {
        socket = new WebSocket("ws://localhost:7000/hello");
        //相当于channelRead0,ev 收到服务器端回送的消息
        socket.onmessage = function (ev) {
            var rt = document.getElementById("responseText");
            rt.value = rt.value + "\n" + ev.data;
        };

        //相当于连接开启(感知到连接开启)
        socket.onopen = function (ev) {
            var rt = document.getElementById("responseText");
            rt.value = "连接开启了...";
        };

        //相当于连接关闭(感知到连接关闭)
        socket.onclose = function (ev) {
            var rt = document.getElementById("responseText");
            rt.value = rt.value + "\n" + "连接关闭了...";
        }
    } else {
        alert("当前浏览器不支持websocket");
    }

    //发送消息到服务器
    function send(message) {
        if (!window.socket) { //先判断socket是否创建好
            return;
        }
        if (socket.readyState == WebSocket.OPEN) {
            //通过socket 发送消息
            socket.send(message);
        } else {
            alert("连接没有开启");
        }
    }
</script>
    <form onsubmit="return false">
        <textarea name="message" style="height: 300px; width: 300px"></textarea>
        <input type="button" value="发生消息" onclick="send(this.form.message.value)">
        <textarea id = "responseText" style="height: 300px; width: 300px"></textarea>
        <input type="button" value="情况内容" onclick="document.getElementById('responseText').value=''">
    </form>
</body>
</html>

效果图：