Employee
表包含所有员工信息,每个员工有其对应的 Id, salary 和 department Id。
+----+-------+--------+--------------+
| Id | Name | Salary | DepartmentId |
+----+-------+--------+--------------+
| 1 | Joe | 70000 | 1 |
| 2 | Henry | 80000 | 2 |
| 3 | Sam | 60000 | 2 |
| 4 | Max | 90000 | 1 |
+----+-------+--------+--------------+
Department
表包含公司所有部门的信息。
+----+----------+
| Id | Name |
+----+----------+
| 1 | IT |
| 2 | Sales |
+----+----------+
编写一个 SQL 查询,找出每个部门工资最高的员工。例如,根据上述给定的表格,Max 在 IT 部门有最高工资,Henry 在 Sales 部门有最高工资。
+------------+----------+--------+
| Department | Employee | Salary |
+------------+----------+--------+
| IT | Max | 90000 |
| Sales | Henry | 80000 |
+------------+----------+--------+
思路:一开始我这么写的
错误原因:I think in this case max() only gives the max salary of the group.所以当这一条数据中的薪水50,000,和中的最高薪水50,000相等的时候,也会被检索出来,就有问题了。为了避免这种情况的发生,应该把DepartmentId 也放进去,对应到具体的部门。
另外放两个条件的时候,注意 IN 前的列表和IN 后的列表顺序应该保持一致,否则就会报错。
SELECT D.Name AS Department, E.Name AS Employee, E.Salary
FROM Employee AS E, Department AS D
WHERE E.DepartmentId= D.Id
AND (DepartmentId, Salary) IN (SELECT DepartmentId, MAX(Salary) FROM Employee GROUP BY DepartmentId)
ORDER BY E.Salary DESC
这么写顺眼多了:
SELECT D.Name AS Department, E.Name AS Employee, E.Salary
FROM Employee AS E, Department AS D
WHERE E.DepartmentId= D.Id
AND Salary IN (SELECT MAX(Salary) FROM Employee AS E2 WHERE E2.DepartmentId=E.DepartmentId GROUP BY DepartmentId)
ORDER BY E.Salary DESC
另一种思路,先把每个部门最高薪水及其所对应的DepartmentId存在一个T的表中:
SELECT D.Name AS Department, E.Name AS Employee, E.Salary
FROM Employee AS E, Department AS D, (SELECT DepartmentId, MAX(Salary) AS max FROM Employee GROUP BY DepartmentId) AS T
WHERE E.DepartmentId= D.Id --E,D连接起来
AND E.DepartmentId=T.DepartmentId --最高薪水所在部门要对应上
AND E.Salary=T.max ----最高薪水也要对应上