此处用“11010”序列检测器来举例。
序列检测器就是将一个指定的序列从数字码流中检测出来,当输入端出现序列11010时,输出为1,否则输出为0。在此不考虑重复序列,即出现指定序列后就重新开始序列检测,不再考虑以前的数据。
该序列检测器的状态转移图如下图所示:
代码如下:
module seqdet(D_out, D_in, rst_n, clk);
parameter IDLE = 3'b0, A = 3'b1, B = 3'b2, C = 3'b3, D = 3'b4, E = 3'b5;
output D_out;
input D_in, rst_n, clk;
reg[2:0]state, next_state;
wire D_out;
assign D_out = (state == E)?1:0;
always@(state or D_in)
case(state)
IDLE:if(D_in)
next_state = A;
else
next_state = IDLE;
A:if(D_in)
next_state = B;
else
next_state = IDLE;
B:if(D_in)
next_state = B;
else
next_state = C;
C:if(D_in)
next_state = D;
else
next_state = IDLE;
D:if(D_in)
next_state = B;
else
next_state = E;
E:if(D_in)
next_state = A;
else
next_state = IDLE;
default: next_state = IDLE;
endcase
always@(posedge clk)
state <= next_state;
endmodule
可以看到,当到达E状态时,11010序列检测完成,同时D_out输出1。接下来若检测到1则转到A状态继续进行下一个序列的检测,若检测到0则返回IDLE状态等待。