发邮件功能几乎在每个项目都会有应用,我之前写了一篇基于Python3实现的一个邮件发送功能的博客,现在我打算写一篇通过目前主流的三大编程语言实现的邮件发送功能的博客。废话不多说,还是需要先提前打开你的邮箱的smtp服务,然后记住那个密码。接下来干活开始。
Java实现邮件发送
我通过JavaMail类实现的,首先要下载JavaMail.jar文件,javaxmail下载。
直接上代码
package Tools.EmailTool;
import javax.mail.Message;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.Transport;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import java.net.PasswordAuthentication;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Properties;
/**
* @author sxz
* @date 2018/12/14 - 15:09
*/
public class emailHandle {
private static String smtp="smtp.qq.com";
private static String from_addr;
private static String password;
public emailHandle() {
this.from_addr="*********@qq.com";
this.password="************";
this.smtp=smtp;
}
//通过构造函数初始化发件人的信息
public emailHandle(String from_addr,String password,String smtp) {
this.from_addr=from_addr;
this.password=password;
this.smtp=smtp;
}
public static String getFrom_addr() {
return from_addr;
}
public static String getPassword() {
return password;
}
private static Session setSession(){
// 创建参数配置, 用于连接邮件服务器的参数配置
Properties props = new Properties(); // 参数配置
props.setProperty("mail.transport.protocol", "smtp"); // 使用的协议(JavaMail规范要求)
props.setProperty("mail.smtp.host", smtp); // 发件人的邮箱的 SMTP 服务器地址
props.setProperty("mail.smtp.auth", "true"); // 需要请求认证
// 根据配置创建会话对象, 用于和邮件服务器交互
Session session = Session.getInstance(props);
session.setDebug(true);
return session;
}
//创建邮件,返回邮件,不发送
public static MimeMessage createMail(Session session,String from_addr,String fromName, String to_addr,String toName, String subject, String html) throws Exception{
// 1. 创建一封邮件
MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session);
// 2. from_addr: 发件人邮箱地址
message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from_addr, fromName, "UTF-8"));
// 3. to_addr: 收件人邮箱地址
message.setRecipient(MimeMessage.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(to_addr, toName, "UTF-8"));
// 4. subject: 邮件主题
message.setSubject(subject, "UTF-8");
// 5. html: 邮件正文
message.setContent(html, "text/html;charset=UTF-8");
// 6. 设置发件时间
message.setSentDate(new Date());
// 7. 保存设置
message.saveChanges();
return message;
}
public void sendMail(String password,String from_addr,String fromName, String to_addr,String toName, String subject, String html){
Session session=setSession();
try {
MimeMessage message = createMail(session, from_addr,fromName,to_addr,toName,subject,html);
Transport transport = session.getTransport();
transport.connect(from_addr, password);
transport.sendMessage(message, message.getAllRecipients());
transport.close();
System.out.println("发送成功!");
}catch (Exception e){
System.out.println("发送失败!");
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
emailHandle e1=new emailHandle();
e1.sendMail(getPassword(),getFrom_addr(),"我的姓名","******@163.com","HH","这是测试的标题","这是一段测试内容!");
}
}
接下来是Python3实现邮件发送
这个其实在我另一篇博客已经写过了,不多说上代码。
from email.header import Header
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.utils import parseaddr,formataddr
import smtplib
from email import encoders
def _format_addr(s):
name,addr = parseaddr(s)
return formataddr((Header(name,'utf-8').encode(),addr))
#password是你开启SMTP时给你的邮箱授权码
def send(from_addr,password,to_addr,smtp_server,msg_text,subject,title):
msg=MIMEText(msg_text,'plain','utf-8')
msg['From'] = _format_addr(title+'<%s>'%from_addr)
msg['To'] = _format_addr('管理员<%s>'%to_addr)
msg['Subject'] = Header(subject,'utf-8').encode()
# 发送邮件
server = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(smtp_server, 465)
# 打印出和SMTP服务器交互的所有信息
server.set_debuglevel(1)
# 登录SMTP服务器
server.login(from_addr, password)
# sendmail():发送邮件,由于可以一次发给多个人,所以传入一个list邮件正文是一个str,as_string()把MIMEText对象变成str。
server.sendmail(from_addr, to_addr, msg.as_string())
print('邮件发送成功!')
server.quit()
if __name__=='__main__':
from_addr = '********@qq.com'
password = '**************'
to_addr = ['**********@163.com','******@qq.com']
smtp_server = 'smtp.qq.com'
send(from_addr,password,to_addr,smtp_server,'这是一个email测试','测试邮件','测试email')
最后,C#实现邮件发送
C#实现邮件发送,需要引入System.Net.Mail
public class NetMail
{
public string smtpServer = "smtp.qq.com"; //SMTP服务器
public string mailFrom = "********@qq.com";
public string mailTo;
public string userPassword = "**********";
public NetMail(string mailto)
{
mailTo = mailto;
}
public bool SendMail(string to_addr, string subject, string body, string stmp = "smtp.qq.com", string from_addr = "*******@qq.com", string password = "**********")
{
// 邮件服务设置
SmtpClient smtpClient = new SmtpClient();
smtpClient.EnableSsl = true;//由于使用了授权码必须设置该属性为true
smtpClient.DeliveryMethod = SmtpDeliveryMethod.Network;//指定电子邮件发送方式
smtpClient.Host = smtpServer; //指定SMTP服务器
smtpClient.Credentials = new System.Net.NetworkCredential(from_addr, password);//用户名和密码
// 发送邮件设置
MailMessage mailMessage = new MailMessage(from_addr, to_addr); // 发送人和收件人
mailMessage.Subject = subject;//主题
mailMessage.Body = body;//内容
mailMessage.BodyEncoding = Encoding.UTF8;//正文编码
mailMessage.IsBodyHtml = true;//设置为HTML格式
mailMessage.Priority = MailPriority.Low;//优先级
try
{
smtpClient.Send(mailMessage); // 发送邮件
return true;
}
catch (Exception)
{
return false;
throw;
}
}
}