Spring Boot学习笔记（十七）Spring Boot RabbitMQ基本使用以及Topic Exchange, Fanout Exchange -- 实战篇

Spring Boot RabbitMQ基本使用以及Topic Exchange, Fanout Exchange – 实战篇

Github: IDEA Spring Boot RabbitMQ 消息队列

初始化项目





项目结构


测试一：RabbitMQ的简单使用

• 初始化项目后，请自行搜索 win 10 rabbitMQ 安装

• 安装完毕之后配置项目的 pom.xml， 其实就是添加以下依赖：

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
    </dependency>
  

  pom.xml 完整文件：

  <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
  <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
           xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
      <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
      <parent>
          <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
          <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
          <version>2.1.9.RELEASE</version>
          <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
      </parent>
      <groupId>wen</groupId>
      <artifactId>rabbitmq</artifactId>
      <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
      <name>rabbitmq</name>
      <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
  
      <properties>
          <java.version>1.8</java.version>
      </properties>
  
      <dependencies>
          <dependency>
              <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
              <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
          </dependency>
  
          <dependency>
              <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
              <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
              <scope>test</scope>
          </dependency>
  
          <dependency>
              <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
              <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
          </dependency>
  
      </dependencies>
  
      <build>
          <plugins>
              <plugin>
                  <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                  <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
              </plugin>
          </plugins>
      </build>
  
  </project>
  
  

• 接下来设置 项目目录 resources下的 application.properties 文件，配置 rabbitmq 的安装地址、端口及账户信息：

  spring.rabbitmq.host=127.0.0.1
  spring.rabbitmq.port=5672
  spring.rabbitmq.username=guest
  spring.rabbitmq.password=guest
  

• 定义队列 config包下 RabbitConfig.java, 测试一用到的队列是

      @Bean
      public Queue Queue() {
          return new Queue("hello");
      }
  

  RabbitConfig.java 完整代码：

  package wen.rabbitmq.config;
  
  import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
  import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
  import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
  
  @Configuration
  public class RabbitConfig {
  
      @Bean
      public Queue Queue() {
          return new Queue("hello");
      }
  
      @Bean
      public Queue StephanieQueue() {
          return new Queue("Stephanie");
      }
  
      @Bean
      public Queue objectQueue() {
          return new Queue("many to many");
      }
  
      @Bean
      public Queue UserQueue() {
          return new Queue("user");
      }
  }
  
  

• 定义发送者， AmqpTemplate 是 Spring Boot 提供的默认实现：

  package wen.rabbitmq.oto.sender;
  
  import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate;
  import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
  import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
  
  import java.util.Date;
  
  @Component
  public class HelloSender {
  
      @Autowired
      private AmqpTemplate rabbitTemplate;
  
      public void send() {
          String context = "hello " + new Date();
          System.out.println("Hello Sender: " + context);
          this.rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("hello", context);
      }
  }
  
  

• 定义接收者，注意使用注解 @RabbitListener ，使用 queues 指明队列名称， @RabbitHandler 为具体接收的方法，注意，发送者和接收者的 queue name 必须一致，不然不能接收：

  package wen.rabbitmq.oto.receiver;
  
  import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitHandler;
  import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
  import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
  
  @Component
  @RabbitListener(queues = "hello")
  public class HelloReceiver {
  
      @RabbitHandler
      public void process(String hello) {
          System.out.println("Hello Receiver : " + hello);
      }
  
  }
  
  

• 测试代码：

  package wen.rabbitmq;
  
  import org.junit.Test;
  import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
  import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
  import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
  import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
  import wen.rabbitmq.fanout.send.FanoutSender;
  import wen.rabbitmq.model.User;
  import wen.rabbitmq.ntn.sender.SenderOne;
  import wen.rabbitmq.ntn.sender.SenderTwo;
  import wen.rabbitmq.object.sender.ObjectSender;
  import wen.ra