Linux下分析进程segment fault的方法

原博客地址：
https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_42263483/article/details/80868034
http://blog.itpub.net/29785807/viewspace-2154535/

长时间不用，命令容易忘，记录一下，以备忘．

1. 程序在编译时，记得加 -g　选项，以生成带符号表的目标程序．

2. 执行：

ulimit -c unlimited

问题现象
[chenjch@chen cjc]$ ulimit -c unlimited
-bash: ulimit: core file size: cannot modify limit: Operation not permitted

问题原因
chenjch用户没有权限
[chenjch@chen cjc]$ ulimit -a
core file size (blocks, -c) 0
…

解决方案：
[root@chen cjc]$ vi /etc/security/limits.conf
chenjch hard core unlimited
chenjch soft core unlimited

[chenjch@chen cjc]$ ulimit -c unlimited

3. 段错误发生后，执行：

gdb ./程序名 ./core
 
 

示例：

 
 

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    

     
     Queue is empty: 
     
     TRUE
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    

     
     Queue is full: 
     
     FALSE
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    

     
     Element number 
     
     in Queue: 
     
     0
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    

     
     We are going to add 
     
     5 elements into queue:
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    

     
     enqueue ok: q->data[
     
     0]=The first element
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    

     
     enqueue ok: q->data[
     
     1]=
     
     2:aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    

     
     enqueue ok: q->data[
     
     2]=
     
     3:The third element
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    

     
     enqueue ok: q->data[
     
     3]=
     
     4:Bejing Beijing
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    

     
     enqueue ok: q->data[
     
     4]=
     
     5:The fivth element
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    

     
     Queue is empty: 
     
     FALSE
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    

     
     Queue is full: 
     
     FALSE
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    

     
     Element number 
     
     in Queue: 
     
     5
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    

     
     We are going to remove 
     
     2 elements from queue:
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    

     
     段错误 (核心已转储)
    
    
   
   
 
 

执行gdb ./Queue ./core

 
 

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    

     
     $ gdb ./Queue ./core 
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    

     
     GNU gdb (Ubuntu 
     
     7.11
     
     .1
     
     -0ubuntu1~
     
     16.5) 
     
     7.11
     
     .1
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    

     
     Copyright (C) 
     
     2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    

     
     License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 
     
     3 or later <http:
     
     //gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    

     
     This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    

     
     There is 
     
     NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.  Type 
     
     "show copying"
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    

     
     and 
     
     "show warranty" 
     
     for details.
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    

     
     This GDB was configured as 
     
     "x86_64-linux-gnu".
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    

     
     Type 
     
     "show configuration" 
     
     for configuration details.
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    

     
     For bug reporting instructions, please see:
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    

     
     <http:
     
     //www.gnu.org/software/gdb/bugs/>.
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    

     
     Find the GDB manual and other documentation resources online at:
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    

     
     <http:
     
     //www.gnu.org/software/gdb/documentation/>.
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    

     
     For help, type 
     
     "help".
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    

     
     Type 
     
     "apropos word" to search 
     
     for commands related to 
     
     "word"...
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    

     
     Reading symbols from ./Queue...done.
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    
 
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    

     
     warning: exec file is newer than core file.
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    

     
     [New LWP 
     
     5377]
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    

     
     Core was generated by `./Queue
     
     '.
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    

     
     Program terminated with signal SIGSEGV, Segmentation fault.
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    

     
     #0  
     
     strlen ()
     
      at ../sysdeps/x86_64/strlen.S:106
    
    
   
   

   
   

    
    

   
   
   
   

    
    

     
     106	../sysdeps/x86_64/strlen.S: 没有那个文件或目录.
    
    
   
   
strlen () at ../sysdeps/x86_64/strlen.S:106
106	../sysdeps/x86_64/strlen.S: 没有那个文件或目录.
 
 

strlen()出错，这种一般因为入参为空指针，顺着代码排查即可．