springboot + dubbo 整合 zipkin 实现链路追踪

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springboot + dubbo 整合 zipkin 实现链路追踪

示例说明

本篇文章涉及三个微服务，分别为 dubbo-gateway，dubbo-alipay，dubbo-order，调用流程如下图所示：

zipkin 下载和启动

zipkin 下载地址为 https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/io/zipkin/zipkin-server/，选择 zipkin-server-x.x.x-exec.jar 下载到本地。

在 zipkin 下载目录下，打开命令行窗口，运行 java -jar zipkin-server-x.x.x-exec.jar 启动，启动成功后如下图：

浏览器输入 http://localhost:9411，如下图所示：

pom 文件配置

向以上三个服务的 pom 文件中导入链路追踪需要的 jar 包

		<!--链路追踪-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.zipkin.brave</groupId>
            <artifactId>brave-bom</artifactId>
            <version>5.13.10</version>
            <type>pom</type>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.zipkin.reporter2</groupId>
            <artifactId>zipkin-reporter-bom</artifactId>
            <version>2.16.3</version>
            <type>pom</type>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.zipkin.brave</groupId>
            <artifactId>brave-instrumentation-dubbo</artifactId>
            <version>5.13.10</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.zipkin.brave</groupId>
            <artifactId>brave-spring-beans</artifactId>
            <version>5.13.10</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.zipkin.brave</groupId>
            <artifactId>brave-context-slf4j</artifactId>
            <version>5.13.10</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.zipkin.reporter2</groupId>
            <artifactId>zipkin-sender-okhttp3</artifactId>
            <version>2.16.3</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.zipkin.brave</groupId>
            <artifactId>brave-instrumentation-spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>5.13.10</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.zipkin.brave</groupId>
            <artifactId>brave-instrumentation-httpclient</artifactId>
            <version>5.13.10</version>
        </dependency>

yml 文件配置

向以上三个服务的 yml 文件中增加如下配置：

dubbo:
	provider:
    	filter: tracing
	consumer:
    	filter: tracing

zipkin:
  enable: true
  base:
    url: http://127.0.0.1:9411/api/v2/spans # 注意，不可缺少 /api/v2/spans

链路追踪配置类

在以上三个微服务的 config 目录下创建链路追踪配置类，其内容如下：

package com.stylefeng.guns.alipay.config;

import brave.CurrentSpanCustomizer;
import brave.SpanCustomizer;
import brave.Tracing;
import brave.context.slf4j.MDCScopeDecorator;
import brave.http.HttpTracing;
import brave.propagation.B3Propagation;
import brave.propagation.ExtraFieldPropagation;
import brave.propagation.ThreadLocalCurrentTraceContext;
import brave.rpc.RpcTracing;
import brave.sampler.Sampler;
import brave.servlet.TracingFilter;
import brave.spring.webmvc.SpanCustomizingAsyncHandlerInterceptor;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnBean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Import;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.InterceptorRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer;
import zipkin2.Span;
import zipkin2.codec.Encoding;
import zipkin2.reporter.AsyncReporter;
import zipkin2.reporter.Sender;
import zipkin2.reporter.okhttp3.OkHttpSender;

import javax.servlet.Filter;

/**
 * @ClassName TracingConfig
 * @Description TODO
 * @Author 听秋
 * @Date 2022/7/29 10:33
 * @Version 1.0
 **/
@Configuration
@Import(SpanCustomizingAsyncHandlerInterceptor.class)
public class TracingConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {

    @Bean
    Sender sender(@Value("${zipkin.base.url}") String url) {
        return OkHttpSender.newBuilder()
                .encoding(Encoding.PROTO3)
                .endpoint(url)
                .build();
    }

    /**
     * Configuration for how to buffer spans into messages for Zipkin
     */
    @Bean
    @ConditionalOnBean(Sender.class)
    AsyncReporter<Span> spanReporter(Sender sender) {
        AsyncReporter.Builder builder = AsyncReporter.builder(sender);
        builder.queuedMaxSpans(50000);
        builder.queuedMaxBytes(104857600);
        return builder.build();
    }


    /**
     * Controls aspects of tracing such as the service name that shows up in the UI
     */
    @Bean
    Tracing tracing(@Value("${dubbo.application.name}") String applicationName, @Value("${zipkin.enable:false}") Boolean enable, @Autowired(required = false) AsyncReporter spanReporter) {
        Tracing.Builder builder = Tracing.newBuilder()
                .localServiceName(applicationName)
                .propagationFactory(ExtraFieldPropagation.newFactory(B3Propagation.FACTORY, "dubbo-alipay"))
                .currentTraceContext(ThreadLocalCurrentTraceContext.newBuilder()
                        // puts trace IDs into logs
                        .addScopeDecorator(MDCScopeDecorator.create())
                        .build()
                );
        if (enable) {
            builder.spanReporter(spanReporter);
            builder.sampler(Sampler.ALWAYS_SAMPLE);
        } else {
            builder.sampler(Sampler.NEVER_SAMPLE);
        }
        return builder.build();
    }

    @Bean
    SpanCustomizer spanCustomizer(Tracing tracing) {
        return CurrentSpanCustomizer.create(tracing);
    }

    /**
     * Decides how to name and tag spans. By default they are named the same as the http method
     */
    @Bean
    HttpTracing httpTracing(Tracing tracing) {
        return HttpTracing.create(tracing);
    }


    @Bean
    RpcTracing rpcTracing(Tracing tracing) {
        return RpcTracing.create(tracing);
    }

    /**
     * Creates server spans for http requests
     */
    @Bean
    Filter tracingFilter(HttpTracing httpTracing) {
        return TracingFilter.create(httpTracing);

    }

    @Autowired
    SpanCustomizingAsyncHandlerInterceptor webMvcTracingCustomizer;

    /**
     * Decorates server spans with application-defined web tags
     */
    @Override
    public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
        registry.addInterceptor(webMvcTracingCustomizer);
    }
}

日志文件配置

在以上三个微服务的 resource 目录下创建 logback-spring.xml 文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!-- 日志级别从低到高分为TRACE < DEBUG < INFO < WARN < ERROR < FATAL，如果设置为WARN，则低于WARN的信息都不会输出 -->
<!-- scan:当此属性设置为true时，配置文件如果发生改变，将会被重新加载，默认值为true -->
<!-- scanPeriod:设置监测配置文件是否有修改的时间间隔，如果没有给出时间单位，默认单位是毫秒。当scan为true时，此属性生效。默认的时间间隔为1分钟。 -->
<!-- debug:当此属性设置为true时，将打印出logback内部日志信息，实时查看logback运行状态。默认值为false。 -->
<configuration scan="true" scanPeriod="10 seconds">
    <!--    <include resource="org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/base.xml"
            /> -->
    <contextName>Logback For Basic Platform</contextName>
    <!-- name的值是变量的名称，value的值时变量定义的值。通过定义的值会被插入到logger上下文中。定义变量后，可以使“${}”来使用变量。 -->

    <!-- 定义日志文件 输入位置 -->
    <springProperty scope="context" name="logDir" source="custom.log.dir" defaultValue="C:/logback/gateway"/>

    <!-- 定义日志文件 输出级别 -->
    <springProperty scope="context" name="logLevel" source="custom.log.level" defaultValue="info"/>

    <!-- 日志最大的历史 30天 -->
    <springProperty scope="context" name="logMaxHistory" source="custom.log.max-history" defaultValue="180"/>

    <!-- 控制台输出日志 -->
    <appender name="STDOUT" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
        <encoder>
            <pattern>%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} 【%X{traceId},%X{spanId},%X{parentId}】 [%thread] %-5level %logger-%msg%n %ex{5}</pattern>
            <charset class="java.nio.charset.Charset">UTF-8</charset>
        </encoder>
    </appender>


    <!--文件日志， 按照每天生成日志文件 -->
    <appender name="FILE" class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender">
        <rollingPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.SizeAndTimeBasedRollingPolicy">
            <!--日志文件输出的文件名-->
            <fileNamePattern>${logDir}/%d{yyyy-MM-dd}/pf.%i.log.zip</fileNamePattern>

            <maxFileSize>50MB</maxFileSize>  <!-- 日志文件过大会使的编辑器打开非常慢，因此设置日志最大50MB -->
            <!--日志文件保留天数-->
            <maxHistory>${logMaxHistory}</maxHistory>
            <totalSizeCap>10GB</totalSizeCap>  <!-- 总日志大小 -->
        </rollingPolicy>
        <encoder class="ch.qos.logback.classic.encoder.PatternLayoutEncoder">
            <!--格式化输出：%d表示日期，%thread表示线程名，%-5level：级别从左显示5个字符宽度%msg：日志消息，%n是换行符-->
            <pattern>%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} 【%X{traceId},%X{spanId},%X{parentId}】 [%thread] %-5level %logger-%msg%n %ex{5}</pattern>
        </encoder>
    </appender>

    <!-- 异步输出 -->
    <appender name="dayLogAsyncAppender" class="ch.qos.logback.classic.AsyncAppender">
        <includeCallerData>true</includeCallerData>
        <!-- 不丢失日志.默认的,如果队列的80%已满,则会丢弃TRACT、DEBUG、INFO级别的日志 -->
        <discardingThreshold>0</discardingThreshold>
        <!-- 更改默认的队列的深度,该值会影响性能.默认值为256 -->
        <queueSize>512</queueSize>
        <appender-ref ref="FILE"/>
    </appender>


    <!--专为 spring 定制
     -->
    <logger name="org.springframework" level="${logLevel}"/>

    <!-- root级别 DEBUG -->
    <root level="${logLevel}">
        <!-- 控制台输出 -->
        <appender-ref ref="STDOUT" />
        <!-- 文件输出 -->
        <appender-ref ref="dayLogAsyncAppender" />
    </root>
</configuration>

验证

编写接口和方法验证以上三个微服务的链路追踪情况（此处省略）。

访问 http://localhost:9411/，将看到如下请求链路：