网络层:IP, ICMP(Internet Control Message Protocol), ARP(Address Resolution Protocol), RARP(Reverse Address Resolution Protocol) 传输层:UDP(User Datagram Protocol), TCP(Transmission Control Protocol) 应用层:FTP(File Transfer Protocol), Telnet(Internet远程登录服务的标准协议和主要方式), DNS(Domain Name System), SMTP(Simple Mail Transfer Protocol), HTTP(HyperText Transfer Protocol)