python的__call__函数

 __call__

Python中有一个有趣的语法，只要定义类型的时候，实现__call__函数，这个类型就成为可调用的。

换句话说，我们可以把这个类型的对象当作函数来使用，相当于 重载了括号运算符。

class g_dpm(object):

def __init__(self, g):

self.g = g

def __call__(self, t):

return (self.g*t**2)/2

计算地球场景的时候，我们就可以令e_dpm = g_dpm(9.8)，s = e_dpm(t)。

 

1.      
        
   
          
          
   
           
           class Animal
           
           (
           
           object
           
           ):
          
          
   
          
          
       
           
           def 
           
           __init__
           
           (
           
           self, name, legs
           
           ):
          
          
   
          
          
           
           
           self.
           
           name = name
          
          
   
          
          
           
           
           self.
           
           legs = legs
          
          
   
          
          
           
           
           self.
           
           stomach = 
           
           [
           
           ]        
          
          
   
          
          
   
           
            
          
          
   
          
          
       
           
           def 
           
           __call__
           
           (
           
           self,food
           
           ):
          
          
   
          
          
           
           
           self.
           
           stomach.
           
           append
           
           (food
           
           )
          
          
   
          
          
   
           
            
          
          
   
          
          
       
           
           def poop
           
           (
           
           self
           
           ):
          
          
   
          
          
           
           
           if 
           
           len
           
           (
           
           self.
           
           stomach
           
           ) > 
           
           0:
          
          
   
          
          
               
           
           return 
           
           self.
           
           stomach.
           
           pop
           
           (
           
           0
           
           )
          
          
   
          
          
   
           
            
          
          
   
          
          
       
           
           def 
           
           __str__
           
           (
           
           self
           
           ):        
          
          
   
          
          
           
           
           return 
           
           'A animal named %s' % 
           
           (
           
           self.
           
           name
           
           )       
          
          
   
          
          
   
           
            
          
          
   
          
          
   
           
           cow = Animal
           
           (
           
           'king', 
           
           4
           
           )  
           
           #We make a cow
          
          
   
          
          
   
           
           dog = Animal
           
           (
           
           'flopp', 
           
           4
           
           ) 
           
           #We can make many animals
          
          
   
          
          
   
           
           print 
           
           'We have 2 animales a cow name %s and dog named %s,both have %s legs' % 
           
           (cow.
           
           name, dog.
           
           name, cow.
           
           legs
           
           )
          
          
   
          
          
   
           
           print cow  
           
           #here __str__ metod work
          
          
   
          
          
   
           
            
          
          
   
          
          
   
           
           #We give food to cow
          
          
   
          
          
   
           
           cow
           
           (
           
           'gras'
           
           )
          
          
   
          
          
   
           
           print cow.
           
           stomach
          
          
   
          
          
   
           
            
          
          
   
          
          
   
           
           #We give food to dog
          
          
   
          
          
   
           
           dog
           
           (
           
           'bone'
           
           )
          
          
   
          
          
   
           
           dog
           
           (
           
           'beef'
           
           )
          
          
   
          
          
   
           
           print dog.
           
           stomach
          
          
   
          
          
   
           
            
          
          
   
          
          
   
           
           #What comes inn most come out
          
          
   
          
          
   
           
           print cow.
           
           poop
           
           (
           
           )
          
          
   
          
          
   
           
           print cow.
           
           stomach  
           
           #Empty stomach
          
          
   
          
          
   
           
            
          
          
   
          
          
   
           
           ''
           
           '-->output
          
          
   
          
          
   
           
           We have 2 animales a cow name king and dog named flopp,both have 4 legs
          
          
   
          
          
   
           
           A animal named king
          
          
   
          
          
   
           
           ['gras
           
           ']
          
          
   
          
          
   
           
           ['bone
           
           ', 'beef
           
           ']
          
          
   
          
          
   
           
           gras
          
          
   
          
          
   
           
           []
          
          
   
          
          
   
           
           '
           
           ''