springboot--redis解决分布式锁--使用watchDog机制解决超时引起的线程安全问题

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已于 2023-07-05 17:23:36 修改

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文章标签： redis 分布式数据库

于 2023-07-05 17:22:34 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/WQGuang/article/details/131559744

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锁: 保证程序的原子性操作。

我们在单台服务器运行多线程的时候，会出现重买超卖的情况，这个时候可以通过加锁来保证代码的原子性操作，但是当我们多台服务器对应一个数据库的时候，依旧会出现线程安全问题，这个时候该怎么解决

加锁：可以使用：synchronized或lock锁---本地JVM解决

redis解决--分布式锁

使用分布式锁

项目：

pom依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.3.5.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.ykq</groupId>
    <artifactId>distrinct-lock</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>distrinct-lock</name>
    <description>分布式锁</description>

    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.redisson</groupId>
            <artifactId>redisson</artifactId>
            <version>3.13.4</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>2.1.3</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
                    <artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

配置类

server.port=8001
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=123456789
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/distrinct-lock?serverTimezone=UTC
mybatis.mapper-locations=classpath:/mapper/*.xml

spring.redis.host=192.168.75.129
spring.redis.port=6379

mapper.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.ykq.distrinctlock.dao.ProductStockDao">

  <select id="findStockByProductId" resultType="integer">
     select num from tbl_stock where productId=#{productId}
  </select>

  <update id="updateStockByProductId">
      update tbl_stock set num=num-1  where productId=#{productId}
  </update>
</mapper>

controller层

@RestController
@RequestMapping("productStock")
public class ProductStockController {
    @Autowired
    private ProductStockService productStockService;
    //减库存 restful风格.再地址栏作为参数
    @RequestMapping("decreaseStock/{productId}")
    public String decreaseStock(@PathVariable("productId") Integer productId){
        return productStockService.decreaseStock(productId);
    }
}

dao层

@Mapper
public interface ProductStockDao {

    public Integer findStockByProductId(Integer id);

    public void updateStockByProductId(Integer id);
}

service层

public interface ProductStockService {
    //减少库存
    public String decreaseStock( Integer productId);
}

实现代码（主要）

@Service
public class ProductStockServiceImpl2 implements ProductStockService {
    @Autowired
    private ProductStockDao productStockDao;

    
    //分布式锁
  @Autowired
    private StringRedisTemplate redisTemplate;

    @Override
    public String decreaseStock(Integer productId) {
        ValueOperations<String, String> forValue = redisTemplate.opsForValue();
        Boolean flag = forValue.setIfAbsent("product:" + productId, "ykq郑帅", 30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
        if (flag) {//表示获取分布锁成功
            try {
                //查看该商品的库存数量
                Integer stock = productStockDao.findStockByProductId(productId);
                if (stock > 0) {
                    //修改库存每次-1
                    productStockDao.updateStockByProductId(productId);
                    System.out.println("扣减成功！剩余库存数:" + (stock - 1));
                    return "success";
                } else {
                    System.out.println("扣减失败！库存不足！");
                    return "fail";
                }
            } finally {
                redisTemplate.delete("product:" + productId);//释放锁资源
            }
        } else {
            try {
                Thread.sleep(200);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            return decreaseStock(productId);
        }
    }
}

演示:

配置nginx

使用JMeter压测

缺陷: 当程序执行时间超过锁的时间。还是会发生线程安全问题

解决: 使用watch dog机制。----第三方框架完成redisson

使用watch dog机制解决当程序执行时间超过锁的时间导致的线程安全问题

超详细的Redisson实现分布式锁原理解析

创建Redisson

@Configuration
public class Redisson {
    @Bean
    public RedissonClient redissonClient(){
        Config config = new Config();
        config.useSingleServer()
                // use "rediss://" for SSL connection
                .setAddress("redis://192.168.75.129:6379");
        RedissonClient redissonClient = org.redisson.Redisson.create(config);
        return redissonClient;
    }


}

在service中使用

@Service
public class ProductStockServiceImpl2 implements ProductStockService {
    @Autowired
    private ProductStockDao productStockDao;


    //看门狗机制--守护线程
    @Autowired
    private Redisson redisson;

    @Override
    public String decreaseStock(Integer productId) {
        RedissonClient redissonClient = redisson.redissonClient();
        RLock lock = redissonClient.getLock("product:" + productId);
        try {
            lock.lock(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS); //这里的锁时间必须是30s
            //查看该商品的库存数量
            Integer stock = productStockDao.findStockByProductId(productId);
            if (stock > 0) {
                //修改库存每次-1
                productStockDao.updateStockByProductId(productId);
                System.out.println("扣减成功！剩余库存数:" + (stock - 1));
                return "success";
            } else {
                System.out.println("扣减失败！库存不足！");
                return "fail";
            }
        } finally {
            lock.unlock();//释放锁
        }

    }

使用JMeter压测