Java多线程的3种实现方法:Thread,Runnable,Callable

1、继承Thread类，重写run方法

public class Main {
    static public void main(String[] args){
        Thread thread = new Thread(){
            public void run(){
                System.out.println("正在执行的线程名:" + Thread.currentThread().getName());
            }
        };
        thread.setName("自定义的线程");
        thread.run();   //正在执行的线程名:main
        thread.start(); //正在执行的线程名:自定义的线程
    }
}

方法优点：直接使用匿名类实现，实现简单。

方法缺点：无法传入参数，也无法获得返回值

2、实现Runnable接口，交给Thread执行

public class Main {
    static public void main(String[] args){
        Runnable runnable = new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                System.out.println("正在执行的线程名:" + Thread.currentThread().getName());
            }
        };

        Thread thread = new Thread(runnable);
        thread.setName("自定义的线程");
        thread.run();   //正在执行的线程名:main
        thread.start(); //正在执行的线程名:自定义的线程
    }
}

3、实现Callable接口，配合FutureTask，交给Thread，可以传入参数，也可以获取结果

public class Main {
    static public void main(String[] args) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
        Callable<Integer> callable = new Callable<Integer>() {
            @Override
            public Integer call() throws Exception {
                System.out.println("线程名："+ Thread.currentThread().getName()+". 正在执行逻辑");
                return 99999;
            }
        };
        FutureTask<Integer> futureTask = new FutureTask<Integer>(callable);

        Thread thread = new Thread(futureTask);
        thread.start();
        while(!futureTask.isDone());
        System.out.println(futureTask.get());
    }
}

4、Callable配合线程池，使用Future获取结果

public class Main {
    static public void main(String[] args) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
        Callable<Integer> callable = new Callable<Integer>() {
            @Override
            public Integer call() throws Exception {
                System.out.println("线程名："+ Thread.currentThread().getName()+". 正在执行逻辑");
                return 99999;
            }
        };
        ExecutorService executor = new ThreadPoolExecutor(5, Integer.MAX_VALUE,
                60L, TimeUnit.SECONDS,
                new SynchronousQueue<Runnable>());
        Future future = executor.submit(callable);
        while(!future.isDone());
        System.out.println(future.get());
    }
}

//alibaba编码规范要求创建线程池使用ThreadPoolExecutor