List Except 操作，IEqualityComparer 使用

1.此接口用于对集合 的自定义相等比较算法的实现。包含2个方法：

• Equals(T,T): 确定指定的对象是否相等。 T 为要比较的对象类型；
• GetHashCode(T) :返回指定对象的哈希代码。如果两个对象的Equal
  比较结果相等，则他们hashCode返回的对象也必须返回同一个值；

2.官方建议继承 EqualityComparer<T> 而不是实现 IEqualityComparer<T>

3.

Union()

这个方法将会Union(并集)两个序列(集合)连接成一个新列表(集合)

public static IEnumerable<TSource> Union<TSource>(this IEnumerable<TSource> first, IEnumerable<TSource> second)

public static IEnumerable<TSource> Union<TSource>(this IEnumerable<TSource> first,IEnumerable<TSource> second, IEqualityComparer<TSource> comparer)

Intersect ()

它将产生两个序列的交集.

方法定义是:

public static IEnumerable<TSource> Intersect<TSource>(this IEnumerable<TSource> first, IEnumerable<TSource> second) 

public static IEnumerable<TSource> Intersect<TSource>(this IEnumerable<TSource> first, Enumerable<TSource> second,IEqualityComparer<TSource> comparer) 

Except ()

它是从一个集合中删除存在另一个集合中的项.两个序列产生的集合差. 英文意思是：除此之外

方法定义是:

public static IEnumerable<TSource> Except<TSource>(this IEnumerable<TSource> first, IEnumerable<TSource> second) 
public static IEnumerable<TSource> Except<TSource>(this IEnumerable<TSource> first, IEnumerable<TSource> second, IEqualityComparer<TSource> comparer)

实例代码分别如下：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;

namespace Test
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            IList<Student> oneStudents = new List<Student>();
            oneStudents.Add(new Student(1, false, "小新1", "徐汇"));
            oneStudents.Add(new Student(2, false, "小新2", "闵行"));
            oneStudents.Add(new Student(3, false, "小新3", "嘉定"));
            oneStudents.Add(new Student(4, false, "小新4", "闸北"));

            IList<Student> twoStudents = new List<Student>();
            twoStudents.Add(new Student(5, false, "小新5", "贵州"));
            twoStudents.Add(new Student(6, false, "小新6", "湖北"));
            twoStudents.Add(new Student(7, false, "小新7", "山东"));
            twoStudents.Add(new Student(8, false, "小新8", "西藏"));

            IList<Student> threeStudents = new List<Student>();
            threeStudents.Add(new Student(1, false, "小新1", "徐汇"));
            threeStudents.Add(new Student(2, false, "小新2", "闵行"));
            var bingji = oneStudents.Union(twoStudents, new StudentListEquality()).ToList();//并（全）集 
            var jiaoji = oneStudents.Intersect(threeStudents, new StudentListEquality()).ToList();//交集 
            var chaji = oneStudents.Except(threeStudents, new StudentListEquality()).ToList();//差集

            Console.WriteLine();
            Console.WriteLine("以下是并集的结果");
            bingji.ForEach(x =>
            {
                Console.WriteLine(x.StudentId.ToString() + "    " + x.Sex.ToString() + "   " + x.Name.ToString() + " " + x.Address.ToString());

            });
            Console.WriteLine();
            Console.WriteLine("以下是交集的结果");
            jiaoji.ForEach(x =>
            {
                Console.WriteLine(x.StudentId.ToString() + "    " + x.Sex.ToString() + "   " + x.Name.ToString() + " " + x.Address.ToString());

            });

            Console.WriteLine();
            Console.WriteLine("以下是差集的结果");
            chaji.ForEach(x =>
            {
                Console.WriteLine(x.StudentId.ToString() + "    " + x.Sex.ToString() + "   " + x.Name.ToString() + " " + x.Address.ToString());

            });

            Console.ReadKey();
        }

    }

    public class Student
    {
        public Student(int studentId, bool sex, String name, String address)
        {
            this.StudentId = studentId;
            this.Sex = sex;
            this.Name = name;
            this.Address = address;
        }
        public int StudentId { get; set; }
        public bool Sex { get; set; }
        public String Name { get; set; }
        public String Address { get; set; }

    }
    public class StudentListEquality : IEqualityComparer<Student>
    {
        public bool Equals(Student x, Student y)
        {
            return x.StudentId == y.StudentId;
        }

        public int GetHashCode(Student obj)
        {
            if (obj == null)
            {
                return 0;
            }
            else
            {
                return obj.ToString().GetHashCode();
            }
        }
    }

}

https://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/bb336390(v=vs.110).aspx

运行结果如图: