多线程实现消费者和生产者模式

https://segmentfault.com/a/1190000024444906

一、介绍

1.什么是生产者和消费者模式

生产者和消费者模式是通过一个容器来解决生产者和消费者的强耦合问题。生产者和消费者彼此并不直接通信，而是通过阻塞队列进行通信，所以生产者生产完数据后不用等待消费者进行处理，而是直接扔给阻塞队列，消费者不找生产者要数据，而是直接从阻塞队列中获取数据，阻塞队列就相当于一个缓冲区，平衡生产者和消费者的处理能力。

二、代码

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Random;
//定义prdouct类
public class Product  {
    private String name;
    public Product(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
}

//生产者线程
public class Producer implements Runnable{
    private Queue<Product> queue;
    private int maxCapacity;

    public Producer(Queue queue, int maxCapacity) {
        this.queue = queue;
        this.maxCapacity = maxCapacity;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        synchronized (queue) {
            while (queue.size() == maxCapacity) { //一定要用 while，而不是 if，下文解释
                try {
                    System.out.println("生产者" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "等待中... Queue 已达到最大容量，无法生产");
                    wait();
                    System.out.println("生产者" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "退出等待");
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            if (queue.size() == 0) { //队列里的产品从无到有，需要通知在等待的消费者
                queue.notifyAll();
            }
            Random random = new Random();
            Integer i = random.nextInt();
            queue.offer(new Product("产品"  + i.toString()));
            System.out.println("生产者" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "生产了产品：" + i.toString());
        }
    }
}
//消费者线程
public class Consumer implements Runnable{
    private Queue<Product> queue;
    private int maxCapacity;

    public Consumer(Queue queue, int maxCapacity) {
        this.queue = queue;
        this.maxCapacity = maxCapacity;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        synchronized (queue) {
            while (queue.isEmpty()) {
                try {
                    System.out.println("消费者" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "等待中... Queue 已缺货，无法消费");
                    wait();
                    System.out.println("消费者" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "退出等待");
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            if (queue.size() == maxCapacity) {
                queue.notifyAll();
            }

            Product product = queue.poll();
            System.out.println("消费者" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "消费了：" + product.getName());
        }
    }
}
//主方法
public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Queue<Product> queue = new ArrayDeque<>();

        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
            new Thread(new Producer(queue, 100)).start();
            new Thread(new Consumer(queue, 100)).start();
        }
    }
}