ping.c

#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <netinet/ip.h>
#include <netinet/ip_icmp.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <syslog.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

#define PACKET_SIZE       4096
#define ERROR             0
#define SUCCESS           1

// 效验算法
unsigned short cal_chksum(unsigned short *addr, int len)
{
    int nleft=len;
    int sum=0;
    unsigned short *w=addr;
    unsigned short answer=0;

    while(nleft > 1) {
        sum += *w++;
        nleft -= 2;
    }

    if( nleft == 1)    {       
        *(unsigned char *)(&answer) = *(unsigned char *)w;
        sum += answer;
    }

    sum = (sum >> 16) + (sum & 0xffff);
    sum += (sum >> 16);
    answer = ~sum;

    return answer;
}

// ping函数
int ping( char *ips, int timeout)
{
    struct timeval timeo;
    int sockfd;
    struct sockaddr_in addr;
    struct sockaddr_in from;

    struct timeval *tval;
    struct ip *iph;
    struct icmp *icmp;

    char sendpacket[PACKET_SIZE];
    char recvpacket[PACKET_SIZE];

    int n;
    pid_t pid;
    int maxfds = 0;
    fd_set readfds;

    // 设定IP信息
    bzero(&addr,sizeof(addr));
    addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(ips);   

    // 取得socket
    sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_ICMP);
    if (sockfd < 0) {
        printf("ip: %s, socket error\n",ips);
        return ERROR;
    }

    // 设定TimeOut时间
    timeo.tv_sec = timeout / 1000;
    timeo.tv_usec = timeout % 1000;

    if (setsockopt(sockfd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDTIMEO, &timeo, sizeof(timeo)) == -1) {
        printf("ip:%s,setsockopt error\n",ips);
        return ERROR;
    }

    // 设定Ping包
    memset(sendpacket, 0, sizeof(sendpacket));

    // 取得PID，作为Ping的Sequence ID
    pid=getpid();
    int i,packsize;
    icmp=(struct icmp*)sendpacket;
    icmp->icmp_type=ICMP_ECHO;
    icmp->icmp_code=0;
    icmp->icmp_cksum=0;
    icmp->icmp_seq=0;
    icmp->icmp_id=pid;
    packsize=8+56;
    tval= (struct timeval *)icmp->icmp_data;
    gettimeofday(tval,NULL);
    icmp->icmp_cksum=cal_chksum((unsigned short *)icmp,packsize);

    // 发包
    n = sendto(sockfd, (char *)&sendpacket, packsize, 0, (struct sockaddr *)&addr, sizeof(addr));
    if (n < 1) {
        printf("ip:%s,sendto error\n",ips); 
        return ERROR;
    }

    // 接受
    // 由于可能接受到其他Ping的应答消息，所以这里要用循环
    while(1) {
        // 设定TimeOut时间，这次才是真正起作用的
        FD_ZERO(&readfds);
        FD_SET(sockfd, &readfds);
        maxfds = sockfd + 1;
        n = select(maxfds, &readfds, NULL, NULL, &timeo);
        if (n <= 0) {
            printf("ip:%s,Time out error\n",ips);
            close(sockfd);
            return ERROR;
        }

        // 接受
        memset(recvpacket, 0, sizeof(recvpacket));
        int fromlen = sizeof(from);
        n = recvfrom(sockfd, recvpacket, sizeof(recvpacket), 0, (struct sockaddr *)&from, &fromlen);
        if (n < 1) {
            break;
        }

        // 判断是否是自己Ping的回复
        char *from_ip = (char *)inet_ntoa(from.sin_addr);
        printf("from ip:%s\n",from_ip);    
        if (strcmp(from_ip,ips) != 0) {
            printf("ip:%s,Ip wang\n",ips);
            break;
        }

        iph = (struct ip *)recvpacket;
        icmp=(struct icmp *)(recvpacket + (iph->ip_hl<<2));

        printf("ip:%s,icmp->icmp_type:%d,icmp->icmp_id:%d\n",ips,icmp->icmp_type,icmp->icmp_id);

        // 判断ping回复包的状态
        if (icmp->icmp_type == ICMP_ECHOREPLY && icmp->icmp_id == pid) {
            // 正常就退出循环
            break;
        }
        else {
            // 否则继续等
            continue;
        }
    }

    // 关闭socket
    close(sockfd);
    printf("ip:%s,Success\n",ips);
    return SUCCESS;
}


int main(int argc, char ** argv)
{
    char *ip;
    int time_out;
    if (argc != 3) {
        printf("ping ip timeout\n");
        exit(1);
    }

    ip       = argv[1];
    time_out = atoi(argv[2]);

    ping(ip, time_out);

}