- 页面浏览
- 根据webView中维护的页面浏览历史,允许用户向前向后浏览页面。
使用后退键进行网页后退:
/**
* 按键响应,在WebView中查看网页时,按返回键的时候按浏览历史退回,如果不做此项处 理则整个WebView返回退出
*/
@Override
public boolean onKeyDown(int keyCode, KeyEvent event)
{
// Check if the key event was the Back button and if there's history
if ((keyCode == KeyEvent.KEYCODE_BACK) && myWebView.canGoBack())
{
// 返回键退回,返回上一个页面
myWebView.goBack();
return true;
}
// If it wasn't the Back key or there's no web page history, bubble up
// to the default
// system behavior (probably exit the activity)
// 退出H5界面
return super.onKeyDown(keyCode, event);
}
- 拍照或者从文件选择照片
- 申请动态权限
private static final int ACTION_REQUEST_PERMISSIONS = 0x001;
/**
* 所需的所有权限信息
*/
private static final String[] NEEDED_PERMISSIONS = new String[]{
Manifest.permission.CAMERA,
Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,
Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
};
//界面可见的时候申请
@Override
public void initView() {
if (!checkPermissions(NEEDED_PERMISSIONS)) {
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, NEEDED_PERMISSIONS, ACTION_REQUEST_PERMISSIONS);
} else {
//存在权限的操作
....
}
}
/**
* 检查权限
*
* @param neededPermissions
* @return
*/
private boolean checkPermissions(String[] neededPermissions) {
if (neededPermissions == null || neededPermissions.length == 0) {
return true;
}
boolean allGranted = true;
for (String neededPermission : neededPermissions) {
allGranted &= ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, neededPermission) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED;
}
return allGranted;
}
//申请权限返回
@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
if (requestCode == ACTION_REQUEST_PERMISSIONS) {
boolean isAllGranted = true;
for (int grantResult : grantResults) {
isAllGranted &= (grantResult == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED);
}
if (isAllGranted) {
weakHandler = new WeakHandler(this);
weakHandler.sendEmptyMessageDelayed(1, 3000);
} else {
Toast.makeText(this, "权限被拒绝!", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
}
}
-
- android Q对于文件读写引入了新特性,在这个版本中,READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE和WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE均受到了限制,无法再像之前的版本直接获取到文件。如果希望恢复之前的权限逻辑,可以在manifest文件中设置:
android:requestLegacyExternalStorage="true"
-
- 常量,Android版本兼容
//5.0以下使用
private ValueCallback<Uri> uploadMessage;
// 5.0及以上使用
private ValueCallback<Uri[]> uploadMessageAboveL;
//拍照图片路径
private String cameraFielPath;
private final static int FILE_CAMERA_RESULT_CODE = 0x129;
WebView.setWebChromeClient(new WebChromeClient() {
// For Android < 3.0
public void openFileChooser(ValueCallback<Uri> valueCallback) {
uploadMessage = valueCallback;
takeCameraPhoto();
}
// For Android >= 3.0
public void openFileChooser(ValueCallback valueCallback, String acceptType) {
uploadMessage = valueCallback;
takeCameraPhoto();
}
//For Android >= 4.1
public void openFileChooser(ValueCallback<Uri> valueCallback, String acceptType, String capture) {
uploadMessage = valueCallback;
takeCameraPhoto();
}
// For Android >= 5.0
@Override
public boolean onShowFileChooser(WebView webView, ValueCallback<Uri[]> filePathCallback, WebChromeClient.FileChooserParams fileChooserParams) {
uploadMessageAboveL = filePathCallback;
takeCameraPhoto();
return true;
}
});
//调用拍照或文件中选择
private void takeCameraPhoto() {
//拍照图片保存位置
File imageStorageDir = new File(Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_PICTURES), "MyApp");
if (!imageStorageDir.exists()) {
imageStorageDir.mkdirs();
}
cameraFielPath = imageStorageDir + File.separator + "IMG_" + String.valueOf(System.currentTimeMillis()) + ".jpg";
File file = new File(cameraFielPath);
//需要显示应用的意图列表,这个list的顺序和选择菜单上的图标顺序是相关的,请注意。
final List<Intent> cameraIntents = new ArrayList<Intent>();
final Intent captureIntent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);
final PackageManager packageManager = getPackageManager();
//获取手机里所有注册相机接收意图的应用程序,放到意图列表里(无他相机,美颜相机等第三方相机)
final List<ResolveInfo> listCam = packageManager.queryIntentActivities(captureIntent, 0);
for (ResolveInfo res : listCam) {
final String packageName = res.activityInfo.packageName;
final Intent i = new Intent(captureIntent);
i.setComponent(new ComponentName(res.activityInfo.packageName, res.activityInfo.name));
i.setPackage(packageName);
i.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, Uri.fromFile(file));
cameraIntents.add(i);
}
//相册选择器
Intent i = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT);
i.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_OPENABLE);
i.setType("image/*");
//intent选择器
Intent chooserIntent = Intent.createChooser(i, "选择模式");
chooserIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_INITIAL_INTENTS, cameraIntents.toArray(new Parcelable[]{}));
this.startActivityForResult(chooserIntent, FILE_CAMERA_RESULT_CODE);
}
//返回数据监听
@Override
protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
//没有返回值时的处理
if (resultCode != RESULT_OK) {
//需要回调onReceiveValue方法防止下次无法响应js方法
if (uploadMessageAboveL != null) {
uploadMessageAboveL.onReceiveValue(null);
uploadMessageAboveL = null;
}
if (uploadMessage != null) {
uploadMessage.onReceiveValue(null);
uploadMessage = null;
}
return;
}
Uri result = null;
if (requestCode == FILE_CAMERA_RESULT_CODE) {
if (null != data && null != data.getData()) {
result = data.getData();
}
if (result == null) {
result = Uri.fromFile(new File(cameraFielPath));
}
//5.0以上设备的数据处理
if (uploadMessageAboveL != null) {
uploadMessageAboveL.onReceiveValue(new Uri[]{result});
uploadMessageAboveL = null;
} else if (uploadMessage != null) {
//5.0以下设备的数据处理
uploadMessage.onReceiveValue(result);
uploadMessage = null;
}
}
}
- 避免内存泄漏,安全
- 建议不要在xml布局文件中getApplicationgContext()定义Webview控件 ,而是在需要的时候在Activity中直接创建,并且Context上下文对象推荐使用
LinearLayout.LayoutParams params =
new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT, ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT);
webView = new WebView(getApplicationContext());
webView.setLayoutParams(params);
mLayout.addView(webView);
-
- 在Activity销毁(WebView)时,先让WebView加载null内容,然后移除WebView,再销毁WebView,最后把WebView设置为null。
@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
if (webView != null) {
webView.loadDataWithBaseURL(null, "", "text/html", "utf-8", null);
webView.clearHistory();
((ViewGroup) webView.getParent()).removeView(mWebView);
webView.destroy();
webView = null;
}
super.onDestroy();
}