1. 编写一个C++程序,如下述输出示例所示的那样请求并显示信息:
What is your first name? Betty Sue
What is your last name? Yewe
What letter grade do you deserve? B
What is your age? 22
Name: Yewe, Betty Sue
Grade: C
Age: 22
注意,该程序应该接受的名字包含多个单词。另外,程序将向下调整成绩,即向上调一个字母。假设用户请求A 、B 或C, 所以不必担心D 和F 之间的空档。
#include <iostream>
#include<cstring>
using namespace std;
const int Size = 40;
int main() {
char firstname[Size];
char lastname[Size];
char grade;
int age;
cout << "What is your first name? ";
cin.getline(firstname, Size);
cout << "What is your last name? ";
cin.getline(lastname, Size);
cout << "What letter grade do you deserve? ";
cin >> grade;
cout << "What is your age? ";
cin >> age;
grade = grade + 1;
cout << "Name: " << lastname << "," << firstname << endl;
cout << "Grade: " << grade << endl;
cout << "Age: " << age << endl;
}
2. 修改程序清单4.4, 使用C++ string 类而不是char 数组。
//程序清单4.4 instr2.cpp -- reading more than one word with getline
#include <iostream>
int main()
{
using namespace std;
const int ArSize = 20;
char name[ArSize];
char dessert[ArSize];
cout << "Enter your name:\n";
cin.getline(name, ArSize); // reads through newline
cout << "Enter your favorite dessert:\n";
cin.getline(dessert, ArSize);
cout << "I have some delicious" << dessert;
cout << " for you, " << name << ". \n";
return 0;
}
#include <iostream>
#include<cstring>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
string str_name;
string str_dessert;
cout << "Enter your name:\n";
getline(cin, str_name);
cout << "Enter your favorite dessert:\n";
getline(cin, str_dessert);
cout << "I have some delicious " << str_dessert;
cout << " for you, " << str_name << ". \n";
return 0;
}
3. 编写一个程序,它要求用户首先输入其名,然后输入其姓;然后程序使用一个逗号和空格将姓和
名组合起来,并存储和显示组合结果。请使用char 数组和头文件cstring 中的函数。下面是该程序运行时的情形:
Enter your first name: Flip
Enter your last name: Fleming
Here's the information in a single string: Fleming, Flip
#include <iostream>
#include<cstring>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
int main() {
char firstname[30];
char lastname[30];
char Name[30];
cout << "Enter your first name: ";
cin >> firstname;
cout << "Enter your last name: ";
cin >> lastname;
strncpy(Name, lastname, 20);//strcnpy是将指定长度的字符串复制到指定的数组中
strcat(Name, ", ");//将两个char类型连接
strncat(Name, firstname, 20);//在字符串末尾追加n个字符
cout << "Here's the information in a single string: " << Name << endl;
}
4. 编写一个程序,它要求用户首先输入其名,再输入其姓;然后程序使用一个逗号和空格将姓和名
组合起来,并存储和显示组合结果。请使用string 对象和头文件string 中的函数。下面是该程序运行时
的情形:
Enter your first name: Flip
Enter your last name: Fleming
Here's the information in a single string: Fleming, Flip
#include <iostream>
#include<cstring>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
int main() {
string firstname;
string lastname;
string Name;
cout << "Enter your first name: ";
getline(cin, firstname);
cout << "Enter your last name: ";
getline(cin, lastname);
Name = lastname + "," + firstname;
cout << "Here's the information in a single string: " << Name << endl;
}
5. 结构CandyBar 包含3 个成员。第一个成员存储了糖块的品牌;第二个成员存储糖块的重量(可以有小数);第三个成员存储了糖块的卡路里含量(整数)。请编写一个程序,声明这个结构,创建一个名为snack 的CandyBar 变量,并将其成员分别初始化为"Mocha Munch" 、2.3 和350 。初始化应在声明snack时进行。最后,程序显示snack 变量的内容。
#include <iostream>
#include<cstring>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
struct CandyBar {
string name;
double weight;
int calorie;
};
int main() {
CandyBar snack = {
"Mocha Munch" ,
2.3,
350
};
cout << "Candy name is " << snack.name << ", weight is " << snack.weight << " ,calorie content is " << snack.calorie << endl;
}
6. 结构CandyBar 包含3 个成员,如编程练习5 所示。请编写一个程序,创建一个包含3 个元素的
CandyBar 数组,并将它们初始化为所选择的值,然后显示每个结构的内容。
#include <iostream>
#include<cstring>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
struct CandyBar {
string name;
double weight;
int calorie;
};
int main() {
CandyBar snack[3] = {
{"Mocha Munch" ,2.3,350},
{"Alps",3.2,400},
{"Da Bai Tu",3.7,450}
};
cout << "Display the contents of the structure:" << endl;
for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
cout << "Candy name: " << snack[i].name << " weight: " << snack[i].weight << " calorie: " << snack[i].calorie << endl;
}
}
7. William Wingate 从事比萨饼分析服务。对千每个披萨饼,他都需要记录下列信息:
• 披萨饼公司的名称,可以有多个单词组成。
• 披萨饼的直径。
• 披萨饼的重盘。
请设计一个能够存储这些信息的结构,并编写一个使用这种结构变量的程序。程序将请求用户输入上述信息,然后显示这些信息。请使用cin (或它的方法)和cout 。
#include <iostream>
#include<cstring>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
struct Pizza {
string name;
double diameter;
double weight;
};
int main() {
Pizza pizza;
cout << "Input Pizza's information:" << endl;
cout << "name:";
getline(cin, pizza.name);
cout << "diameter:";
cin >> pizza.diameter;
cout << "weight:";
cin >> pizza.weight;
cout << endl;
cout << "Display Pizza's information:" << endl;
cout << "name: " << pizza.name << ", diameter: " << pizza.diameter << ", weight: " << pizza.weight<<endl;
}
8. 完成编程练习7, 但使用new 来为结构分配内存,而不是声明一个结构变量。另外,让程序在请求输入披萨饼公司名称之前输入披萨饼的直径。
9. 完成编程练习6, 但使用new 来动态分配数组,而不是声明一个包含3 个元素的CandyBar 数组。
#include <iostream>
#include<cstring>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
struct CandyBar {
string name;
double weight;
int calorie;
};
int main() {
CandyBar * snack = new CandyBar[3];
snack[0] = { "Mocha Munch",2.3,350 };
snack[1] = { "Fruit Salad", 1.6,140 };
snack[2] = { "Fried Chicken", 2.4,880 };
cout << "Display the contents of the structure:" << endl;
for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
cout << "Candy name: " << snack[i].name << " weight: " << snack[i].weight << " calorie: " << snack[i].calorie << endl;
}
}
10. 编写一个程序,让用户输入三次40 码跑的成绩(如果您愿意,也可让用户输入40 米跑的成绩),并显示次数和平均成绩。请使用一个array 对象来存储数据(如果编译器不支持array 类,请使用数组)。
#include <iostream>
#include<cstring>
#include <string>
#include <array>
using namespace std;
int main() {
array<double, 4> array;
cout << "Enter the result three times:";
cin >> array[0] >> array[1] >> array[2];
double ave;
ave = (array[0] + array[1] + array[2]) / 3;
cout << "The average grade is:" << ave << endl;
}