1.ComboBox中如何进行 动态查询（BCB）
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
#include <vcl.h>
#pragma hdrstop
#include <assert.h> //++++++++
#include "Unit1.h"
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
#pragma package(smart_init)
#pragma resource "*.dfm"
TForm1 *Form1;
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
__fastcall TForm1::TForm1(TComponent* Owner)
: TForm(Owner)
{
}
//===========================================================================
//功能：检测Value 是否在Lp..Hp之间
bool __fastcall In(int Lp, int Hp,int Value)
{
assert(Lp<=Hp);
return ((Value<=Hp)&&(Value>=Lp));
}
//参数：一个汉字
//返回值：该汉字的拼音
char __fastcall GetPYChar(AnsiString HZ)
{
assert(HZ.Length()==2);
WORD Hi=WORD(HZ[1])<<8;
WORD Lo=BYTE(HZ[2]);
int n=Hi+Lo;
if (In(0xB0A1,0xB0C4,n)) return 'A';
if (In(0XB0C5,0XB2C0,n)) return 'B';
if (In(0xB2C1,0xB4ED,n)) return 'C';
if (In(0xB4EE,0xB6E9,n)) return 'D';
if (In(0xB6EA,0xB7A1,n)) return 'E';
if (In(0xB7A2,0xB8c0,n)) return 'F';
if (In(0xB8C1,0xB9FD,n)) return 'G';
if (In(0xB9FE,0xBBF6,n)) return 'H';
if (In(0xBBF7,0xBFA5,n)) return 'J';
if (In(0xBFA6,0xC0AB,n)) return 'K';
if (In(0xC0AC,0xC2E7,n)) return 'L';
if (In(0xC2E8,0xC4C2,n)) return 'M';
if (In(0xC4C3,0xC5B5,n)) return 'N';
if (In(0xC5B6,0xC5BD,n)) return 'O';
if (In(0xC5BE,0xC6D9,n)) return 'P';
if (In(0xC6DA,0xC8BA,n)) return 'Q';
if (In(0xC8BB,0xC8F5,n)) return 'R';
if (In(0xC8F6,0xCBF0,n)) return 'S';
if (In(0xCBFA,0xCDD9,n)) return 'T';
if (In(0xCDDA,0xCEF3,n)) return 'W';
if (In(0xCEF4,0xD188,n)) return 'X';
if (In(0xD1B9,0xD4D0,n)) return 'Y';
if (In(0xD4D1,0xD7F9,n)) return 'Z';
return char(0);
}
//===========================================================================
void __fastcall TForm1::ComboBox1KeyPress(TObject *Sender, char &Key)
{
char c;
for(int i=0;i<ComboBox1->Items->Count;i++){
c= GetPYChar(ComboBox1->Items->Strings[i].SubString(0,2));
if(toupper(c)==toupper(Key)){
Key=NULL;
ComboBox1->ItemIndex=i;break;
}
}
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
void __fastcall TForm1::Button1Click(TObject *Sender)
{
ComboBox1->Items->Clear();
ComboBox1->Text="";
ComboBox1->Items->Add("长沙");
ComboBox1->Items->Add("北京");
ComboBox1->Items->Add("武汉");
ComboBox1->Items->Add("桂林");
}
2.实现重起删除文件
ForceKiller软件中,这样描述到"此方式不是直接删除文件,因此文件不会立即被删除而是通知系统核心SMSS在下次开机时由核心自动删除!"
实现：
MoveFileEx(szDstFile, NULL, MOVEFILE_DELAY_UNTIL_REBOOT);
它是写入注册表,等到启动时.smss从注册表读出然后删除,之后smss才引导win32子系统.
3.如何把一个程序加入windows防火墙的白名单
// WindowsFirewall.h: interface for the CWindowsFirewall class.
//
//
#if !defined(AFX_WINDOWSFIREWALL_H__9F175C70_A4B7_4ECF_9A01_5B72FBE9C5C0__INCLUDED_)
#define AFX_WINDOWSFIREWALL_H__9F175C70_A4B7_4ECF_9A01_5B72FBE9C5C0__INCLUDED_
#if _MSC_VER > 1000
#pragma once
#endif // _MSC_VER > 1000
#include <netfw.h>
//windows防火墙查询控制类。
class CWindowsFirewall
{
public:
CWindowsFirewall();
virtual ~CWindowsFirewall();
HRESULT Initialize(OUT INetFwProfile** fwProfile);
void Cleanup(IN INetFwProfile* fwProfile);
HRESULT IsOn(IN INetFwProfile* fwProfile, OUT BOOL* fwOn);
HRESULT TurnOn(IN INetFwProfile* fwProfile);
HRESULT TurnOff(IN INetFwProfile* fwProfile);
HRESULT AppIsEnabled(
IN INetFwProfile* fwProfile,
IN const wchar_t* fwProcessImageFileName,
OUT BOOL* fwAppEnabled
);
HRESULT AddApp(
IN INetFwProfile* fwProfile,
IN const wchar_t* fwProcessImageFileName,
IN const wchar_t* fwName
);
HRESULT PortIsEnabled(
IN INetFwProfile* fwProfile,
IN LONG portNumber,
IN NET_FW_IP_PROTOCOL ipProtocol,
OUT BOOL* fwPortEnabled
);
HRESULT PortAdd(
IN INetFwProfile* fwProfile,
IN LONG portNumber,
IN NET_FW_IP_PROTOCOL ipProtocol,
IN const wchar_t* name
);
int Test();
};
#endif // !defined(AFX_WINDOWSFIREWALL_H__9F175C70_A4B7_4ECF_9A01_5B72FBE9C5C0__INCLUDED_)
// CWindowsFirewall::.cpp: implementation of the CCWindowsFirewall:: class.
//
//
#include "stdafx.h"
#include <objbase.h>
#include "WindowsFirewall.h"
//#include <windows.h>
#include <crtdbg.h>
#include <objbase.h>
#include <oleauto.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#ifdef _DEBUG
#undef THIS_FILE
static char THIS_FILE[]=__FILE__;
#define new DEBUG_NEW
#endif
//
// Construction/Destruction
//
CWindowsFirewall::CWindowsFirewall()
{
}
CWindowsFirewall::~CWindowsFirewall()
{
}
/*
Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation
SYNOPSIS
Sample code for the Windows Firewall COM interface.
*/
HRESULT CWindowsFirewall::Initialize(OUT INetFwProfile** fwProfile)
{
HRESULT hr = S_OK;
INetFwMgr* fwMgr = NULL;
INetFwPolicy* fwPolicy = NULL;
_ASSERT(fwProfile != NULL);
*fwProfile = NULL;
// Create an instance of the firewall settings manager.
hr = CoCreateInstance(
__uuidof(NetFwMgr),
NULL,
CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,
__uuidof(INetFwMgr),
(void**)&fwMgr
);
if (FAILED(hr))
{
printf("CoCreateInstance failed: 0x%08lx/n", hr);
goto error;
}
// Retrieve the local firewall policy.
hr = fwMgr->get_LocalPolicy(&fwPolicy);
if (FAILED(hr))
{
printf("get_LocalPolicy failed: 0x%08lx/n", hr);
goto error;
}
// Retrieve the firewall profile currently in effect.
hr = fwPolicy->get_CurrentProfile(fwProfile);
if (FAILED(hr))
{
printf("get_CurrentProfile failed: 0x%08lx/n", hr);
goto error;
}
error:
// Release the local firewall policy.
if (fwPolicy != NULL)
{
fwPolicy->Release();
}
// Release the firewall settings manager.
if (fwMgr != NULL)
{
fwMgr->Release();
}
return hr;
}
void CWindowsFirewall::Cleanup(IN INetFwProfile* fwProfile)
{
// Release the firewall profile.
if (fwProfile != NULL)
{
fwProfile->Release();
}
}
HRESULT CWindowsFirewall::IsOn(IN INetFwProfile* fwProfile, OUT BOOL* fwOn)
{
HRESULT hr = S_OK;
VARIANT_BOOL fwEnabled;
_ASSERT(fwProfile != NULL);
_ASSERT(fwOn != NULL);
*fwOn = FALSE;
// Get the current state of the firewall.
hr = fwProfile->get_FirewallEnabled(&fwEnabled);
if (FAILED(hr))
{
printf("get_FirewallEnabled failed: 0x%08lx/n", hr);
goto error;
}
// Check to see if the firewall is on.
if (fwEnabled != VARIANT_FALSE)
{
*fwOn = TRUE;
printf("The firewall is on./n");
}
else
{
printf("The firewall is off./n");
}
error:
return hr;
}
HRESULT CWindowsFirewall::TurnOn(IN INetFwProfile* fwProfile)
{
HRESULT hr = S_OK;
BOOL fwOn;
_ASSERT(fwProfile != NULL);
// Check to see if the firewall is off.
hr = CWindowsFirewall::IsOn(fwProfile, &fwOn);
if (FAILED(hr))
{
printf("CWindowsFirewall::IsOn failed: 0x%08lx/n", hr);
goto error;
}
// If it is, turn it on.
if (!fwOn)
{
// Turn the firewall on.
hr = fwProfile->put_FirewallEnabled(VARIANT_TRUE);
if (FAILED(hr))
{
printf("put_FirewallEnabled failed: 0x%08lx/n", hr);
goto error;
}
printf("The firewall is now on./n");
}
error:
return hr;
}
HRESULT CWindowsFirewall::TurnOff(IN INetFwProfile* fwProfile)
{
HRESULT hr = S_OK;
BOOL fwOn;
_ASSERT(fwProfile != NULL);
// Check to see if the firewall is on.
hr = CWindowsFirewall::IsOn(fwProfile, &fwOn);
if (FAILED(hr))
{
printf("CWindowsFirewall::IsOn failed: 0x%08lx/n", hr);
goto error;
}
// If it is, turn it off.
if (fwOn)
{
// Turn the firewall off.
hr = fwProfile->put_FirewallEnabled(VARIANT_FALSE);
if (FAILED(hr))
{
printf("put_FirewallEnabled failed: 0x%08lx/n", hr);
goto error;
}
printf("The firewall is now off./n");
}
error:
return hr;
}
HRESULT CWindowsFirewall::AppIsEnabled(
IN INetFwProfile* fwProfile,
IN const wchar_t* fwProcessImageFileName,
OUT BOOL* fwAppEnabled
)
{
HRESULT hr = S_OK;
BSTR fwBstrProcessImageFileName = NULL;
VARIANT_BOOL fwEnabled;
INetFwAuthorizedApplication* fwApp = NULL;
INetFwAuthorizedApplications* fwApps = NULL;
_ASSERT(fwProfile != NULL);
_ASSERT(fwProcessImageFileName != NULL);
_ASSERT(fwAppEnabled != NULL);
*fwAppEnabled = FALSE;
// Retrieve the authorized application collection.
hr = fwProfile->get_AuthorizedApplications(&fwApps);
if (FAILED(hr))
{
printf("get_AuthorizedApplications failed: 0x%08lx/n", hr);
goto error;
}
// Allocate a BSTR for the process image file name.
fwBstrProcessImageFileName = SysAllocString(fwProcessImageFileName);
if (fwBstrProcessImageFileName == NULL)
{
hr = E_OUTOFMEMORY;
printf("SysAllocString failed: 0x%08lx/n", hr);
goto error;
}
// Attempt to retrieve the authorized application.
hr = fwApps->Item(fwBstrProcessImageFileName, &fwApp);
if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
// Find out if the authorized application is enabled.
hr = fwApp->get_Enabled(&fwEnabled);
if (FAILED(hr))
{
printf("get_Enabled failed: 0x%08lx/n", hr);
goto error;
}
if (fwEnabled != VARIANT_FALSE)
{
// The authorized application is enabled.
*fwAppEnabled = TRUE;
printf(
"Authorized application %lS is enabled in the firewall./n",
fwProcessImageFileName
);
}
else
{
printf(
"Authorized application %lS is disabled in the firewall./n",
fwProcessImageFileName
);
}
}
else
{
// The authorized application was not in the collection.
hr = S_OK;
printf(
"Authorized application %lS is disabled in the firewall./n",
fwProcessImageFileName
);
}
error:
// Free the BSTR.
SysFreeString(fwBstrProcessImageFileName);
// Release the authorized application instance.
if (fwApp != NULL)
{
fwApp->Release();
}
// Release the authorized application collection.
if (fwApps != NULL)
{
fwApps->Release();
}
return hr;
}
HRESULT CWindowsFirewall::AddApp(
IN INetFwProfile* fwProfile,
IN const wchar_t* fwProcessImageFileName,
IN const wchar_t* fwName
)
{
HRESULT hr = S_OK;
BOOL fwAppEnabled;
BSTR fwBstrName = NULL;
BSTR fwBstrProcessImageFileName = NULL;
INetFwAuthorizedApplication* fwApp = NULL;
INetFwAuthorizedApplications* fwApps = NULL;
_ASSERT(fwProfile != NULL);
_ASSERT(fwProcessImageFileName != NULL);
_ASSERT(fwName != NULL);
// First check to see if the application is already authorized.
hr = CWindowsFirewall::AppIsEnabled(
fwProfile,
fwProcessImageFileName,
&fwAppEnabled
);
if (FAILED(hr))
{
printf("CWindowsFirewall::AppIsEnabled failed: 0x%08lx/n", hr);
goto error;
}
// Only add the application if it isn't already authorized.
if (!fwAppEnabled)
{
// Retrieve the authorized application collection.
hr = fwProfile->get_AuthorizedApplications(&fwApps);
if (FAILED(hr))
{
printf("get_AuthorizedApplications failed: 0x%08lx/n", hr);
goto error;
}
// Create an instance of an authorized application.
hr = CoCreateInstance(
__uuidof(NetFwAuthorizedApplication),
NULL,
CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,
__uuidof(INetFwAuthorizedApplication),
(void**)&fwApp
);
if (FAILED(hr))
{
printf("CoCreateInstance failed: 0x%08lx/n", hr);
goto error;
}
// Allocate a BSTR for the process image file name.
fwBstrProcessImageFileName = SysAllocString(fwProcessImageFileName);
if (fwBstrProcessImageFileName == NULL)
{
hr = E_OUTOFMEMORY;
printf("SysAllocString failed: 0x%08lx/n", hr);
goto error;
}
// Set the process image file name.
hr = fwApp->put_ProcessImageFileName(fwBstrProcessImageFileName);
if (FAILED(hr))
{
printf("put_ProcessImageFileName failed: 0x%08lx/n", hr);
goto error;
}
// Allocate a BSTR for the application friendly name.
fwBstrName = SysAllocString(fwName);
if (SysStringLen(fwBstrName) == 0)
{
hr = E_OUTOFMEMORY;
printf("SysAllocString failed: 0x%08lx/n", hr);
goto error;
}
// Set the application friendly name.
hr = fwApp->put_Name(fwBstrName);
if (FAILED(hr))
{
printf("put_Name failed: 0x%08lx/n", hr);
goto error;
}
// Add the application to the collection.
hr = fwApps->Add(fwApp);
if (FAILED(hr))
{
printf("Add failed: 0x%08lx/n", hr);
goto error;
}
printf(
"Authorized application %lS is now enabled in the firewall./n",
fwProcessImageFileName
);
}
error:
// Free the BSTRs.
SysFreeString(fwBstrName);
SysFreeString(fwBstrProcessImageFileName);
// Release the authorized application instance.
if (fwApp != NULL)
{
fwApp->Release();
}
// Release the authorized application collection.
if (fwApps != NULL)
{
fwApps->Release();
}
return hr;
}
HRESULT CWindowsFirewall::PortIsEnabled(
IN INetFwProfile* fwProfile,
IN LONG portNumber,
IN NET_FW_IP_PROTOCOL ipProtocol,
OUT BOOL* fwPortEnabled
)
{
HRESULT hr = S_OK;
VARIANT_BOOL fwEnabled;
INetFwOpenPort* fwOpenPort = NULL;
INetFwOpenPorts* fwOpenPorts = NULL;
_ASSERT(fwProfile != NULL);
_ASSERT(fwPortEnabled != NULL);
*fwPortEnabled = FALSE;
// Retrieve the globally open ports collection.
hr = fwProfile->get_GloballyOpenPorts(&fwOpenPorts);
if (FAILED(hr))
{
printf("get_GloballyOpenPorts failed: 0x%08lx/n", hr);
goto error;
}
// Attempt to retrieve the globally open port.
hr = fwOpenPorts->Item(portNumber, ipProtocol, &fwOpenPort);
if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
// Find out if the globally open port is enabled.
hr = fwOpenPort->get_Enabled(&fwEnabled);
if (FAILED(hr))
{
printf("get_Enabled failed: 0x%08lx/n", hr);
goto error;
}
if (fwEnabled != VARIANT_FALSE)
{
// The globally open port is enabled.
*fwPortEnabled = TRUE;
printf("Port %ld is open in the firewall./n", portNumber);
}
else
{
printf("Port %ld is not open in the firewall./n", portNumber);
}
}
else
{
// The globally open port was not in the collection.
hr = S_OK;
printf("Port %ld is not open in the firewall./n", portNumber);
}
error:
// Release the globally open port.
if (fwOpenPort != NULL)
{
fwOpenPort->Release();
}
// Release the globally open ports collection.
if (fwOpenPorts != NULL)
{
fwOpenPorts->Release();
}
return hr;
}
HRESULT CWindowsFirewall::PortAdd(
IN INetFwProfile* fwProfile,
IN LONG portNumber,
IN NET_FW_IP_PROTOCOL ipProtocol,
IN const wchar_t* name
)
{
HRESULT hr = S_OK;
BOOL fwPortEnabled;
BSTR fwBstrName = NULL;
INetFwOpenPort* fwOpenPort = NULL;
INetFwOpenPorts* fwOpenPorts = NULL;
_ASSERT(fwProfile != NULL);
_ASSERT(name != NULL);
// First check to see if the port is already added.
hr = CWindowsFirewall::PortIsEnabled(
fwProfile,
portNumber,
ipProtocol,
&fwPortEnabled
);
if (FAILED(hr))
{
printf("CWindowsFirewall::PortIsEnabled failed: 0x%08lx/n", hr);
goto error;
}
// Only add the port if it isn't already added.
if (!fwPortEnabled)
{
// Retrieve the collection of globally open ports.
hr = fwProfile->get_GloballyOpenPorts(&fwOpenPorts);
if (FAILED(hr))
{
printf("get_GloballyOpenPorts failed: 0x%08lx/n", hr);
goto error;
}
// Create an instance of an open port.
hr = CoCreateInstance(
__uuidof(NetFwOpenPort),
NULL,
CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,
__uuidof(INetFwOpenPort),
(void**)&fwOpenPort
);
if (FAILED(hr))
{
printf("CoCreateInstance failed: 0x%08lx/n", hr);
goto error;
}
// Set the port number.
hr = fwOpenPort->put_Port(portNumber);
if (FAILED(hr))
{
printf("put_Port failed: 0x%08lx/n", hr);
goto error;
}
// Set the IP protocol.
hr = fwOpenPort->put_Protocol(ipProtocol);
if (FAILED(hr))
{
printf("put_Protocol failed: 0x%08lx/n", hr);
goto error;
}
// Allocate a BSTR for the friendly name of the port.
fwBstrName = SysAllocString(name);
if (SysStringLen(fwBstrName) == 0)
{
hr = E_OUTOFMEMORY;
printf("SysAllocString failed: 0x%08lx/n", hr);
goto error;
}
// Set the friendly name of the port.
hr = fwOpenPort->put_Name(fwBstrName);
if (FAILED(hr))
{
printf("put_Name failed: 0x%08lx/n", hr);
goto error;
}
// Opens the port and adds it to the collection.
hr = fwOpenPorts->Add(fwOpenPort);
if (FAILED(hr))
{
printf("Add failed: 0x%08lx/n", hr);
goto error;
}
printf("Port %ld is now open in the firewall./n", portNumber);
}
error:
// Free the BSTR.
SysFreeString(fwBstrName);
// Release the open port instance.
if (fwOpenPort != NULL)
{
fwOpenPort->Release();
}
// Release the globally open ports collection.
if (fwOpenPorts != NULL)
{
fwOpenPorts->Release();
}
return hr;
}
int CWindowsFirewall::Test()
{
HRESULT hr = S_OK;
HRESULT comInit = E_FAIL;
INetFwProfile* fwProfile = NULL;
// Initialize COM.
comInit = CoInitializeEx(
0,
COINIT_APARTMENTTHREADED | COINIT_DISABLE_OLE1DDE
);
// Ignore RPC_E_CHANGED_MODE; this just means that COM has already been
// initialized with a different mode. Since we don't care what the mode is,
// we'll just use the existing mode.
if (comInit != RPC_E_CHANGED_MODE)
{
hr = comInit;
if (FAILED(hr))
{
TRACE("CoInitializeEx failed: 0x%08lx/n", hr);
goto error;
}
}
// Retrieve the firewall profile currently in effect.
hr = CWindowsFirewall::Initialize(&fwProfile);
if (FAILED(hr))
{
TRACE("CWindowsFirewall::Initialize failed: 0x%08lx/n", hr);
goto error;
}
// Turn off the firewall.
// hr = CWindowsFirewall::TurnOff(fwProfile);
// if (FAILED(hr))
// {
// TRACE("CWindowsFirewall::TurnOff failed: 0x%08lx/n", hr);
// goto error;
// }
//
// // Turn on the firewall.
// hr = CWindowsFirewall::TurnOn(fwProfile);
// if (FAILED(hr))
// {
// TRACE("CWindowsFirewall::TurnOn failed: 0x%08lx/n", hr);
// goto error;
// }
// Add Windows Messenger to the authorized application collection.
hr = CWindowsFirewall::AddApp(
fwProfile,
L"%ProgramFiles%//Messenger//msmsgs.exe",
L"Windows Messenger"
);
if (FAILED(hr))
{
TRACE("CWindowsFirewall::AddApp failed: 0x%08lx/n", hr);
goto error;
}
error:
// Release the firewall profile.
CWindowsFirewall::Cleanup(fwProfile);
// Uninitialize COM.
if (SUCCEEDED(comInit))
{
CoUninitialize();
}
return 0;
}
4.C语言中怎样判断汉字
其实判断汉字的代码很简单，简单到只有一行就可以了，但不理解汉字编码的基础，这一行代码却万万无法理解。
常用的字符编码有以下三种：
1、ASCII 只支持英文，全部为8位
2、DBCS 支持英文和中文，但中文需要两个字节（16位）
3、UNICODE 支持英文和中文，英文和中文都需要两个字节
ASCII是DOS时代的，无法支持中文。DBCS是Win9x支持的字符集。UNICODE是win2k和xp支持的字符集。
而汉字的编码目前有GB2312-1980和GB18030-2000，GB2312就是DBCS类型的汉字编码，GB18030就是UNICODE的汉字编码，当然GB18030兼容GB2312，也就是说GB18030也支持DBCS的字符处理方式。虽然GB18030是2000年后强制执行的国家标准，但目前使用最多的还是GB2312编码，而且GB2312也足够处理你所用到的汉字了。还有GBK编码是GB2312的增强版。
这里我仅支持GB2312。由于GB2312是中国大陆制定的标准，所以繁体中文并不在GB2312的编码中，如果你的程序需要支持繁体中文，则还需要处理Big5编码。其实也很简单。
下面说一下在C中如何处理GB2312编码的汉字。以VC6.0为例，如果声明变量的类型为wchar_t则是UNICODE编码，如果是char则是DBCS编码比如我的一个函数声明是：
void Justify (HDC hdc, PTSTR pText, RECT * prc, int iAlign)
其中的pText是PTSTR类型，PTSTR在WINNT.H中有两个定义（WINNT.H中的这段代码我删掉了中间无关的部分）
#ifdef UNICODE
typedef LPWSTR PTSTR, LPTSTR;//如果是UNICODE编码，则定义PTSTR为LPWSTR类型
#else
typedef LPSTR PTSTR, LPTSTR;//如果是不是UNICODE编码，则定义PTSTR为LPSTR类型
#endif
LPSTR定义为CHAR的指针
LPSWSTR定义为WCHAR的指针
CHAR定义为char类型
WCHAR定义为wchar_t类型
而wchar_t定义为unsigned short类型，它是16位，两个字节，无符号短整数
是UNICODE还是非UNICODE取决于你的编译选项，如果在[工程]-[选项]-[C/C++]的[预处理程序定义]中填入了_UNICODE，那么程序会用wchar_t指针来定义LPSTR，如果没有_UNICODE，那么程序会用char指针来定义LPSTR，这样带来的区别就是，你接受到的pText中的字节内容是不一样的，[i服了you]这个字串如果在没有定义_UNICODE的情况下，是8个字节，而在定义了_UNICODE的情况下是12个字节。反映到程序中就是，如果没有定义_UNICODE，那么就要把英文字符当成1个字节来处理，而汉字字符的编码是采用GB2312编码规范来的；如果定义了_UNICODE，那么英文字符要当成2个字节来处理，而汉字字符的编码是采用UNICODE编码来的。举例来说，win98不采用UNICODE编码而采用的是DBCS编码，为了让我的程序既可以在XP下运行又可以在Win98下运行，我没有定义_UNICODE。这样我的程序代码就要把字符串当成DBCS编码来处理，也就是英文字符是1个字节，中文字符是2个字节，中文编码采用GB2312编码。用Justify来说明：
我给pText传递来[你]这个汉字，那么pText应该有两个字节来存放[你]这个字，设置段点来读一下pText的内容。
void Justify (HDC hdc, PTSTR pText, RECT * prc, int iAlign)
{
static TCHAR szText[] = {TEXT ("你")} ;
pText=szText;
}
设断调试会发现*pText=-60，怎么会这样呢，原因是没有按unsigned char来转换*pText的值，修改代码如下：
void Justify (HDC hdc, PTSTR pText, RECT * prc, int iAlign)
{
static TCHAR szText[] = {TEXT ("你")} ;
unsigned char sqChar[20];//这个变量就是为了强制转换类型用的
pText=szText;
sqChar[0]=*pText;
sqChar[1]=*(pText+1);
}
这时下断查看sqChar[0]=196,sqChar[1]=227就对了，为什么呢，因为它和GB2312的编码是一样的。
GB2312-80编码的编码范围是高位0xa1－0xfe，低位是 0xa1-0xfe ，其中汉字范围为 0xb0a1 和 0xf7fe，如果只是简单地判断汉字，则只要查看高字节是否大于等于0xa1就可以了，还有就是，全角字符的高字节统统等于0xa3，所以很容易可以区别出全角字符来。
如果你希望你的程序能支持到GB18030，那么就去找GB18030的规范来看看。
网上有很多判断汉字的说法，你只要记住，你要支持的编码是哪个？GB2312、GBK、GB18030？每个编码有自己的编码范围或者规范，网上之所以有不同的说法，正是因为他们互相说的不是同一种编码方式。我这里说的是GB2312的编码，如果你的程序要编译成支持UNICODE的话，那么这段代码就要修改成对应UNICODE规范的代码了。
附简单的测试汉字、全角字符、英文的程序：
//test.c
//源代码作者：夏克 sequh@126.com
//新建Win32 Application工程，把test.c加入，运行，试着修改szText的值，来观察代码效果
#include <windows.h>
int WINAPI WinMain (HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
PSTR szCmdLine, int iCmdShow)
{
static TCHAR szText[] = {TEXT ("i服,了。uｙ")} ;
PTSTR pText;
int i;
unsigned char sqChar[20];
pText=szText;
while (*pText != '/0')
{
i=IsGB(pText);
switch(i)
{
case 0:
pText++;
MessageBox (NULL, TEXT ("发现数字、英文字符或英文标点"), TEXT ("Hello"), 0);
break;
case 1:
pText++;
pText++;
MessageBox (NULL, TEXT ("发现全角字符"), TEXT ("Hello"), 0);
break;
case 2:
pText++;
pText++;
MessageBox (NULL, TEXT ("发现汉字"), TEXT ("Hello"), 0);
break;
}
}
return 0 ;
}
int IsGB(PTSTR pText)
{
unsigned char sqChar[20];
sqChar[0]=*pText;
if (sqChar[0]>=0xa1)
if (sqChar[0]==0xa3)
return 1;//全角字符
else
return 2;//汉字
else
return 0;//英文、数字、英文标点
}
5.怎么把界面弹到最上层
在ShowWindow(SW_SHOW)后加入
SetForegroundWindow();
6.文件关联怎样做
修改注册表
例子：
HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT 键下
[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT/.mp3]
@="Mp3Player"
[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT/Mp3Player]
@="Mp3Player"
//图标
[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT/AudioDecoder/defaultIcon]
@="C://Mp3Player.EXE,1"
[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT/AudioDecoder/Shell]
[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT/AudioDecoder/Shell/open]
// 打开的程序
[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT/AudioDecoder/Shell/open/command]
@="Mp3Player.EXE %1"
在CMyApp::InitInstance()中加入或修改以下代码
EnableShellOpen();
RegisterShellFileTypes(TRUE);
CCommandLineInfo cmdInfo;
ParseCommandLine(cmdInfo);
if(!ProcessShellCommand(cmdInfo))
return FALSE;
在以下代码以前
pMainFrame->ShowWindow(SW_SHOWMAXIMIZED);
pMainFrame->UpdateWindow();
7.如何通过HTTP下载一个文件
#include <Urlmon.h>
#pragma comment( lib, "Urlmon.lib")
URLDownloadToFile(0, "http://www.abc.com/abc.exe", "c://abc.exe", 0, 0);
8.复制位图到剪贴板
复制一幅位图到剪贴板相当简单，需要记住的一个是如果位图需要调色盘，
你应当将调色盘也复制。
函数一：复制设备相关位图到剪贴板
CopyBitmapToClipboard()函数复制一幅DDB位图到剪贴板，如果提供调色盘它将
同时复制调色盘。注意在最后调用Detach()。这一点很重要，因为此时GDI对象
的物主已经传送至剪贴板。
// CopyBitmapToClipboard- Copies a device-dependent bitmap to clipboard
// pWnd- Pointer to window that opens the clipboard
// bitmap- The device-dependent bitmap
// pPal- Pointer to logical palette - Can be NULL
// NOTE- GDI objects are detached from bitmap & pPal
// as the clipboard owns them after the copy
void CopyBitmapToClipboard( const CWnd *pWnd, CBitmap& bitmap, CPalette* pPal )
{
::OpenClipboard(pWnd->GetSafeHwnd());
::EmptyClipboard() ;
if( pPal )
::SetClipboardData (CF_PALETTE, pPal->GetSafeHandle() ) ;
::SetClipboardData (CF_BITMAP, bitmap.GetSafeHandle() ) ;
::CloseClipboard () ;
bitmap.Detach();
if( pPal )
pPal->Detach();
}
函数二：复制设备无关位图到剪贴板
CopyDIBToClipboard()函数和CopyBitmapToClipboard()非常相似。内存句柄包
含了BITMAPINFO 和位图的位信息，通过GlobalAlloc()分配。
// CopyDIBToClipboard- Copies a device-dependent bitmap to clipboard
// pWnd- Pointer to window that opens the clipboard
// hDIB- Memory handle that contains BITMAPINFO & bitmap bits
// pPal- Pointer to logical palette - Can be NULL
// NOTE- GDI objects are detached from bitmap & pPal
// as the clipboard owns them after the copy
void CopyDIBToClipboard( const CWnd *pWnd, HGLOBAL hDIB, CPalette* pPal )
{
::OpenClipboard(pWnd->GetSafeHwnd());
::EmptyClipboard();
if( pPal )
::SetClipboardData (CF_PALETTE, pPal->GetSafeHandle() ) ;
::SetClipboardData (CF_DIB, hDIB ) ;
::CloseClipboard () ;
bitmap.Detach();
if( pPal )
pPal->Detach();
}
函数三：复制一幅windows图象到剪贴板
void CopyWndToClipboard( CWnd *pWnd )
{
CBitmap bitmap;
CClientDCdc(pWnd);
CDC memDC;
CRectrect;
memDC.CreateCompatibleDC(&dc);
pWnd->GetWindowRect(rect);
bitmap.CreateCompatibleBitmap(&dc, rect.Width(),rect.Height() );
CBitmap* pOldBitmap = memDC.SelectObject(&bitmap);
memDC.BitBlt(0, 0, rect.Width(),rect.Height(), &dc, 0, 0, SRCCOPY);
pWnd->OpenClipboard() ;
EmptyClipboard() ;
SetClipboardData (CF_BITMAP, bitmap.GetSafeHandle() ) ;
CloseClipboard () ;
memDC.SelectObject(pOldBitmap);
bitmap.Detach();
}
使用CopyBitmapToClipboard(this,CBitmap::FromHandle(hBitmap),pPal);
9.检测internet连线状态
在线返回 TRUE, 掉线返回 FALSE。遍历系统中所有 RAS 连接判断连接情况。Win2K/98 VC6 通过
BOOL GetConnectState()
{
LPRASCONN lpRasConn = NULL;
DWORD cbBuf = 0;
DWORD cConn = 0;
DWORD dwRet = 0;
HRASCONN hrasconn;
RASCONNSTATUS rasStatus;
UINT ndx;
// enumerate connections
cbBuf = sizeof(RASCONN);
if ( (lpRasConn = ( LPRASCONN ) malloc((UINT)cbBuf)) != NULL)
{
lpRasConn->dwSize = sizeof( RASCONN );
dwRet = RasEnumConnections( lpRasConn, &cbBuf, &cConn );
for (ndx = 0; ndx < cConn; ndx++)
{
// get to HRASCONN
hrasconn = lpRasConn[ndx].hrasconn;
// get connection status
rasStatus.dwSize = sizeof(RASCONNSTATUS);
dwRet = RasGetConnectStatus( hrasconn, &rasStatus );
if ( dwRet )
return 0;
else
{
if (rasStatus.rasconnstate == RASCS_Connected)
return 1;
else return 0;
}
}
}
else
{
return 0;
}
}
2570
被折叠的 条评论
为什么被折叠?
到【灌水乐园】发言
