直方图反向投影

反向投影是反映直方图模型在目标图像中的分布情况
简单点说就是用直方图模型去目标图像中寻找是否有相似的对象。通常用HSV色彩空间的HS两个通道直方图模型

#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <iostream>
#include <math.h>
#include <opencv2\imgproc\types_c.h>

using namespace std;
using namespace cv;

Mat src; Mat hsv; Mat hue;
int bins = 12;
void Hist_And_Backprojection(int, void*);
int main(int argc, char** argv) {
	src = imread("D:\\lena.jpg");
	if (!src.data) {
		printf("could not load image...\n");
		return -1;
	}
	const char* window_image = "input image";
	namedWindow(window_image, WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
	namedWindow("BackProj", WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
	namedWindow("Histogran", WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);

	cvtColor(src, hsv, CV_BGR2HSV);//图像从RGB色彩空间转换到HSV色彩空间cvtColor
	hue.create(hsv.size(), hsv.depth());
	int nchannels[] = { 0,0 };
	mixChannels(&hsv, 1, &hue, 1, nchannels, 1);

	createTrackbar("Histogran Bins:",window_image, &bins, 180, Hist_And_Backprojection);//创建滑动条
	Hist_And_Backprojection(0, 0);

	imshow(window_image, src);
	waitKey(0);
	return 0;
}

void Hist_And_Backprojection(int, void*) {
	float range[] = { 0, 180 };
	const float *histRanges = { range };
	Mat h_hist;
	calcHist(&hue, 1, 0, Mat(), h_hist, 1, &bins, &histRanges, true, false);//计算直方calcHist
	normalize(h_hist, h_hist, 0, 255, NORM_MINMAX, -1, Mat());//归一化，normalize

	//计算反向投影图像 - calcBackProject
	Mat backPrjImage;
	calcBackProject(&hue, 1, 0, h_hist, backPrjImage, &histRanges, 1, true);
	imshow("BackProj", backPrjImage);

	//显示直方图
	int hist_h = 400;
	int hist_w = 400;
	Mat histImage(hist_w, hist_h, CV_8UC3, Scalar(0, 0, 0));
	int bin_w = (hist_w / bins);
	for (int i = 1; i < bins; i++) {
		rectangle(histImage,
			Point((i - 1)*bin_w, (hist_h - cvRound(h_hist.at<float>(i - 1)*(400 / 255)))),
			Point(i*bin_w, (hist_h - cvRound(h_hist.at<float>(i)*(400 / 255)))),
			Scalar(0, 0, 255), -1);
	}
	imshow("Histogran", histImage);
	return ;
}