关于AFNetworking 类库的一般用法

  (一)：关于 iOS 的两种开源网络请求类库   

目前，在 iOS 以及 Mac应用中，使用较多的两种开源网络类库为 ASIHttpRequest和 AFNetworking.但是由于 ASIHttpRequest 已经停止更新，所以越来越多的开发者投入到了AFNetworking的使用和研究中。

         在 github 上，其地址为 https://github.com/AFNetworking/AFNetworking/tree/master#requirements，有关信息查阅请自行前往。

  

 (二):有关使用

        创建工程后，将 AFNetworking和UIKit+AFNetworking导入到项目中，并添加MobileCoreServices.framework、SystemConfiguration.framework、Security.framework框架。在需要使用的文件中，统一导入#import "AFNetworking.h"。   

       在AFNetworking中，我们可以自行将其文件分为5个小类：

1：关于发起网络请求(AFURLConnectionOperation、AFHTTPRequestOperation、AFHTTPRequestOperationManager)

2:关于发起网络请求(其封装的 NSURLSession相关，需要 iOS7.0以后才支持，AFURLSessionManager、AFHTTPSessionManager)

3:关于请求及相应的序列化(AFURLRequestSerialization、AFURLResponseSerialization)

4：关于网络可到达性及连接状态发送改变(AFNetworkReachabilityManager)

5:关于加密(AFSecurityPolicy)。

a)发起一个GET 请求

/******************使用AFHTTPRequestOperationManager发送GET请求*****************/

    /*****

     - (AFHTTPRequestOperation *)GET:(NSString *)URLString

     parameters:(id)parameters

     success:(void (^)(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, id responseObject))success

     failure:(void (^)(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, NSError *error))failure;

    *****/

    //http://itunes.apple.com/lookup?id=794851407

    NSString *URLString = @"http://itunes.apple.com/lookup?id=794851407";

    //创建请求管理器

    AFHTTPRequestOperationManager *manager = [AFHTTPRequestOperationManager manager];

    //设置请求管理器的请求和响应数据的格式

    manager.requestSerializer = [AFHTTPRequestSerializer serializer];

    manager.responseSerializer =[AFJSONResponseSerializer serializer];

    //发起 GET 请求

    [manager GET:URLString parameters:nil success:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation,id responseObject){

        //请求成功回调

        NSLog(@"responseObject %@",responseObject);

    } failure:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation,NSError *error){

        //请求失败回调

        NSLog(@"error is %d",[error code]);

    }];

b)发送一个POST1请求

  /******************使用AFHTTPRequestOperationManager发送POST1请求*****************/

    

    /*****

     - (AFHTTPRequestOperation *)POST:(NSString *)URLString

     parameters:(id)parameters

     success:(void (^)(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, id responseObject))success

     failure:(void (^)(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, NSError *error))failure;

    *****/

    

    NSString *URLString = @"http://itunes.apple.com/lookup";

    //构建请求的参数

    NSDictionary *para = @{@"id":@794851407};

    //获取请求管理器

    AFHTTPRequestOperationManager *manager = [AFHTTPRequestOperationManager manager];

    //设置响应格式

    manager.responseSerializer = [AFJSONResponseSerializer serializer];

    //发起POST1请求

    [manager POST:URLString parameters:para success:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation,id responseObject){

     //请求成功回调

        NSLog(@"operation.responseObject %@",operation.response);

        NSLog(@"responseObject %@",responseObject);

    } failure:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation,NSError *error){

    //请求失败回调

    NSLog(@"errorcode %d",[error code]);

    }];

c)发送一个POST2请求

 /******************使用AFHTTPRequestOperationManager发送POST1请求*****************/

    

    /*****

    

- (AFHTTPRequestOperation *)POST:(NSString *)URLString

                      parameters:(id)parameters

       constructingBodyWithBlock:(void (^)(id <AFMultipartFormData> formData))block

                         success:(void (^)(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, id responseObject))success

                         failure:(void (^)(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, NSError *error))failure

    *****/

//获取请求管器

AFHTTPRequestOperationManager *manager = [AFHTTPRequestOperationManager manager];

NSDictionary *parameters = @{@"foo": @"bar"};

NSURL *filePath = [NSURL fileURLWithPath:@"file://path/to/image.png"];

[manager POST:@"http://example.com/resources.json" parameters:parameters constructingBodyWithBlock:^(id<AFMultipartFormData> formData) {
    [formData appendPartWithFileURL:filePath name:@"image" error:nil];
} success:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, id responseObject) {
    NSLog(@"Success: %@", responseObject);
} failure:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, NSError *error) {
    NSLog(@"Error: %@", error);
}];

d）使用AFHTTPRequestOperation发起请求

AFHTTPRequestOperation is a subclass of AFURLConnectionOperation for requests using the HTTP or HTTPS protocols. It encapsulates the concept of acceptable status codes and content types, which determine the success or failure of a request.

Although AFHTTPRequestOperationManager is usually the best way to go about making requests, AFHTTPRequestOperation can be used by itself.

AFHTTPRequestOperation是AFURLConnectionOperation 的子类，并使用HTTP or HTTPS协议发起请求。AFHTTPRequestOperation概括了关于请求的状态码和内容类型，决定了请求的成功与失败。

尽管AFHTTPRequestOperationManager是通常关于发起请求最好的方式，但AFHTTPRequestOperation对象也能通过自身发起请求。

GET with AFHTTPRequestOperation

NSURL *URL = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://example.com/resources/123.json"];
NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:URL];
AFHTTPRequestOperation *op = [[AFHTTPRequestOperation alloc] initWithRequest:request];
op.responseSerializer = [AFJSONResponseSerializer serializer];
[op setCompletionBlockWithSuccess:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, id responseObject) {
    NSLog(@"JSON: %@", responseObject);
} failure:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, NSError *error) {
    NSLog(@"Error: %@", error);
}];
[[NSOperationQueue mainQueue] addOperation:op];

e） Batch of Operations(批量请求)

NSMutableArray *mutableOperations = [NSMutableArray array];
for (NSURL *fileURL in filesToUpload) {
    NSURLRequest *request = [[AFHTTPRequestSerializer serializer] multipartFormRequestWithMethod:@"POST" URLString:@"http://example.com/upload" parameters:nil constructingBodyWithBlock:^(id<AFMultipartFormData> formData) {
        [formData appendPartWithFileURL:fileURL name:@"images[]" error:nil];
    }];

    AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation = [[AFHTTPRequestOperation alloc] initWithRequest:request];

    [mutableOperations addObject:operation];
}

NSArray *operations = [AFURLConnectionOperation batchOfRequestOperations:@[...] progressBlock:^(NSUInteger numberOfFinishedOperations, NSUInteger totalNumberOfOperations) {
    NSLog(@"%lu of %lu complete", numberOfFinishedOperations, totalNumberOfOperations);
} completionBlock:^(NSArray *operations) {
    NSLog(@"All operations in batch complete");
}];
[[NSOperationQueue mainQueue] addOperations:operations waitUntilFinished:NO];

f）网络检测及连接状态改变

1：

[[AFNetworkReachabilityManager sharedManager] setReachabilityStatusChangeBlock:^(AFNetworkReachabilityStatus status) {
    NSLog(@"Reachability: %@", AFStringFromNetworkReachabilityStatus(status));
}];

2：

NSURL *baseURL = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://example.com/"];
AFHTTPRequestOperationManager *manager = [[AFHTTPRequestOperationManager alloc] initWithBaseURL:baseURL];

NSOperationQueue *operationQueue = manager.operationQueue;
[manager.reachabilityManager setReachabilityStatusChangeBlock:^(AFNetworkReachabilityStatus status) {
    switch (status) {
        case AFNetworkReachabilityStatusReachableViaWWAN:
        case AFNetworkReachabilityStatusReachableViaWiFi:
            [operationQueue setSuspended:NO];
            break;
        case AFNetworkReachabilityStatusNotReachable:
        default:
            [operationQueue setSuspended:YES];
            break;
    }
}];

[manager.reachabilityManager startMonitoring];