★EDA: 两列相关性

完成以下功能：

1. 从pandas中读取数据
2. 以任意两列进行分析
3. 若两列是数值型，则生成散点图并计算相关性
4. 若其中一列是字符串，则生成箱线图
5. 若两列都是字符串，则生成表格，并计算卡方检验

import tkinter as tk
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
import matplotlib as mpl
from scipy import stats

#显示中文
mpl.rcParams['font.family'] = 'Microsoft JhengHei'
mpl.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['Microsoft JhengHei']  #更新字体格式
mpl.rcParams['font.style'] = 'italic'
mpl.rcParams['font.size'] = 8                          #更新字体大小


# Set the backend for Matplotlib
plt.switch_backend('agg')

特别主意导入数据

# Read data from CSV file
df = pd.read_csv(r"Q:\Python Testing"+"\\"+"容量预测.csv",encoding="utf-8")
df =df.iloc[:,-5:]

主程序

# Get unique factors and dimensions from the CSV columns
factors = df.columns.tolist()
dimensions = factors.copy()

# Function to plot the data
def plot_data():
    factor = selected_factor.get()
    dimension = selected_dimension.get()
    x = df[factor]
    y = df[dimension]

#     # Convert x and y to numeric type if necessary
#     x = pd.to_numeric(x, errors='coerce')
#     y = pd.to_numeric(y, errors='coerce')

    # Clear the container frame
    for widget in container.winfo_children():
        widget.destroy()

    # Create a figure and axes
    fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(6, 4))

    # Check if factors and dimensions are valid
    if factor in df.columns and dimension in df.columns:
        if (type(x.iat[0])!=str) and (type(y.iat[0])!=str):
            # Scatter plot
            ax.scatter(x, y)
            ax.set_title(factor+" vs. "+dimension)
            ax.set_xlabel(factor)
            ax.set_ylabel(dimension)

            # Add the correlation coefficient to the plot
            corr_coef = np.corrcoef(x, y)[0, 1]
            ax.text(0.9, 0.1, 'Correlation: {:.2f}'.format(corr_coef),
                    horizontalalignment='right', verticalalignment='center',
                    transform=ax.transAxes)
        elif (type(x.iat[0])==str) and (type(y.iat[0])!=str):
            # Box plot
            df.boxplot(column=dimension, by=factor, ax=ax)
#             ax.set_title(dimension+" by "+factor)
            ax.set_xlabel(factor)
            ax.set_ylabel(dimension)
 
        elif (type(x.iat[0])!=str) and (type(y.iat[0])==str):
            # Box plot
            df.boxplot(column=factor, by=dimension, ax=ax)
#             ax.set_title(factor+" by "+dimension)
            ax.set_xlabel(dimension)
            ax.set_ylabel(factor)
        
        
        
        elif  (type(x.iat[0])==str) and (type(y.iat[0])==str):
            # Summary table
            summary_table = df.groupby([factor, dimension]).size().unstack(fill_value=0)
            ax.table(cellText=summary_table.values, colLabels=summary_table.columns,
                     rowLabels=summary_table.index, loc='center')
            ax.axis('off')
            ax.set_title(factor+" vs. "+dimension +" ""Summary Table")

            # Adjust the figure size to fit the table
            fig.set_size_inches(6, 4)            
            
            # Chi-square test
            observed = pd.crosstab(df[factor], df[dimension])
            chi2, p_val, dof, expected = stats.chi2_contingency(observed)
            chi2_result = "Chi-square: {:.2f}   p-value: {:.4f}".format(chi2, p_val)
            ax.text(0.5, 0.1, chi2_result, horizontalalignment='center', verticalalignment='center',
                    transform=ax.transAxes, fontsize=8, color='red')
        
    else:
        ax.text(0.5, 0.5, 'Invalid columns', horizontalalignment='center', verticalalignment='center')

    # Create a canvas and show the plot in Tkinter window
    canvas = FigureCanvasTkAgg(fig, master=container)
    canvas.draw()
    canvas.get_tk_widget().pack(side=tk.TOP, fill=tk.BOTH, expand=1)

# Create the main window
root = tk.Tk()
root.title("Data Visualization")

# Create the container frame to hold the plot
container = tk.Frame(root)
container.pack()

# Create the dropdown menus
selected_factor = tk.StringVar(root)
selected_factor.set(factors[0])  # Set the default selection to the first factor
dropdown_factor = tk.OptionMenu(root, selected_factor, *factors)
dropdown_factor.pack()

selected_dimension = tk.StringVar(root)
selected_dimension.set(dimensions[0])  # Set the default selection to the first dimension
dropdown_dimension = tk.OptionMenu(root, selected_dimension, *dimensions)
dropdown_dimension.pack()

# Create the button to plot the data and bind it to the event
plot_button = tk.Button(root, text="Plot", command=plot_data)
plot_button.pack()

# Run the main loop
root.mainloop()