简介:Hessian是一个轻量级的remoting onhttp工具,使用简单的方法提供了RMI的功能。 相比WebService,Hessian更简单、快捷。采用的是二进制RPC协议,因为采用的是二进制协议,所以它很适合于发送二进制数据。
本文讲述了spring对Hessian的集成。
服务端:
maven依赖:
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>3.2.8.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>3.2.8.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.caucho</groupId>
<artifactId>hessian</artifactId>
<version>4.0.38</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
接口:
public interface AccountService {
public void insertAccount(Account account);
public Account getAccount();
}
接口实现类:
public class AccountServiceImpl implements AccountService {
public void insertAccount(Account acc) {
System.out.println(acc.getName());
}
public Account getAccount() {
Account account = new Account();
account.setName("account");
return account;
}
}
实体类:
public class Account implements Serializable {
private String name;
public String getName(){
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
}
web.xml配置:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
version="2.5">
<servlet>
<servlet-name>remoting</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath*:/remoting-mvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>remoting</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/remoting/*</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!--<context-param>-->
<!--<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>-->
<!--<param-value>-->
<!--classpath*:/applicationContext.xml-->
<!--</param-value>-->
<!--</context-param>-->
<!--<listener>-->
<!--<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>-->
<!--</listener>-->
<!--<servlet>-->
<!--<servlet-name>accountExporter</servlet-name>-->
<!--<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.context.support.HttpRequestHandlerServlet</servlet-class>-->
<!--</servlet>-->
<!--<servlet-mapping>-->
<!--<servlet-name>accountExporter</servlet-name>-->
<!--<url-pattern>/remoting/AccountService</url-pattern>-->
<!--</servlet-mapping>-->
</web-app>
remoting-mvc.xml配置:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd">
<bean id="accountService" class="com.yx.serverHessian.AccountServiceImpl">
</bean>
<!--暴露AccountService-->
<bean name="/AccountService" class="org.springframework.remoting.caucho.HessianServiceExporter">
<property name="service" ref="accountService"/>
<property name="serviceInterface" value="com.yx.serverHessian.AccountService"/>
</bean>
<bean id="pwdService" class="com.yx.serverHessian.PwdServiceImpl">
</bean>
<!--暴露PwdService-->
<bean name="/PwdService" class="org.springframework.remoting.caucho.HessianServiceExporter">
<property name="service" ref="pwdService"/>
<property name="serviceInterface" value="com.yx.serverHessian.PwdService"/>
</bean>
</beans>
q:这里服务是怎么映射的了?
a:在servlet.xml没有显示的指定handler mapping,spring默认采用BeanNameUrlHanderMapping 的映射方式,则URL映射过来会自动映射到对应的服务上。
spring还介绍了另一种简单的配置方式:
将Hessian服务暴露在applicationContext.xml中而不是servlet.xml中,将servlet换成了HttpRequestHandlerServlet。
配置如下:
web.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
version="2.5">
<!--<servlet>-->
<!--<servlet-name>remoting</servlet-name>-->
<!--<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>-->
<!--<init-param>-->
<!--<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>-->
<!--<param-value>classpath*:/remoting-mvc.xml</param-value>-->
<!--</init-param>-->
<!--<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>-->
<!--</servlet>-->
<!--<servlet-mapping>-->
<!--<servlet-name>remoting</servlet-name>-->
<!--<url-pattern>/remoting/*</url-pattern>-->
<!--</servlet-mapping>-->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>
classpath*:/applicationContext.xml
</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>accountExporter</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.context.support.HttpRequestHandlerServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>accountExporter</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/remoting/AccountService</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
applicationContext.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<bean id="accountService" class="com.yx.serverHessian.AccountServiceImpl"/>
<bean name="accountExporter" class="org.springframework.remoting.caucho.HessianServiceExporter">
<property name="service" ref="accountService"/>
<property name="serviceInterface" value="com.yx.serverHessian.AccountService"/>
</bean>
</beans>
注:这里applicationContext.xml要暴露的service对应的bean name(accountExporter)必须和web.xml中的servlet name对应
服务端的这两种配置各有各的优势,在一个以springmvc作为开发的框架里建议采用第一种配置方式,因为如果服务端有多个服务需要部署,则仅需要在servlet.xml中多配置几个服务的映射bean即可。而在servlet.xml中配置服务映射也和servlet的作用相符。如果采用的是其他框架作为请求转发,则可采用第二种配置方式,因为不涉及到servlet的配置,配置仅在applicationContext.xml中,不多还有个弊端多个服务的部署需要在web.xml中配置多有servlet.(仅笔者个人建议)
客户端:
首先将服务端的service接口类以及实体类弄成jar包以便在客户端使用,当然你也可以把相关java类直接复制过来直接用。
maven依赖:
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>3.2.8.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>3.2.8.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.caucho</groupId>
<artifactId>hessian</artifactId>
<version>4.0.38</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
applicationContext.xml配置:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd"
default-lazy-init="true">
<bean id="accountService" class="org.springframework.remoting.caucho.HessianProxyFactoryBean">
<property name="serviceUrl" value="http://localhost:8080/serverHessian/remoting/AccountService"/>
<property name="serviceInterface" value="com.yx.serverHessian.AccountService"/>
</bean>
<!--<bean id="pwdService" class="org.springframework.remoting.caucho.HessianProxyFactoryBean">-->
<!--<property name="serviceUrl" value="http://localhost:8080/serverHessian/remoting/PwdService"/>-->
<!--<property name="serviceInterface" value="com.yx.serverHessian.PwdService"/>-->
<!--</bean>-->
</beans>
注:一般多个服务的url配置一般都是在在配置文件中先写好配置url后在applicationContext中加上对应的服务,http://localhost:8080/serverHessian/remoting/AccountService
可写成${remoteUrl}/AccountService
测试的main类:
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args)
{
ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
AccountService accountService = (AccountService)applicationContext.getBean("accountService");
Account account = accountService.getAccount();
System.out.println("name: " + account.getName());
accountService.insertAccount(account);
// PwdService pwdService = (PwdService)applicationContext.getBean("pwdService");
// Pwd pwd = pwdService.getPwd();
//
// System.out.println("name: " + pwd.getPwd());
}
}
注:url请不要写错了http://localhost:8080/serverHessian/remoting/AccountService,这里的serverHessian是服务端应用程序上下文,remoting对应servlet的映射,AccountService对应服务。