SpringBoot进阶

1 Spring Boot 监控

1.1 Java 监听机制

SpringBoot 的监听机制，其实是对Java提供的事件监听机制的封装。

Java中的事件监听机制定义了以下几个角色：

1. 事件：Event，继承 java.util.EventObject 类的对象
2. 事件源：Source ，任意对象Object
3. 监听器：Listener，实现 java.util.EventListener 接口 的对象

1.2 SpringBoot 监听机制

SpringBoot 在项目run方法启动时，会对几个监听器进行回调，我们可以实现这些监听器接口，在项目启动时完成 一些操作。

ApplicationContextInitializer、SpringApplicationRunListener、CommandLineRunner、ApplicationRunner

1. 新建springboot工程

2. MyApplicationContextInitializer

  package com.itheima.springbootlistener.listener;
  
  import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextInitializer;
  import org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext;
  import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
  
  @Component
  public class MyApplicationContextInitializer implements ApplicationContextInitializer {
      @Override
      public void initialize(ConfigurableApplicationContext applicationContext) {
          System.out.println("ApplicationContextInitializer....initialize");
      }
  }
  

3. MySpringApplicationRunListener

  package com.itheima.springbootlistener.listener;
  
  import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
  import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplicationRunListener;
  import org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext;
  import org.springframework.core.env.ConfigurableEnvironment;
  import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
  
  public class MySpringApplicationRunListener implements SpringApplicationRunListener {
  
      public MySpringApplicationRunListener(SpringApplication application, String[] args) {
      }
  
      @Override
      public void starting() {
          System.out.println("starting...项目启动中");
      }
  
      @Override
      public void environmentPrepared(ConfigurableEnvironment environment) {
          System.out.println("environmentPrepared...环境对象开始准备");
      }
  
      @Override
      public void contextPrepared(ConfigurableApplicationContext context) {
          System.out.println("contextPrepared...上下文对象开始准备");
      }
  
      @Override
      public void contextLoaded(ConfigurableApplicationContext context) {
          System.out.println("contextLoaded...上下文对象开始加载");
      }
  
      @Override
      public void started(ConfigurableApplicationContext context) {
          System.out.println("started...上下文对象加载完成");
      }
  
      @Override
      public void running(ConfigurableApplicationContext context) {
          System.out.println("running...项目启动完成，开始运行");
      }
  
      @Override
      public void failed(ConfigurableApplicationContext context, Throwable exception) {
          System.out.println("failed...项目启动失败");
      }
  }
  

4. MyCommandLineRunner

  package com.itheima.springbootlistener.listener;
  
  import org.springframework.boot.CommandLineRunner;
  import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
  
  import java.util.Arrays;
  
  @Component
  public class MyCommandLineRunner implements CommandLineRunner {
      @Override
      public void run(String... args) throws Exception {
          System.out.println("CommandLineRunner...run");
          System.out.println(Arrays.asList(args));
      }
  }
  

5. MyApplicationRunner

   package com.itheima.springbootlistener.listener;
   
   import org.springframework.boot.ApplicationArguments;
   import org.springframework.boot.ApplicationRunner;
   import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
   
   import java.util.Arrays;
   
   /**
    * 当项目启动后执行run方法。
    */
   @Component
   public class MyApplicationRunner implements ApplicationRunner {
       @Override
       public void run(ApplicationArguments args) throws Exception {
           System.out.println("ApplicationRunner...run");
           System.out.println(Arrays.asList(args.getSourceArgs()));
       }
   }
   

META-INF/spring.factories

   org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextInitializer=com.itheima.springbootlistener.listener.MyApplicationContextInitializer
   
   org.springframework.boot.SpringApplicationRunListener=com.itheima.springbootlistener.listener.MySpringApplicationRunListener

1.3 总结

springboot提供的监听器如下

• ApplicationContextInitializer、
• SpringApplicationRunListener、
• CommandLineRunner、
• ApplicationRunner

当springboot启动的时候会自动执行监听器中的方法。
其中CommandLineRunner、ApplicationRunner通过加@Component即可直接剩下。剩下的两个需要配置到spring.factories文件中才能生效

2 SpringBoot监控-actuator基本使用

2.1 使用步骤

第一步导入依赖

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>

第二步访问http://localhost:8080/acruator页面查看信息

{
    "_links":{
        "self":{
            "href":"http://localhost:8080/actuator",
            "templated":false
        },
        "health":{
            "href":"http://localhost:8080/actuator/health",
            "templated":false
        },
        "health-component-instance":{
            "href":"http://localhost:8080/actuator/health/{component}/{instance}",
            "templated":true
        },
        "health-component":{
            "href":"http://localhost:8080/actuator/health/{component}",
            "templated":true
        },
        "info":{
            "href":"http://localhost:8080/actuator/info",
            "templated":false
        }
    }
}

通过网址查看配置信息，比如配置信息如下

info.name=lucy
info.age=99

查看地址http://localhost:8080/actuator/info ,其中info表示配置文件的前缀

2.2 配置信息

开启健康检查详细信息

management.endpoint.health.show-details=always

开启所有endpoint

management.endpoints.web.exposure.include=*

3 SpringBoot admin图形化工具

因为actuator查看数据不方便，所以使用admin

3.1 使用步骤

第一步创建server

<dependency>
    <groupId>de.codecentric</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-admin-starter-server</artifactId>
</dependency>

在启动类上添加@EnableAdminServer

第二步创建client

<dependency>
    <groupId>de.codecentric</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-admin-starter-client</artifactId>
</dependency>

spring.boot.admin.client.url=http://localhost:9000

management.endpoint.health.show-details=always
management.endpoints.web.exposure.include=*

第三步

启动server和client，访问server即可

4 SpringBoot项目部署

4.1 指定打包名称

<build>
	<finalName>springboot</finalName>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>

方式1

直接打jar包，运行jar包即可 java -jar xxx.jar

方式2

打war包，发布到tomcat中，打包前需要修改启动类，让启动类继承SpringBootServletInitializer，并重写configure方法

@SpringBootApplication
public class SpringbootDeployApplication extends SpringBootServletInitializer {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(SpringbootDeployApplication.class, args);
    }


    @Override
    protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure(SpringApplicationBuilder builder) {
        return builder.sources(SpringbootDeployApplication.class);
    }
}