实验六 聊天界面

一、实验目的

（1）掌握ListView的使用

（2）掌握如何自定义Adapter

（3）掌握制作Nine-Patch图片

二、实验内容

    使用ListView编写一个简单的聊天界面，可以发送消息显示在屏幕上，不管消息多长背景图片都不会因为放大而失真。

三、实验结果图

四、实验代码

Msg类：

package com.zl5.chat;
public class Msg {
	public static final int RECEIVED = 0;
	public static final int SENT = 1;
	private String content;
	private int type;
	public Msg(String content, int type) {
		this.content = content;
		this.type = type;
	}
	public String getContent() {
		return content;
	}
	public int getType() {
		return type;
	}
}

MsgAdapter:

package com.zl5.chat;

import java.util.List;

import android.content.Context;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
import android.widget.LinearLayout;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class MsgAdapter extends ArrayAdapter<Msg> {
	
	public int tv_layout;

	public MsgAdapter(Context context, int tvresource, List<Msg> objects) {
		super(context, tvresource, objects);
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
		tv_layout = tvresource;
	}

	@SuppressWarnings("static-access")
	@Override
	public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		Msg msg = getItem(position);
		View view;
		ViewHolder viewholder;
		if(convertView == null){
			view = LayoutInflater.from(getContext()).inflate(tv_layout, null);
			viewholder = new ViewHolder();
			viewholder.left_layout = (LinearLayout) view.findViewById(R.id.left_layout);
			viewholder.right_layout = (LinearLayout) view.findViewById(R.id.right_layout);
			viewholder.left_msg = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.left_msg);
			viewholder.right_msg = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.right_msg);
			view.setTag(viewholder);
		}
		else{
			view = convertView;
			viewholder = (ViewHolder) view.getTag();
		}
		if(msg.getType() == msg.RECEIVED){
			viewholder.left_layout.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
			viewholder.right_layout.setVisibility(View.GONE);
			viewholder.left_msg.setText(msg.getContent());
		}
		else if(msg.getType() == msg.SENT){
			viewholder.right_layout.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
			viewholder.left_layout.setVisibility(View.GONE);
			viewholder.right_msg.setText(msg.getContent());
		}
		return view;
	}
	
}

class ViewHolder{
	LinearLayout left_layout;
	LinearLayout right_layout;
	TextView left_msg;
	TextView right_msg;
}

MainActivity:

package com.zl5.chat;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.view.Window;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.ListView;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
	
	private ListView msg_list;
	private EditText input;
	private Button send;
	private MsgAdapter adapter;
	private List<Msg> msglist = new ArrayList<Msg>();

	@Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE);
		setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
		initMsg();
		
		input = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.input);
		send = (Button) findViewById(R.id.send);
		msg_list = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.msg_list);
		
		adapter = new MsgAdapter(MainActivity.this, R.layout.msg_item, msglist);
		msg_list.setAdapter(adapter);
		send.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
			
			@Override
			public void onClick(View view) {
				// TODO Auto-generated method stub
				String content = input.getText().toString();
				if (!"".equals(content)) {
					Msg msg = new Msg(content, Msg.SENT);
					msglist.add(msg);
					adapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
					msg_list.setSelection(msglist.size());
					input.setText("");
				}

			}
		});
	}

public void initMsg(){
	Msg msg1 = new Msg("你好~", Msg.RECEIVED);
	msglist.add(msg1);
	Msg msg2 = new Msg("Hello.你是谁？", Msg.SENT);
	msglist.add(msg2);
	Msg msg3 = new Msg("我是下铺的。 我们可以聊聊吗？ ", Msg.RECEIVED);
	msglist.add(msg3);
}
}

activity_main.xml:

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:background="@drawable/chutian"
    android:orientation="vertical" >


    <ListView
        android:id="@+id/msg_list"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="0dp"
        android:layout_weight="1"
        android:divider="#0000" >
    </ListView>

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" >

        <EditText
            android:id="@+id/input"
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:hint="@string/hint"
            android:maxLines="2" />

        <Button
            android:id="@+id/send"
            android:layout_width="50dp"
            android:layout_height="50dp"
            android:background="@drawable/send" />
        
    </LinearLayout>


</LinearLayout>

msg_item.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:padding="10dp"
    android:orientation="vertical" >
    
    <LinearLayout
        android:id="@+id/left_layout"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_gravity="start"
        android:background="@drawable/left_chat" >

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/left_msg"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_gravity="center"
            android:layout_margin="10dp"
            android:textColor="#fff" />

    </LinearLayout>

    <LinearLayout
        android:id="@+id/right_layout"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_gravity="end"
        android:background="@drawable/right_chat" >

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/right_msg"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_gravity="center"
            android:layout_margin="10dp"
            android:textColor="#fff" />
    
     </LinearLayout>

</LinearLayout>

经过Nine-Patch制作后的图片：

五、存在的问题

    本文中的消息接收是自己添加的，想要实现真正的消息收发需要继续学习呀，另外注意气泡图片背景制作，画上黑线的地方是可拉伸的部分，参考书上有错误，左右上下画的黑线应对称，不然就按照长的线进行拉伸。

PS：上面的所有方法会在自学笔记中详细介绍