HttpServletRequest

一、HttpServletRequest介绍

  HttpServletRequest,Extends the ServletRequest interface to provide request information for HTTP servlets.翻译过来就是HttpServletRequest是继承于ServletRequest,专门用来向HTTP协议的Servlets提供请求信息。当客户端通过HTTP协议访问服务器时，HTTP请求头中的所有信息都封装在这个对象中，通过这个对象提供的方法，可以获得客户端请求的所有信息。

二、HttpServletRequest常用方法

• getServletContext()
• getRealPath(java.lang.String path)
• getContextPath()
• getServletPath()
• getPathInfo()
• getRequestURI()
• getRequestURL()
• getMethod()
• getQueryString()
• getParameter(java.lang.String name)
• getParameterMap()
• getParameterNames()
• getParameterValues(java.lang.String name)
• getRemoteAddr()
• getRemoteHost()
• getRemotePort()
• getRemoteUser()
• getLocale()
• getLocalAddr()
• getLocalName()
• getLocalPort()
• getServerName()
• getServerPort()
• getProtocol()
• getScheme()
• getHeader(java.lang.String name)
• getHeaderNames()
• getHeaders(java.lang.String name)
• getSession()
• getSession(boolean create)

三、方法测试

servlet：

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.Locale;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class DispatcherServlet extends HttpServlet {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = -514345712229720561L;

    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,
            HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

        String realPath = request.getServletContext().getRealPath("/");
        String contextPath = request.getContextPath();
        String ServletPath = request.getServletPath();
        String pathInfo = request.getPathInfo();
        String requestUri = request.getRequestURI();
        String requestUrl = request.getRequestURL().toString();

        String method = request.getMethod();
        String queryString = request.getQueryString();

        String user = request.getParameter("user");
        String password = request.getParameter("password");

        String remoteAddr = request.getRemoteAddr();
        String remoteHost = request.getRemoteHost();
        int remotePort = request.getRemotePort();
        String remoteUser = request.getRemoteUser();

        Locale locale = request.getLocale();
        String localAddr = request.getLocalAddr();
        String localName = request.getLocalName();
        int localPort = request.getLocalPort();

        String serverName = request.getServerName();
        int serverPort = request.getServerPort();

        String accept = request.getHeader("Accept");
        String userAgent = request.getHeader("User-Agent");

        response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
        response.setHeader("content-type", "text/html;charset=UTF-8");

        PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
        out.write("获取到的客户机信息如下：");
        out.write("<hr/>");
        out.write("请求的绝对路径：" + realPath);
        out.write("<br/>");
        out.write("请求的上下文：" + contextPath);
        out.write("<br/>");
        out.write("请求的ServletPath：" + ServletPath);
        out.write("<br/>");
        out.write("pathInfo：" + pathInfo);
        out.write("<br/>");
        out.write("请求的资源：" + requestUri);
        out.write("<br/>");
        out.write("请求的URL地址：" + requestUrl);
        out.write("<br/>");
        out.write("<br/>");

        out.write("请求使用的方法：" + method);
        out.write("<br/>");
        out.write("请求的URL地址中附带的参数：" + queryString);
        out.write("<br/>");
        out.write("请求参数user：" + user);
        out.write("<br/>");
        out.write("请求参数password：" + password);
        out.write("<br/>");
        out.write("<br/>");

        out.write("来访者IP地址：" + remoteAddr);
        out.write("<br/>");
        out.write("来访者主机名：" + remoteHost);
        out.write("<br/>");
        out.write("来访者端口号：" + remotePort);
        out.write("<br/>");
        out.write("来访用户：" + remoteUser);
        out.write("<br/>");
        out.write("<br/>");

        out.write("请求最终到达的服务器本地语言环境：" + locale);
        out.write("<br/>");
        out.write("请求最终到达的服务器IP地址（请求被转发以后最终处理的地方）：" + localAddr);
        out.write("<br/>");
        out.write("请求最终到达的服务器主机名（请求被转发以后最终处理的地方）：" + localName);
        out.write("<br/>");
        out.write("请求最终到达的服务器端口（请求被转发以后最终处理的地方）：" + localPort);
        out.write("<br/>");
        out.write("<br/>");

        out.write("请求被发送的主机名（url链接中的主机名）：" + serverName);
        out.write("<br/>");
        out.write("请求被发送的端口（url链接中的端口号）：" + serverPort);
        out.write("<br/>");
        out.write("<br/>");

        out.write("Accept:" + accept);
        out.write("<br/>");
        out.write("User-Agent:" + userAgent);
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.doPost(req, resp);
    }
}

web.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
    id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.zavier.test.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    </servlet>


    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/jsp/*</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

运行结果：