复杂查询的实现（多对一，一对多）

多对一处理

• 多个学生，对应一个老师；
• 对于学生而言，关联：多个学生关联一个老师【多对一】
• 对于老师而言，集合：一个老师有很多学生【一对多】

SQL：

CREATE TABLE `teacher`(
`id` INT(10) NOT NULL,
`name` VARCHAR(30) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY(`id`)
)ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8

INSERT INTO teacher(`id`,`name`)VALUES (1,'秦老师');

CREATE TABLE `student`(
`id` INT(10) NOT NULL,
`name` VARCHAR(30) DEFAULT NULL,
`tid` INT(10) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY(`id`),
KEY `fktid`(`tid`),
CONSTRAINT `fktid` FOREIGN KEY (`tid`) REFERENCES `teacher` (`id`)
)ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8


INSERT INTO `student`(`id`,`name`,`tid`) VALUES(1,'小明',1);
INSERT INTO `student`(`id`,`name`,`tid`) VALUES(2,'小红',1);
INSERT INTO `student`(`id`,`name`,`tid`) VALUES(3,'小张',1);
INSERT INTO `student`(`id`,`name`,`tid`) VALUES(4,'小李',1);
INSERT INTO `student`(`id`,`name`,`tid`) VALUES(5,'小王',1);

测试环境搭建：

1. 导入lombok

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.projectlombok/lombok -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>1.18.20</version>
        </dependency>

2. 新建实体类Teacher，Student

@Data
public class Teacher {
    private int id;
    private String name;
}

@Data
public class Student {
    private int id;
    private String name;
    //学生需要关联老师，所以不应该是private int tid
    private Teacher teacher;
}

3. 建立Mapper接口

public interface TeacherMapper {

    @Select("select * from teacher where id = #{tid}")
    Teacher getTeacher(@Param("tid") int id);
}

StudentMapper同理

4. 建立Mapper.xml文件
   TeacherMapper 和 StudentMapper一样 都是如下代码

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.zhoutianhao.dao.TeacherMapper">

</mapper>

5. 在核心配置文件中绑定注册我们的Mapper接口或者文件

    <!--绑定接口-->
    <mappers>
        <mapper class="com.zhoutianhao.dao.StudentMapper"/>
        <mapper class="com.zhoutianhao.dao.TeacherMapper"/>
    </mappers>

7. 测试查询是否成功

按照查询嵌套处理

    <!--
    思路：
        1.查询所有学生信息
        2.根据查询出来的学生的tid。寻找对应的老师
    -->
    <select id="getStudent" resultMap="StudentTeacher">
        select * from student
    </select>
    <resultMap id="StudentTeacher" type="Student">
        <result property="id" column="id"/>
        <result property="name" column="name"/>
        <!--复杂的属性，我们需要单独处理
            对象：association
            集合：collection
         -->
        <association property="teacher" column="tid" javaType="Teacher" select="getTeacher"/>
    </resultMap>
    
    <select id="getTeacher" resultType="Teacher">
        select * from teacher where id = #{id}
    </select>

按照结果嵌套处理

<!--按照结果嵌套处理-->
    <select id="getStudent2" resultMap="StudentTeacher2">
        select s.id sid,s.name sname,t.id tid,t.name tname
        from student s,teacher t
        where s.tid=t.id
    </select>
    
    <resultMap id="StudentTeacher2" type="Student">
        <result property="id" column="sid"/>
        <result property="name" column="sname"/>
        <association property="teacher" javaType="Teacher">
            <result property="name" column="tname"/>
            <result property="id" column="tid"/>
        </association>
    </resultMap>

Mysql多对一的查询方式：

• 子查询
• 联表查询

一对多处理

如：一个老师管理多个学生
对于老师而言就是一对多的关系

环境搭建（同上）

实体类

@Data
public class Student {
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private int tid;
}

@Data
public class Teacher {
    private int id;
    private String name;
    //一个老师拥有多个学生
    private List<Student> students;
}

按照结果嵌套处理

    <!--按结果嵌套查询-->
    <select id="getTeacher" resultMap="TeacherStudent">
        select s.id sid, s.name sname, t.name tname, t.id tid
        from student s,teacher t
        where s.tid = t.id and t.id = #{tid}
    </select>
    <resultMap id="TeacherStudent" type="Teacher">
        <result property="id" column="tid"/>
        <result property="name" column="tname"/>
        <!--复杂的属性，我们需要单独处理  对象：association  集合：collection
        javaType=""指定属性的类型
        集合中的泛型信息，使用ofType
         -->
        <collection property="students" ofType="Student">
            <result property="id" column="sid"/>
            <result property="name" column="sname"/>
            <result property="tid" column="tid"/>
        </collection>
    </resultMap>

按照查询嵌套处理

    <select id="getTeacher2" resultMap="TeacherStudent2">
        select * from mybatis.teacher where id = #{tid}
    </select>
    <resultMap id="TeacherStudent2" type="Teacher">
        <result property="id" column="id"/>
        <result property="name" column="name"/>     
        <collection property="students" column="id" javaType="ArrayList" ofType="Student" select="getStudentByTeacherId"/>
    </resultMap>
    <select id="getStudentByTeacherId" resultType="Student">
        select * from mybatis.student where tid = #{tid};
    </select>

小结

1. 关联：association 【多对一】
2. 集合：collection 【一对多】
3. javaType & ofType
   javaType：用来指定实体类中的属性的类型
   ofType：用来指定映射到List或者集合中的pojo类型，泛型中的约束类型