1.本地YUM配置
一、挂载本地光盘到系统
[root@centos mnt]# mkdir cd[root@centos mnt]# mkdir cd1
[root@centos mnt]# mount -t iso9660 /dev/cdrom /mnt/cd
[root@centos mnt]# mount -t iso9660 /dev/cdrom1 /mnt/cd1
二、配置本地yum源
cd /etc/yum.repos.d/ #进入yum配置目录
vi CentOS-Media.repo #编辑配置文件,添加以下内容:
[GuangPan]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Media #自定义名称
baseurl=file:///mnt/cdrom/ #本地光盘挂载路径
gpgcheck=0 #检查GPG-KEY,0为不检查,1为检查
enabled=1 #启用yum源,0为不启用,1为启用
==================================================================
[root@centos ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@centos yum.repos.d]# ls
CentOS-Base.repo123 CentOS-Media.repo CentOS-Vault.repo
CentOS-Debuginfo.repo123 CentOS-Media.repo.bak
[root@centos yum.repos.d]# vi CentOS-Media.repo
# CentOS-Media.repo
#
# This repo can be used with mounted DVD media, verify the mount point for
# CentOS-6. You can use this repo and yum to install items directly off the
# DVD ISO that we release.
#
# To use this repo, put in your DVD and use it with the other repos too:
# yum --enablerepo=c6-media [command]
#
# or for ONLY the media repo, do this:
#
# yum --disablerepo=\* --enablerepo=c6-media [command]
[c6-media]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Media
baseurl=file:///mnt/cd
file:///mnt/cd1
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
~
~
~
~
"CentOS-Media.repo" 19L, 533C
=============================================================================
三、清除yum缓存,使用yum install自动安装软件
yum clean all #清除yum缓存
四、屏蔽网络yum的配置文件
CentOS需要将/etc/yum.rpos. d/目录下的CentOS-Base.repo、CentOS-Debuginfo.repo文件进行改名,这样就可以绕过网络进行本地源的安装。具体命令如下:
cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
mv CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-Base.repo123
mv CentOS-Debuginfo.repo CentOS-Debuginfo.repo123
五、测试本地源的指定是否成功。
yum makecache 获取yum列表出现下面提示,表示yum更改完成:
Metadata Cache Created
完成!
2.网络YUM配置
[转载]RedHat Enterprise Linux 6.4使用Centos 6 的yum源
思路:卸载redhat自带yum,然后下载centos的yum,安装后修改配置文件
1、首先到http://mirrors.163.com/centos下载软件包
x86 地址:http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/i386/Packages/
x86_64 地址:http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/
必要下载的软件包有(以64位系统为例):
a
b
c
d
下载命令:
wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpm wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-3.2.29-40.el6.centos.noarch.rpm wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-14.el6.noarch.rpm |
[注] :版本不一定要最新的
2、卸载RedHat自带的yum
3、安装下载的centos的yum包:
rpm -ivh python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm
rpm -ivh yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh yum-3.2.29-40.el6.centos.noarch.rpm yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-14.el6.noarch.rpm
[注] :最后2个需要一起安装,否则会出现依赖性错误
4、到http://mirrors.163.com的 centos帮助文档 中下载CentOS6-Base-163.repo文件,存放到/etc/yum.repo.d中
wget http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS6-Base-163.repo
5、编辑CentOS6-Base-163.repo文件,将其中的$releasever更改为centos的版本号
下面是修改好的:
# CentOS-Base.repo # # The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the # update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and # geographically close to the client. # unless you are manually picking other mirrors. # # If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the # remarked out baseurl= line instead. # # [base] name=CentOS-6 - Base - 163.com baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/$basearch/ #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=$basearch&repo=os gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6 #released updates [updates] name=CentOS-6 - Updates - 163.com baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/updates/$basearch/ #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=$basearch&repo=updates gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6 #additional packages that may be useful [extras] name=CentOS-6 - Extras - 163.com baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/extras/$basearch/ #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=$basearch&repo=extras gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6 #additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages [centosplus] name=CentOS-6 - Plus - 163.com baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/centosplus/$basearch/ #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus gpgcheck=1 enabled=0 gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6 #contrib - packages by Centos Users [contrib] name=CentOS-6 - Contrib - 163.com baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/contrib/$basearch/ #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=$basearch&repo=contrib gpgcheck=1 enabled=0 gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6 |
6、yum clean all 清除原有缓存
7、yum makecache 获取yum列表
出现下面提示,表示yum更改完成:
Metadata Cache Created
常用命令
yum install php #安装php
yum remove php #卸载php
1.使用 YUM 查找软件包
命令:yum search <keyword>
2.列出所有可安装的软件包
命令:yum list
3.列出所有可更新的软件包
命令:yum list updates
4.列出所有已安装的软件包
命令:yum list installed
5.列出所有已安装但不在 Yum Repository 內的软件包
命令:yum list extras
6.列出所指定的软件包
命令:yum list <package_name>
7.使用 YUM 获取软件包信息
命令:yum info <package_name>
8.列出所有软件包的信息
命令:yum info
9.列出所有可更新的软件包信息
命令:yum info updates
10.列出所有已安裝的软件包信息
命令:yum info installed
11.列出所有已安裝但不在 Yum Repository 內的软件包信息
命令:yum info extras
12.列出软件包提供哪些文件
命令:yum provides <package_name>
# yum list ----列出可安装的软件
# yum grouplist ----列出可安装的组件
# yum makecache ----同步缓存
# yum clean all ----清除所有缓存
#yum remove package ----删除软件包
#yum groupremove group ---- 删除某个组件的全部软件包
===================================================
#yum groupinstall 'X Window System' -y ----安装“X windows”组件
#yum groupinstall desktop
#yum groupremove 'K Desktop Environment' ----卸载 KDE 桌面环境