学习笔记 Java_毕向东_创建线程_同步代码块synchronized 2014.8.6

一、多线程

1、创建线程-继承Thread类

1. 创建线程

   class Demo extends Thread
   {
   	private String name;
   
   	Demo(String name)
   	{
   //		this.name = name;  	
   		super(name);  //为什么要用super才能把自己给线程取的名字传进来呢？
   	}
   
   	public void run()
   	{
   		for(int x = 0; x < 10; x++)
   			System.out.println((Thread.currentThread() == this) + ".." + this.getName() + "demo..." + x);  
   	} 
   }
   
   class MyThreadDemo
   {
   	public static void main(String[] args) 
   	{
   		Demo d1 = new Demo("Thread-1");
   		Demo d2 = new Demo("Thread-2");
   		d1.start();
   		d2.start();
   		
   	//	d2.run();
   	//	d1.run();
   
   		for(int x = 0; x < 10; x++)
   		System.out.println("main..." + x);		
   	}
   }

2. 售票程序

   class Ticket extends Thread
   {
   //	private static int tick = 10;  //问题：static为什么就解决了呢？但是一般不静态（因为静态生命周期太长）
   	int tick = 10;
   
   	public void run()
   	{
   		//private static int tick = 10;  这个位置不能加private static
   		while(tick > 0)
   		{
   			System.out.println(currentThread().getName() + "tick sale..." + tick--);
   		}
   	}
   }
   
   class MyTicketDemo 
   {
   	public static void main(String[] args) 
   	{
   		Ticket t1 = new Ticket();
   		Ticket t2 = new Ticket();
   		t1.start();  //开启一个线程就有100张票
   		t2.start();  //开启一个线程就有100张票
   	}
   } 

2、创建线程-实现Runnable接口

1. 售票程序

   class Ticket implements Runnable
   {
   	private int tick = 10;
   	public void run()
   	{
   		while(true)
   		{
   			if(tick > 0)
   				System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "...tick sale..." + tick--);
   		}
   	}
   }
   
   class MyTicketDemo2 
   {
   	public static void main(String[] args) 
   	{
   		Ticket tick = new Ticket();
   
   		Thread t1 = new Thread(tick);
   		Thread t2 = new Thread(tick);
   		Thread t3 = new Thread(tick);
   		Thread t4 = new Thread(tick);
   		t1.start();
   		t2.start();
   		t3.start();
   		t4.start();
   	}
   }

3、多线程的安全问题，同步代码块synchronized

1. 售票程序，synchronized

   class Ticket implements Runnable
   {
   	private int tick = 100;
   	Object obj = new Object();
   	public void run()
   	{
   		while(true)
   		{
   			synchronized(obj)
   			{
   				if(tick > 0)
   				{
   					try
   					{
   						Thread.sleep(10);
   					}
   					catch (Exception e)
   					{
   					}
   					System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "...tick sale..." + tick--);
   					
   				}
   			}
   		}
   	}
   }
   
   class MyTicketDemo2 
   {
   	public static void main(String[] args) 
   	{
   		Ticket tick = new Ticket();
   
   		Thread t1 = new Thread(tick);
   		Thread t2 = new Thread(tick);
   		Thread t3 = new Thread(tick);
   		Thread t4 = new Thread(tick);
   		t1.start();
   		t2.start();
   		t3.start();
   		t4.start();
   	}
   }

2. 同步的前提：
   1，必须要有两个或者两个以上的线程。
   2，必须是多个线程使用同一个锁。
3. 必须保证同步中只能有一个线程在运行。
4. 好处：解决了多线程的安全问题。
5. 弊端：多个线程需要判断锁，较为消耗资源