Spring Data

最新推荐文章于 2022-07-27 17:48:07 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2022-07-27 17:48:07 发布

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分类专栏： Spring 文章标签： spring-data 数据库框架

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大部分内容来自：https://segmentfault.com/a/1190000009211986#articleHeader9

Spring Data是什么

Spring Data 项目的目的是为了简化构建基于 Spring 框架应用的数据访问计数，包括非关系数据库、Map-Reduce 框架、云数据服务等等；另外也包含对关系数据库的访问支持。

这里写图片描述

使用spring data可以简单的通过配置就达到切换数据库的目的，给我们一种通用的编码模式统一接口

Spring Data JPA

开发环境搭建

Spring Data JPA快速起步

开发环境搭建
Spring Data JPA HelloWorld开发

代码演示：

1、创建DB配置文件

jdbc.url = jdbc:mysql:///springdata
jdbc.username = root
jdbc.password = root
jdbc.driverClass = com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

2、创建配置文件类

package com.myimooc.springdata.jpa.config;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

/**
 * Created by ZC on 2017/4/24.
 */
@PropertySource(value="classpath:db.properties")
@Component
public class PropertiesConfig {
    @Value("${jdbc.driverClass}")
    private String jdbcDriverClass;
    @Value("${jdbc.url}")
    private String jdbcUrl;
    @Value("${jdbc.username}")
    private String jdbcUser;
    @Value("${jdbc.password}")
    private String jdbcPassword;

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Properties{" +
                "jdbcDriverClass='" + jdbcDriverClass + '\'' +
                ", jdbcUrl='" + jdbcUrl + '\'' +
                ", jdbcUser='" + jdbcUser + '\'' +
                ", jdbcPassword='" + jdbcPassword + '\'' +
                '}';
    }

    public String getJdbcDriverClass() {
        return jdbcDriverClass;
    }

    public String getJdbcUrl() {
        return jdbcUrl;
    }

    public String getJdbcUser() {
        return jdbcUser;
    }

    public String getJdbcPassword() {
        return jdbcPassword;
    }
}

3、配置TransactionManager、EntityManagerFactory和Spring自动扫描注入

package com.myimooc.springdata.jpa.config;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.config.EnableJpaRepositories;
import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource;
import org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager;
import org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean;
import org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.Database;
import org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter;
import org.springframework.transaction.PlatformTransactionManager;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.EnableTransactionManagement;

import java.util.Properties;

/**
 * Spring配置类
 * Created by ZC on 2017/4/24.
 */
// 声明为配置类
@Configuration
// 启用事务管理
@EnableTransactionManagement
// 启用自动扫描继承 JpaRepository 接口的类。
// 注意，此注解需要配置 entityManagerFactory 和 transactionManager
// 方式一：定义获取Bean方法名为 entityManagerFactory 和 transactionManager
// 方式二：配置 @EnableJpaRepositories注解的 entityManagerFactoryRef 属性 为自定义获取Bean的方法名。
@EnableJpaRepositories(basePackages = "com.myimooc.springdata.jpa")
// 启用自动扫描 @Component 注解的Bean
@ComponentScan(basePackages = "com.myimooc.springdata.jpa")
public class SpringConfig{

    @Autowired
    private PropertiesConfig propertiesConfig;

    /**
     * 配置数据源
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    public DriverManagerDataSource dataSource(){
        DriverManagerDataSource driverManagerDataSource = new DriverManagerDataSource();
        driverManagerDataSource.setDriverClassName(propertiesConfig.getJdbcDriverClass());
        driverManagerDataSource.setUrl(propertiesConfig.getJdbcUrl());
        driverManagerDataSource.setUsername(propertiesConfig.getJdbcUser());
        driverManagerDataSource.setPassword(propertiesConfig.getJdbcPassword());
        return driverManagerDataSource;
    }


    /**
     * 配置事务管理器 JpaTransactionManager
     * @return
     */
    @Bean(name="transactionManager")
    public PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager(){
        JpaTransactionManager transactionManager = new JpaTransactionManager();
        transactionManager.setDataSource(this.dataSource());
        transactionManager.setEntityManagerFactory(this.entityManagerFactory().getObject());
        return transactionManager;
//        return new DataSourceTransactionManager(this.dataSource());
//        return new JpaTransactionManager(this.entityManagerFactory().getObject());
    }

    /**
     * 配置JPA的 EntityManagerFactory
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    public LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean entityManagerFactory(){
        LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean entityManagerFactory = new LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean();
        entityManagerFactory.setDataSource(dataSource());

        HibernateJpaVendorAdapter jpaVendorAdapter = new HibernateJpaVendorAdapter();
        jpaVendorAdapter.setGenerateDdl(true);
        jpaVendorAdapter.setDatabase(Database.MYSQL);
        entityManagerFactory.setJpaVendorAdapter(jpaVendorAdapter);

        entityManagerFactory.setPackagesToScan("com.myimooc.springdata.jpa");

        Properties jpaProperties = new Properties();
//        jpaProperties.setProperty("hibernate.ejb.naming_strategy","org.hibernate.cfg.ImprovedNamingStrategy");
        jpaProperties.setProperty("hibernate.dialect","org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect");
        jpaProperties.setProperty("hibernate.show_sql","true");
        jpaProperties.setProperty("hibernate.format_sql","true");
        jpaProperties.setProperty("hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto","update");

        entityManagerFactory.setJpaProperties(jpaProperties);

        return entityManagerFactory;
    }

}

4、编写实体类：Employee

package com.myimooc.springdata.jpa.domain;

import javax.persistence.*;

/**
 * 雇员：先开发实体类，然后自动生成实体表
 * Created by ZC on 2017/4/24.
 */
@Entity
@Table(name = "test_employee")
public class Employee {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue
    private Integer id;

    @Column(length = 20)
    private String name;

    private Integer age;

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Employee{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                '}';
    }

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
}

起步程序开发

代码演示：

1、编写EmployeeRepository接口

package com.myimooc.springdata.jpa.repository;

import com.myimooc.springdata.jpa.domain.Employee;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.Modifying;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.Query;
import org.springframework.data.repository.Repository;
import org.springframework.data.repository.query.Param;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * 使用 Repository 接口
 * Created by ZC on 2017/4/25.
 */
// 方式二：使用 @RepositoryDefinition 注解
//  @RepositoryDefinition(domainClass = Employee.class,idClass = Integer.class)
public interface EmployeeRepository extends Repository<Employee,Integer> {//方式一：继承 Repository 接口

    /**
     * 获取雇员对象通过名称
     * @param name
     * @return
     */
    Employee findByName(String name);
}

2、编写单元测试类：EmployeeRepositoryTest

package com.myimooc.springdata.jpa.repository;

import com.myimooc.springdata.jpa.config.SpringConfig;
import com.myimooc.springdata.jpa.domain.Employee;
import com.myimooc.springdata.jpa.repository.EmployeeRepository;
import com.myimooc.springdata.jpa.service.EmployeeService;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Assert;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * EmployeeRepository单元测试类
 * Created by ZC on 2017/4/24.
 */
public class EmployeeRepositoryTest {

    private ApplicationContext ctx = null;
    private EmployeeRepository employeeRepository = null;

    @Before
    public void init(){
        ctx = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(SpringConfig.class);
        employeeRepository = ctx.getBean(EmployeeRepository.class);
    }

    @After
    public void destroy(){
        ctx = null;
    }

    @Test
    public void entityManageFactoryTest(){
        LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean entityManagerFactory = (LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean)ctx.getBean(LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.class);
        Assert.assertNotNull(entityManagerFactory);
    }

    @Test
    public void findByNameTest(){
        System.out.println(employeeRepository);
        Employee employee = employeeRepository.findByName("cc");
        if( null == employee){
            System.out.println("查询数据为空");
        }else{
            System.out.println(employee.toString());
        }
    }
}

Repository

Repository：Spring Data核心类
RepositoryDefinition：使用该注解进行配置
Repository Query Specification：查询时，方法命名不能乱写
Query Annotation：使用该注解，可以实现原生SQL查询
Update/Delete/Transaction：更新、删除操作，支持事务

Repository Hierarchy

CrudRepository：内置了新增、更新、删除、查询方法
PagingAndSortingRespository：分页和排序
JpaRepository
JpaSpecificationExcutor

Spring Data JPA进阶

关于Repository接口

Repository接口详解

Repository接口是Spring Data的核心接口，不提供任何方法
public interface Repository<T, ID extends Serializable>{}
@RepositoryDefinition注解的使用

Repository类的定义：

1）Repository是一个空接口，标记接口。没有包含方法声明的接口
2）如果我们定义的接口EmployeeRepository extends Repository，会被Spring管理。
    如果我们自己的接口没有extends Repository，运行时会报错，没有这个Bean。

Repository子接口详解

CrudRepository：继承Repository，实现了CRUD相关的方法
PagingAndSortingRepository：继承CrudRepository，实现了分页排序相关的方法
JpaRepository：继承PagingAndSortingRepositor，实现JPA规范相关的方法

查询方法定义规则和使用

Repository中查询方法定义规则和使用

了解Spring Data中查询方法名称的定义规则
使用Spring Data完成复杂查询方法名称的命名

查询方法定义规则

这里写图片描述

代码演示：

1、在EmployeeRepository接口编写以下代码

    // 使用JPA规范查询

    // where name like ?% and age < ?
    List<Employee> findByNameStartingWithAndAgeLessThan(String name,Integer age);

    // where name like %? and age < ?
    List<Employee> findByNameEndingWithAndAgeLessThan(String name,Integer age);

    // where name in (?,?...) or age < ?
    List<Employee> findByNameInOrAgeLessThan(List<String> name,Integer age);

    // where name in (?,?...) and age < ?
    List<Employee> findByNameInAndAgeLessThan(List<String> name,Integer age);

2、在EmployeeRepositoryTest单元测试类进行测试

1）方法名比较长：约定大于配置
2）对于一些复杂的查询，是很难实现。

使用@Query注解来解决。

Query注解使用

在Respository方法中使用，不需要遵循查询方法命令规则
只需要将@Query定义在Respository中的方法之上即可
命名参数及索引参数的使用
本地查询

代码演示：

1、在EmployeeRepository接口编写以下代码

// 使用@Query注解查询

    /**
     * 自定义查询SQL
     * */
    @Query("select o from Employee o where id=(select max(id) from Employee t1)")
    Employee getEmployeeByMaxId();

    /**
     * 使用占位符进行参数绑定
     * */
    @Query("select o from Employee o where o.name=?1 and o.age=?2")
    List<Employee> listEmployeeByNameAndAge(String name, Integer age);

    /**
     * 使用命名参数进行参数绑定
     * */
    @Query("select o from Employee o where o.name=:name and o.age=:age")
    List<Employee> listEmployeeByNameAndAge2(@Param("name") String name, @Param("age")Integer age);

    /**
     * 自定义查询SQL，like,占位符进行参数绑定
     * */
    @Query("select o from Employee o where o.name like %?1%")
    List<Employee> listEmployeeByLikeName(String name);

    /**
     * 自定义查询SQL，like,命名参数进行参数绑定
     * */
    @Query("select o from Employee o where o.name like %:name%")
    List<Employee> listEmployeeByLikeName2(@Param("name") String name);

    /**
     * 使用原生态SQL查询
     * @return
     */
    @Query(nativeQuery = true,value = "select count(1) from employee")
    long getCount();

2、在EmployeeRepositoryTest单元测试类进行测试

//  使用 @Query 注解查询
    @Test
    public void getEmployeeByMaxIdTest(){

        Employee employee = employeeRepository.getEmployeeByMaxId();

        if( null != employee ){
                System.out.println(employee.toString());
        }else{
            System.out.println("查询数据为空");
        }
    }

    @Test
    public void listEmployeeByNameAndAgeTest(){
        List<Employee> employees = employeeRepository.listEmployeeByNameAndAge("zhangsan",20);
        if( null != employees && employees.size() > 0){
            for (Employee employee : employees) {
                System.out.println(employee.toString());
            }
        }else{
            System.out.println("查询数据为空");
        }
    }

    @Test
    public void listEmployeeByNameAndAge2Test(){
        List<Employee> employees = employeeRepository.listEmployeeByNameAndAge2("zhangsan",20);
        if( null != employees && employees.size() > 0){
            for (Employee employee : employees) {
                System.out.println(employee.toString());
            }
        }else{
            System.out.println("查询数据为空");
        }
    }

    @Test
    public void listEmployeeByLikeNameTest(){
        List<Employee> employees = employeeRepository.listEmployeeByLikeName("test1");
        if( null != employees && employees.size() > 0){
            for (Employee employee : employees) {
                System.out.println(employee.toString());
            }
        }else{
            System.out.println("查询数据为空");
        }
    }

    @Test
    public void listEmployeeByLikeName2Test(){
        List<Employee> employees = employeeRepository.listEmployeeByLikeName2("test");
        if( null != employees && employees.size() > 0){
            for (Employee employee : employees) {
                System.out.println(employee.toString());
            }
        }else{
            System.out.println("查询数据为空");
        }
    }

    @Test
    public void getCountTest(){
        long count = employeeRepository.getCount();
        System.out.println(count);
    }

更新操作整合事务使用

更新及删除操作整合事务的使用

@Modifying注解使用
@Modifying结合@Query注解执行更新操作
@Transaction在Spring Data中的使用

事务在Spring data中的使用：

1）事务一般是在Service层
2）@Query、@Modifying、@Transaction的综合使用

代码演示：

1、基于javaconfig在SpringConfig类进行事务配置

package com.myimooc.springdata.jpa.config;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.config.EnableJpaRepositories;
import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource;
import org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager;
import org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean;
import org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.Database;
import org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter;
import org.springframework.transaction.PlatformTransactionManager;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.EnableTransactionManagement;

import java.util.Properties;

/**
 * Spring配置类
 * Created by ZC on 2017/4/24.
 */
// 声明为配置类
@Configuration
// 启用事务管理
@EnableTransactionManagement
// 启用自动扫描继承 JpaRepository 接口的类。
// 注意，此注解需要配置 entityManagerFactory 和 transactionManager
// 方式一：定义获取Bean方法名为 entityManagerFactory 和 transactionManager
// 方式二：配置 @EnableJpaRepositories注解的 entityManagerFactoryRef 属性 为自定义获取Bean的方法名。
@EnableJpaRepositories(basePackages = "com.myimooc.springdata.jpa")
// 启用自动扫描 @Component 注解的Bean
@ComponentScan(basePackages = "com.myimooc.springdata.jpa")
public class SpringConfig{

    @Autowired
    private PropertiesConfig propertiesConfig;

    /**
     * 配置数据源
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    public DriverManagerDataSource dataSource(){
        DriverManagerDataSource driverManagerDataSource = new DriverManagerDataSource();
        driverManagerDataSource.setDriverClassName(propertiesConfig.getJdbcDriverClass());
        driverManagerDataSource.setUrl(propertiesConfig.getJdbcUrl());
        driverManagerDataSource.setUsername(propertiesConfig.getJdbcUser());
        driverManagerDataSource.setPassword(propertiesConfig.getJdbcPassword());
        return driverManagerDataSource;
    }


    /**
     * 配置事务管理器 JpaTransactionManager
     * @return
     */
    @Bean(name="transactionManager")
    public PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager(){
        JpaTransactionManager transactionManager = new JpaTransactionManager();
        transactionManager.setDataSource(this.dataSource());
        transactionManager.setEntityManagerFactory(this.entityManagerFactory().getObject());
        return transactionManager;
//        return new DataSourceTransactionManager(this.dataSource());
//        return new JpaTransactionManager(this.entityManagerFactory().getObject());
    }

    /**
     * 配置JPA的 EntityManagerFactory
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    public LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean entityManagerFactory(){
        LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean entityManagerFactory = new LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean();
        entityManagerFactory.setDataSource(dataSource());

        HibernateJpaVendorAdapter jpaVendorAdapter = new HibernateJpaVendorAdapter();
        jpaVendorAdapter.setGenerateDdl(true);
        jpaVendorAdapter.setDatabase(Database.MYSQL);
        entityManagerFactory.setJpaVendorAdapter(jpaVendorAdapter);

        entityManagerFactory.setPackagesToScan("com.myimooc.springdata.jpa");

        Properties jpaProperties = new Properties();
//        jpaProperties.setProperty("hibernate.ejb.naming_strategy","org.hibernate.cfg.ImprovedNamingStrategy");
        jpaProperties.setProperty("hibernate.dialect","org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect");
        jpaProperties.setProperty("hibernate.show_sql","true");
        jpaProperties.setProperty("hibernate.format_sql","true");
        jpaProperties.setProperty("hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto","update");

        entityManagerFactory.setJpaProperties(jpaProperties);

        return entityManagerFactory;
    }

}

2、在EmployeeRepository接口编写以下代码

    // 更新数据
    @Transactional
    @Modifying
    @Query("update Employee o set o.age = :age where o.id = :id")
    void updateAgeById(@Param("id")Integer id,@Param("age")Integer age);

3、定义Service层，实际开发中，需要定义接口，这里为了演示方便，直接使用类。

package com.myimooc.springdata.jpa.service;

import com.myimooc.springdata.jpa.domain.Employee;
import com.myimooc.springdata.jpa.repository.EmployeeCrudRepository;
import com.myimooc.springdata.jpa.repository.EmployeeRepository;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

import java.util.List;


/**
 * Created by ZC on 2017/4/25.
 */
@Service
public class EmployeeService {

    @Autowired
    private EmployeeRepository employeeRepository;

    @Autowired
    private EmployeeCrudRepository employeeCrudRepository;

    @Transactional
    public void updateAgeById(Integer id, Integer age){
        this.employeeRepository.updateAgeById(id,age);
    };

    @Transactional
    public void save(List<Employee> employees){
        this.employeeCrudRepository.save(employees);
    }
}

4、编写EmployeeService单元测试类

package com.myimooc.springdata.jpa.service;

import com.myimooc.springdata.jpa.config.SpringConfig;
import com.myimooc.springdata.jpa.repository.EmployeeRepository;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Assert;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean;
import org.springframework.transaction.PlatformTransactionManager;

/**
 * EmployeeService单元测试类
 * Created by ZC on 2017/4/25.
 */
public class EmployeeServiceTest {

    private ApplicationContext ctx = null;
    private EmployeeService employeeService = null;

    @Before
    public void init(){
        ctx = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(SpringConfig.class);
        employeeService = ctx.getBean(EmployeeService.class);
    }

    @After
    public void destroy(){
        ctx = null;
    }

    @Test
    public void transactionManagerTest(){
        PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager = (PlatformTransactionManager)ctx.getBean(PlatformTransactionManager.class);
        Assert.assertNotNull(transactionManager);
    }

    // 更新操作

    @Test
    public void updateAgeByIdTest(){
        employeeService.updateAgeById(1,55);
    }

}

Spring Data JPA高级

CrudRepository接口使用详解

save(entity)：保存一个实体
save(entities)：保存多个实体
findOne(id)：找到一个对象
exists(id)：根据ID判断对象是否存在
findAll()：找到所有实体对象
delete(id)：根据ID删除实体对象
delete(entity)：根据实体对象删除实体对象
delete(entities)：删除多个实体对象
deleteAll()：删除所有实体对象

代码演示：

1、编写EmployeeCrudRepository接口

package com.myimooc.springdata.jpa.repository;

import com.myimooc.springdata.jpa.domain.Employee;
import org.springframework.data.repository.CrudRepository;

/**
 * 使用 CrudRepository 接口
 * Created by ZC on 2017/4/26.
 */
public interface EmployeeCrudRepository extends CrudRepository<Employee,Integer>{

}

2、编写EmployeeCrudRepositoryTest单元测试类

package com.myimooc.springdata.jpa.repository;

import com.myimooc.springdata.jpa.config.SpringConfig;
import com.myimooc.springdata.jpa.domain.Employee;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * EmployeeRepository单元测试类
 * Created by ZC on 2017/4/24.
 */
public class EmployeeCrudRepositoryTest {

    private ApplicationContext ctx = null;
    private EmployeeCrudRepository employeeCrudRepository = null;

    @Before
    public void init(){
        ctx = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(SpringConfig.class);
        employeeCrudRepository = ctx.getBean(EmployeeCrudRepository.class);
    }

    @After
    public void destroy(){
        ctx = null;
    }

    @Test
    public void saveTest(){
        List<Employee> employees = new ArrayList<Employee>();
        Employee employee = null;
        for(int i=0;i<100;i++){
            employee = new Employee();
            employee.setName("test"+i);
            employee.setAge(100 - i);
            employees.add(employee);
        }
        employeeCrudRepository.save(employees);
    }

}

PagingAndSortingRespository接口使用详解

该接口包含分页和排序的功能
带排序的查询：findAll(Sort sort)
带排序的分页查询：findAll(Pageable pageable)

代码演示：

1、编写EmployeePagingAndSortingRepository接口

package com.myimooc.springdata.jpa.repository;

import com.myimooc.springdata.jpa.domain.Employee;
import org.springframework.data.repository.PagingAndSortingRepository;

/**
 * 使用 PagingAndSortingRepository 实现分页和排序功能
 * Created by ZC on 2017/4/26.
 */
public interface EmployeePagingAndSortingRepository extends PagingAndSortingRepository<Employee,Integer> {
}

2、编写EmployeePagingAndSortingRepositoryTest单元测试类

package com.myimooc.springdata.jpa.repository;

import com.myimooc.springdata.jpa.config.SpringConfig;
import com.myimooc.springdata.jpa.domain.Employee;
import com.myimooc.springdata.jpa.repository.EmployeePagingAndSortingRepository;
import com.myimooc.springdata.jpa.service.EmployeeService;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Assert;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Page;
import org.springframework.data.domain.PageRequest;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Pageable;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Sort;
import org.springframework.data.repository.PagingAndSortingRepository;
import org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * PagingAndSortingRepository 单元测试类
 * Created by ZC on 2017/4/26.
 */
public class EmployeePagingAndSortingRepositoryTest {

    private ApplicationContext ctx = null;
    private EmployeePagingAndSortingRepository employeePagingAndSortingRepository = null;

    @Before
    public void init(){
        ctx = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(SpringConfig.class);
        employeePagingAndSortingRepository = ctx.getBean(EmployeePagingAndSortingRepository.class);
    }

    @After
    public void destroy(){
        ctx = null;
    }

    /**
     * 分页功能测试
     */
    @Test
    public void pageTest(){
        // page: index是从0开始的，不是从1开始的
        Pageable pageable = new PageRequest(0,9);
        Page<Employee> employeePage = employeePagingAndSortingRepository.findAll(pageable);

        System.out.println("查询的总页数："+employeePage.getTotalPages());
        System.out.println("查询的总记录数："+employeePage.getTotalElements());
        System.out.println("查询的当前第几页："+(employeePage.getNumber() + 1));
        System.out.println("查询的当前页面的集合："+employeePage.getContent());
        System.out.println("查询的当前页面的记录数："+employeePage.getNumberOfElements());

    }

    /**
     * 分页和排序功能测试
     */
    @Test
    public void pageAndSort(){
        Sort.Order order = new Sort.Order(Sort.Direction.ASC,"id");
        Sort sort = new Sort(order);
        // page: index是从0开始的，不是从1开始的
        Pageable pageable = new PageRequest(0,5,sort);
        Page<Employee> employeePage = employeePagingAndSortingRepository.findAll(pageable);

        System.out.println("查询的总页数："+employeePage.getTotalPages());
        System.out.println("查询的总记录数："+employeePage.getTotalElements());
        System.out.println("查询的当前第几页："+(employeePage.getNumber() + 1));
        System.out.println("查询的当前页面的集合："+employeePage.getContent());
        System.out.println("查询的当前页面的记录数："+employeePage.getNumberOfElements());
    }

}

JpaRepository接口使用详解

finaAll：查询所有记录
findAll(Sort sort)：查询所有记录并排序
save(entities)：保存多个实体对象
fiush：
deleteInBatch(entities)：一个批次里面删除那些实体

代码演示：

1、编写EmployeeJpaRepository接口

package com.myimooc.springdata.jpa.repository;

import com.myimooc.springdata.jpa.domain.Employee;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
import org.springframework.data.repository.PagingAndSortingRepository;

/**
 * 使用 JpaRepository 接口
 * Created by ZC on 2017/4/26.
 */
public interface EmployeeJpaRepository extends JpaRepository<Employee,Integer> {
}

2、编写EmployeeJpaRepositoryTest单元测试类

package com.myimooc.springdata.jpa.repository;

import com.myimooc.springdata.jpa.config.SpringConfig;
import com.myimooc.springdata.jpa.domain.Employee;
import com.myimooc.springdata.jpa.repository.EmployeeJpaRepository;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Page;
import org.springframework.data.domain.PageRequest;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Pageable;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Sort;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
import org.springframework.data.repository.PagingAndSortingRepository;

/**
 * EmployeeJpaRepository 单元测试类
 * Created by ZC on 2017/4/26.
 */
public class EmployeeJpaRepositoryTest {

    private ApplicationContext ctx = null;
    private EmployeeJpaRepository employeeJpaRepository = null;

    @Before
    public void init(){
        ctx = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(SpringConfig.class);
        employeeJpaRepository = ctx.getBean(EmployeeJpaRepository.class);
    }

    @After
    public void destroy(){
        ctx = null;
    }

    @Test
    public void findTest(){
        Employee employee = employeeJpaRepository.findOne(99);
        System.out.println("employee"+employee.toString());

        System.out.println("employee(10)"+employeeJpaRepository.exists(10));
        System.out.println("employee(102)"+employeeJpaRepository.exists(102));
    }

}

JpaSpecificationExecutor接口使用详解

Specification封装了JPA Criteria查询条件

代码演示：

1、编写EmployeeJpaSpecificationExecutor接口

package com.myimooc.springdata.jpa.repository;

import com.myimooc.springdata.jpa.domain.Employee;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaSpecificationExecutor;

/**
 * 使用 JpaSpecificationExecutor 接口
 * Created by ZC on 2017/4/26.
 */
public interface EmployeeJpaSpecificationExecutor extends JpaRepository<Employee,Integer> ,
        JpaSpecificationExecutor<Employee>{
}

2、编写EmployeeJpaSpecificationExecutorTest单元测试类

package com.myimooc.springdata.jpa.repository;

import com.myimooc.springdata.jpa.config.SpringConfig;
import com.myimooc.springdata.jpa.domain.Employee;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Page;
import org.springframework.data.domain.PageRequest;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Pageable;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Sort;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.domain.Specification;

import javax.persistence.criteria.*;

/**
 * EmployeeJpaSpecificationExecutor 单元测试类
 * Created by ZC on 2017/4/26.
 */
public class EmployeeJpaSpecificationExecutorTest {

    private ApplicationContext ctx = null;
    private EmployeeJpaSpecificationExecutor employeeJpaSpecificationExecutor = null;

    @Before
    public void init(){
        ctx = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(SpringConfig.class);
        employeeJpaSpecificationExecutor = ctx.getBean(EmployeeJpaSpecificationExecutor.class);
    }

    @After
    public void destroy(){
        ctx = null;
    }

    /**
     * 1、分页
     * 2、排序
     * 3、查询条件:age > 50
     */
    @Test
    public void queryTest(){
        Sort.Order order = new Sort.Order(Sort.Direction.DESC,"id");
        Sort sort = new Sort(order);
        // page: index是从0开始的，不是从1开始的
        Pageable pageable = new PageRequest(0,5,sort);

        /**
         * root : 就是我们要查询的类型 (Employee)
         * query : 添加查询条件
         * cb : 构建 Predicate
         */
        Specification<Employee> specification = new Specification<Employee>() {
            // 查询条件
            public Predicate toPredicate(Root<Employee> root, CriteriaQuery<?> query, CriteriaBuilder cb) {
                // root (employee (age))
                Path path = root.get("age");
                return cb.gt(path,50);
            }
        };

        Page<Employee> employeePage = employeeJpaSpecificationExecutor.findAll(specification,pageable);

        System.out.println("查询的总页数："+employeePage.getTotalPages());
        System.out.println("查询的总记录数："+employeePage.getTotalElements());
        System.out.println("查询的当前第几页："+(employeePage.getNumber() + 1));
        System.out.println("查询的当前页面的集合："+employeePage.getContent());
        System.out.println("查询的当前页面的记录数："+employeePage.getNumberOfElements());

    }

}

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Spring Data

Spring Data是什么Spring Data 项目的目的是为了简化构建基于 Spring 框架应用的数据访问计数，包括非关系数据库、Map-Reduce 框架、云数据服务等等；另外也包含对关系数据库的访问支持。使用spring data可以简单的通过配置就达到切换数据库的目的，给我们一种通用的编码模式统一接口Spring Data JPA开发环境搭建Spring Data JPA快速起步开发环
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