Requests库学习

• 请求豆瓣电影的前250，然后获取请求到内容的属性

    import requests
  
    r = requests.get('https://movie.douban.com/top250')
    print type(r)
    print r.status_code
    print r.encoding
    #print r.text
    print r.cookies

• requests的请求方式
  • get()
  • post()
  • put()
  • delete()
  • head()
  • options()

get()请求：

• requests请求时附加参数
  ```
  import requests

  payload = {'key1': 'value1', 'key2': 'value2'}
  r = requests.get("http://httpbin.org/get", params=payload)
  print r.url
  ```

• 请求json文件
  • json文件内容如下：

  ["foo", "bar", {
    "foo": "bar"
  }]

  • requests请求json

      import requests
      r = requests.get("a.json")
      print r.text
      print r.json()

  • 运行结果
    [u'foo', u'bar', {u'foo': u'bar'}]

• 获取来自服务器的原始套接字响应（在初始请求中设置 stream=True，用r.raw取得）

  r = requests.get('https://github.com/timeline.json', stream=True)
  r.raw
  <requests.packages.urllib3.response.HTTPResponse object at 0x101194810>
  r.raw.read(10)
  '\x1f\x8b\x08\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x03'

• 请求时传入header参数
  ```
  import requests

  payload = {'key1': 'value1', 'key2': 'value2'}
  headers = {'content-type': 'application/json'}
  r = requests.get("http://httpbin.org/get", params=payload, headers=headers)
  print r.url
  ```

post请求

• 对于 POST 请求来说，我们一般需要为它增加一些参数。那么最基本的传参方法可以利用 data 这个参数。
  ```
  import requests

  payload = {'key1': 'value1', 'key2': 'value2'}
  r = requests.post("http://httpbin.org/post", data=payload)
  print r.text
  * 运行结果
  {
  "args": {},
  "data": "",
  "files": {},
  "form": {
  "key1": "value1",
  "key2": "value2"
  },
  "headers": {
  "Accept": "/",
  "Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate",
  "Content-Length": "23",
  "Content-Type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded",
  "Host": "httpbin.org",
  "User-Agent": "python-requests/2.9.1"
  },
  "json": null,
  "url": "http://httpbin.org/post"
  }
  ```

cookies

• 如果一个响应中包含了cookie，那么我们可以利用 cookies 变量来拿到
  ```
  import requests

  url = 'http://example.com'
  r = requests.get(url)
  print r.cookies
  print r.cookies['example_cookie_name']
  ```
  • 运行结果
    '{"cookies": {"cookies_are": "working"}}'

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/lhfen/p/6197425.html