c++ 数据类型

参考链接：http://www.cplusplus.com/reference/climits/

快速浏览各类型所能表示最大值：

name	expresses	value*
CHAR_BIT	Number of bits in a char object (byte)	8 or greater*
SCHAR_MIN	Minimum value for an object of type signed char	-127 (-27+1) or less*
SCHAR_MAX	Maximum value for an object of type signed char	127 (27-1) or greater*
UCHAR_MAX	Maximum value for an object of type unsigned char	255 (28-1) or greater*
CHAR_MIN	Minimum value for an object of type char	either SCHAR_MIN or 0
CHAR_MAX	Maximum value for an object of type char	either SCHAR_MAX or UCHAR_MAX
MB_LEN_MAX	Maximum number of bytes in a multibyte character, for any locale	1 or greater*
SHRT_MIN	Minimum value for an object of type short int	-32767 (-215+1) or less*
SHRT_MAX	Maximum value for an object of type short int	32767 (215-1) or greater*
USHRT_MAX	Maximum value for an object of type unsigned short int	65535 (216-1) or greater*
INT_MIN	Minimum value for an object of type int	-32767 (-215+1) or less*
INT_MAX	Maximum value for an object of type int	32767 (215-1) or greater*
UINT_MAX	Maximum value for an object of type unsigned int	65535 (216-1) or greater*
LONG_MIN	Minimum value for an object of type long int	-2147483647 (-231+1) or less*
LONG_MAX	Maximum value for an object of type long int	2147483647 (231-1) or greater*
ULONG_MAX	Maximum value for an object of type unsigned long int	4294967295 (232-1) or greater*
LLONG_MIN	Minimum value for an object of type long long int	-9223372036854775807 (-263+1) or less*
LLONG_MAX	Maximum value for an object of type long long int	9223372036854775807 (263-1) or greater*
ULLONG_MAX	Maximum value for an object of type unsigned long long int	18446744073709551615 (264-1) or greater*

c++标准库中查看类型最小值方法：

http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/types/numeric_limits/min

std::numeric_limits::min（）

Return value

T	std::numeric_limits<T>::min()
/* non-specialized */	T();
bool	false
char	CHAR_MIN
signed char	SCHAR_MIN
unsigned char	​0​
wchar_t	WCHAR_MIN
char16_t	​0​
char32_t	​0​
short	SHRT_MIN
unsigned short	​0​
int	INT_MIN
unsigned int	​0​
long	LONG_MIN
unsigned long	​0​
long long	LLONG_MIN
unsigned long long	​0​
float	FLT_MIN
double	DBL_MIN
long double	LDBL_MIN

#include <limits>
#include <cstddef>
#include <iostream>
 
int main()
{
    std::cout 
        << "short: " << std::dec << std::numeric_limits<short>::min()
        << " or " << std::hex << std::showbase 
        << std::numeric_limits<short>::min() << '\n'
 
        << "int: " << std::dec << std::numeric_limits<int>::min() << std::showbase
        << " or " << std::hex << std::numeric_limits<int>::min() << '\n' << std::dec 
 
        << "ptrdiff_t: " << std::numeric_limits<std::ptrdiff_t>::min() << std::showbase
        << " or " << std::hex << std::numeric_limits<std::ptrdiff_t>::min() << '\n'
 
        << "float: " << std::numeric_limits<float>::min()
        << " or " << std::hexfloat << std::numeric_limits<float>::min() << '\n'
 
        << "double: " << std::defaultfloat << std::numeric_limits<double>::min()
        << " or " << std::hexfloat << std::numeric_limits<double>::min() << '\n';
}

short: -32768 or 0x8000
int: -2147483648 or 0x80000000
ptrdiff_t: -9223372036854775808 or 0x8000000000000000
float: 1.17549e-38 or 0x1p-126
double: 2.22507e-308 or 0x1p-1022