RAC建立DATA GUARD环境后出现的ORA-01105和ORA-01677错误

对RAC环境建立了DATA GUARD后，RAC环境的一个实例关闭后无法启动，报错信息为：ORA-01105和ORA-1677。

RAC环境的一个实例关闭后，在重启时报错如下：

bash-2.03$ srvctl start inst -d testrac -i testrac2

PRKP-1001 : Error starting instance testrac2 on node racnode2
racnode2:ora.racnode2.vip:Created new logical interface ce0:1
racnode2:ora.racnode2.ASM2.asm:
racnode2:ora.racnode2.ASM2.asm:SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.3.0 - Production on Wed Jul 4 23:13:15 2007
racnode2:ora.racnode2.ASM2.asm:
racnode2:ora.racnode2.ASM2.asm:Copyright (c) 1982, 2006, Oracle. All Rights Reserved.
racnode2:ora.racnode2.ASM2.asm:
racnode2:ora.racnode2.ASM2.asm:Enter user-name: Connected to an idle instance.
racnode2:ora.racnode2.ASM2.asm:
racnode2:ora.racnode2.ASM2.asm:SQL> ASM instance started
racnode2:ora.racnode2.ASM2.asm:
racnode2:ora.racnode2.ASM2.asm:Total System Global Area 130023424 bytes
racnode2:ora.racnode2.ASM2.asm:Fixed Size 2028368 bytes
racnode2:ora.racnode2.ASM2.asm:Variable Size 102829232 bytes
racnode2:ora.racnode2.ASM2.asm:ASM Cache 25165824 bytes
racnode2:ora.racnode2.ASM2.asm:ASM diskgroups mounted
racnode2:ora.racnode2.ASM2.asm:SQL> Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
racnode2:ora.racnode2.ASM2.asm:With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, OLAP and Data Mining options
racnode2:ora.racnode2.ASM2.asm:
racnode2:ora.racnode2.ASM2.asm:
racnode2:ora.racnode2.ASM2.asm:SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.3.0 - Production on Wed Jul 4 23:13:54 2007
racnode2:ora.racnode2.ASM2.asm:
racnode2:ora.racnode2.ASM2.asm:Copyright (c) 1982, 2006, Oracle. All Rights Reserved.
racnode2:ora.racnode2.ASM2.asm:
racnode2:ora.racnode2.ASM2.asm:Enter user-name:
racnode2:ora.racnode2.ASM2.asm:Connected to:
racnode2:ora.racnode2.ASM2.asm:Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
racnode2:ora.racnode2.ASM2.asm:With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, OLAP and Data Mining options
racnode2:ora.racnode2.ASM2.asm:
racnode2:ora.racnode2.ASM2.asm:SQL> ORA-15097: cannot SHUTDOWN ASM instance with connected RDBMS instance
racnode2:ora.racnode2.ASM2.asm:SQL> Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
racnode2:ora.racnode2.ASM2.asm:With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, OLAP and Data Mining options
racnode2:ora.racnode2.ASM2.asm:
racnode2:ora.racnode2.ASM2.asm:
racnode2:ora.racnode2.ASM2.asm:SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.3.0 - Production on Wed Jul 4 23:13:56 2007
racnode2:ora.racnode2.ASM2.asm:
racnode2:ora.racnode2.ASM2.asm:Copyright (c) 1982, 2006, Oracle. All Rights Reserved.
racnode2:ora.racnode2.ASM2.asm:
racnode2:ora.racnode2.ASM2.asm:Enter user-name:
racnode2:ora.racnode2.ASM2.asm:Connected to:
racnode2:ora.racnode2.ASM2.asm:Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
racnode2:ora.racnode2.ASM2.asm:With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, OLAP and Data Mining options
racnode2:ora.racnode2.ASM2.asm:
racnode2:ora.racnode2.ASM2.asm:SQL> ASM instance shutdown
racnode2:ora.racnode2.ASM2.asm:SQL> Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
racnode2:ora.racnode2.ASM2.asm:With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, OLAP and Data Mining options
racnode2:ora.racnode2.ASM2.asm:
CRS-0215: ???????????? 'ora.testrac.testrac2.inst'??

由于错误信息并不明确，选择了通过sqlplus手工启动asm和db：

bash-2.03$ export ORACLE_SID=+ASM2
bash-2.03$ sqlplus "/ as sysdba"

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.3.0 - Production on 星期三 7月 4 23:18:57 2007

Copyright (c) 1982, 2006, Oracle. All Rights Reserved.

已连接到空闲例程。

SQL> startup
ASM 实例已启动

Total System Global Area 130023424 bytes
Fixed Size 2028368 bytes
Variable Size 102829232 bytes
ASM Cache 25165824 bytes
ASM 磁盘组已装载
SQL> exit从 Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, OLAP and Data Mining options 断开
bash-2.03$ exit
exit
$ sqlplus "/ as sysdba"

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.3.0 - Production on 星期三 7月 4 23:19:21 2007

Copyright (c) 1982, 2006, Oracle. All Rights Reserved.

已连接到空闲例程。

SQL> startup
ORACLE 例程已经启动。

Total System Global Area 2147483648 bytes
Fixed Size 2031480 bytes
Variable Size 503316616 bytes
Database Buffers 1627389952 bytes
Redo Buffers 14745600 bytes
ORA-01105: ?????????????????
ORA-01677: ????????????????

这个显示了导致数据库无法启动的错误信息：ORA-1105和ORA-1677。

ORA-1105的错误信息描述为：

ORA-01105: mount is incompatible with mounts by other instances
Cause: An attempt to mount the database discovered that another instance mounted a database by the same name, but the mount is not compatible. Additional errors are reported explaining why.
Action: See accompanying errors.

ORA-1677错误信息为：

ORA-01677: standby file name convert parameters differ from other instance
Cause: The DB_FILE_STANDBY_NAME_CONVERT or LOG_FILE_STANDBY_NAME_CONVERT initialization parameters are not the same as in other instancesthat already have the database mounted.
Action: Change initialization parameters DB_FILE_STANDBY_NAME_CONVERT and LOG_FILE_STANDBY_NAME_CONVERT to match otherinstances.

从这两个信息就可以判断出，是由于DB_FILE_STANDBY_NAME_CONVERT和LOG_FILE_STANDBY_NAME_CONVERT参数不一致造成的。

回想在建立DATA GUARD最后，是通过ALTER SYSTEM SET … SCOPE = SPFILE方式进行的修改，由于没有指定SID，因此这个修改对于两个实例都会生效，不过这个参数无法对已经启动的实例进行修改，因此只对SPFILE进行了修改。

由于实例TESTRAC2重启启动的时候加载了新修改的DB_FILE_STANDBY_NAME_CONVERT参数，造成了和一直没有启动的TESTRAC1实例的冲突，从而引发了错误。

发现问题，解决就很容易了，将实例1关闭，然后两个实例就都可以顺利重启了。

RAC环境建立DATA GUARD的过程可以参考：http://yangtingkun.itpub.net/post/468/411898

原文链接：http://space.itpub.net/4227/viewspace-69495